Download or read book The Politics of Military Reform in Post Suharto Indonesia written by Marcus Mietzner and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study discusses the process of military reform in Indonesia after the fall of Suharto?s New Order regime in 1998. The extent of Indonesia?s progress in this area has been the subject of heated debate, both in Indonesia and in Western capitals. Human rights organizations and critical academics, on the one hand, have argued that the reforms implemented so far have been largely superficial, and that Indonesia?s armed forces remain a highly problematic institution. Foreign proponents of military assistance to Indonesia, on the other hand, have asserted that the military has undergone radical change, as evidenced by its complete extraction from political institutions. This study evaluates the state of military reform eight years after the end of authoritarian rule, pointing to both significant achievements and serious shortcomings. Although the armed forces in the new democratic polity no longer function as the backbone of a powerful centralist regime and have lost many of their previous privileges, the military has been able to protect its core institutional interests by successfully fending off demands to reform the territorial command structure. As the military?s primary source of political influence and off-budget revenue, the persistence of the territorial system has ensured that the Indonesian armed forces have not been fully subordinated to democratic civilian control. This ambiguous transition outcome so far poses difficult challenges to domestic and foreign policymakers, who have to find ways of effectively engaging with the military to drive the reform process forward.This is the twenty-third publication in Policy Studies, a peer-reviewed East-West Center Washington series that presents scholarly analysis of key contemporary domestic and international political, economic, and strategic issues affecting Asia in a policy relevant manner.
Download or read book Military Reform written by Winslow T. Wheeler and published by Stanford Security Studies. This book was released on 2009 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume helps the reader understand fundamental strengths and weaknesses in America's military forces, thereby leading to a comprehension of what genuine military reform is--and is not--and what remains to be done.
Download or read book The Politics of Military Reform written by Jürgen Rüland and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-03 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume seeks to explain why democratization and military reforms stagnate in newly democratizing countries. The contributions blend historical, ideational, cultural and structural explanatory factors to analyze the trajectories of military reform in Indonesia and Nigeria, two major regional powers that share many structural commonalities. In the tradition of the literature on security sector reform (SSR), the book not only scrutinizes executive initiatives toward military reform, but also provides ample coverage of societal actors. Findings show that while military reform is stagnating in both countries, societal forces ought to be taken into account more as major driving forces in explaining military reform. Several chapters study how legislatures, non-governmental organizations and the civilian defence epistemic community contribute to the transformation of military institutions. The last part of the book tackles another aspect rarely studied in the literature on military reform, namely, the role of militias in military reform.
Download or read book The Challenge of Military Reform in Postcommunist Europe written by A. Forster and published by Springer. This book was released on 2002-10-23 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major comparative study examines the challenges faced by countries of postcommunist Europe in reforming and professionalizing their armed forces. It explores how the interaction of the common challenges of postcommunism and the diverse circumstances of individual countries are shaping professionalization processes in this changing region. The detailed country case studies in this volume, written by leading experts to a common analytical framework, compare the experiences of Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Croatia, FRY, Russia and Ukraine.
Download or read book Chinese Military Reform in the Age of Xi Jinping Drivers Challenges and Implications written by Joel Wuthnow and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) has embarked on its most wide-ranging and ambitious restructuring since 1949, including major changes to most of its key organizations. The restructuring reflects the desire to strengthen PLA joint operation capabilities- on land, sea, in the air, and in the space and cyber domains. The reforms could result in a more adept joint warfighting force, though the PLA will continue to face a number of key hurdles to effective joint operations, Several potential actions would indicate that the PLA is overcoming obstacles to a stronger joint operations capability. The reforms are also intended to increase Chairman Xi Jinping's control over the PLA and to reinvigorate Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organs within the military. Xi Jinping's ability to push through reforms indicates that he has more authority over the PLA than his recent predecessors. The restructuring could create new opportunities for U.S.-China military contacts.
Download or read book Twenty Years of Service written by Brandon J. Archuleta and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2020-08-06 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Military pension policies are as old as the republic itself and reside at the intersection of American social, economic, and defense policy. But as the nation’s social and economic circumstances underwent dramatic changes over the last half century, military pension policy remained static, stuck in the personnel and retirement model of the industrial age. This book examines why. Integrating policy history, theory, and practice, Twenty Years of Service provides the most comprehensive examination of US military pension policy in a generation. Brandon J. Archuleta sets the stage with an exploration of the rise, evolution, and transformation of the veterans’ policy subsystem from the American Revolution through World War II. The ensuing theoretical overview explains how the military personnel policy subsystem achieved the autonomy it enjoyed from 1948 to 2018; it also offers a new perspective on autonomous policy subsystems in general, which helps to account for the long-term pension policy stasis. In practical terms, Archuleta explores the role of the successful 2015 Military Compensation and Retirement Modernization Commission as an institutional venue for policy change during the congressional budget battles of the 2010s. Through extensive archival research, illustrative case studies, and field interviews with Pentagon bureaucrats, congressional staffers, veterans’ lobbyists, defense scholars, and journalists, Twenty Years of Service brings the policymaking process to life. Its insights will prove invaluable to policy scholars and defense practitioners alike.
Download or read book Military Politics Islam and the State in Indonesia written by Marcus Mietzner and published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. This book was released on 2009 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a decade of research in Indonesia, this book provides an in-depth account of the military's struggle to adapt to the new democratic system after the downfall of Suharto's authoritarian regime in 1998. Unlike other studies of the Indonesian armed forces, which focus exclusively on internal military developments, Mietzner's study emphasizes the importance of conflicts among civilians in determining the extent of military involvement in political affairs. Analysing disputes between Indonesia's main Muslim groups, Mietzner argues that their intense rivalry between 1998 and 2004 allowed the military to extend its engagement in politics and protect its institutional interests. The stabilization of the civilian polity after 2004, in contrast, has led to an increasing marginalization of the armed forces from the power centre. Drawing broader conclusions from these events for Indonesia's ongoing process of democratic consolidation, the book shows that the future role of the armed forces in politics will largely depend on the ability of civilian leaders to maintain functioning democratic institutions and procedures.
Download or read book The Political Resurgence of the Military in Southeast Asia written by Marcus Mietzner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1990s, prominent scholars of civil-military relations detected a decline in the political significance of the armed forces across Southeast Asia. A decade later, however, this trend seems to have been reversed. The Thai military launched a coup in 2006, the Philippine armed forces expanded their political privileges under the Arroyo presidency, and the Burmese junta successfully engineered pseudo-democratic elections in 2010. This book discusses the political resurgence of the military in Southeast Asia throughout the 2000s. Written by distinguished experts on military affairs, the individual chapters explore developments in Burma, Thailand, the Philippines, Vietnam, East Timor, Indonesia and Singapore. They not only assess, but also offer explanations for the level of military involvement in politics in each country. Consequently, the book also makes a significant contribution to the comparative debate about militaries in politics. Whilst conditions obviously differ from country to country, most authors in this book conclude that the shape of civil-military relations is not predetermined by historic, economic or cultural factors, but is often the result of intra-civilian conflicts and divisive or ineffective political leadership.
Download or read book Paper Tigers and Minotaurs written by Moises Naim and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2013-01-25 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political and economic reform is at the top of national agendas around the world. This book based on Moises Naim's participation in the Venezuelan reform experience and as executive director at the World Bank raises questions and explores problems crucial to achieving national reform strategies. Naim's lucid analysis grapples with the problems of dealing with entrenched interests bent on derailing reform; allaying the corrosive effects of corruption and public outcry over inequitable burdens; coping with the political instability brought on by decimated public institutions; managing the impact of reforms on the military establishment; and mobilizing public support for measures as essential as they are painful. The heady days of revolution are gone and these and other dilemmas now confront besieged reform governments everywhere. The problem of managing these in the real world is the subject this book tackles.
Download or read book The Military Transition written by Narcís Serra and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-02-11 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Narcís Serra, former Spanish Minister of Defence, explains the process and conditions necessary for successful democratic military reform.
Download or read book Political Reform in Indonesia After Soeharto written by Harold A. Crouch and published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. This book was released on 2010 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three decades of authoritarian rule in Indonesia came to a sudden end in 1998. The collapse of the Soeharto regime was accompanied by massive economic decline, widespread rioting, communal conflict, and fears that the nation was approaching the brink of disintegration. Although the fall of Soeharto opened the way towards democratization, conditions were by no means propitious for political reform. This book asks how political reform could proceed despite such unpromising circumstances. It examines electoral and constitutional reform, the decentralization of a highly centralized regime, the gradual but incomplete withdrawal of the military from its deep political involvement, the launching of an anti-corruption campaign, and the achievement of peace in two provinces that had been devastated by communal violence and regional rebellion.
Download or read book The End of a Monolith written by Eugene B. Rumer and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report analyzes the conflict within the Soviet armed forces that has developed as a result of the ongoing discussions about a fundamental reorganization into an all-volunteer/professional army or a territorial militia. It follows the rapid progression of the public debate, from its inception in 1988 to the present, where it has become a key issue on the Soviet national security agenda. The author identifies the major groups involved in discussions about military reform, examines their arguments, and assesses the impact of these discussions on the Soviet military institution. He suggests that the expendability of the existing High Command could lead to a cure for the intramilitary split and an opportunity for a radical transformation of the military institution and national security decisionmaking in the Soviet Union.
Download or read book The Politics of Court Reform written by Melissa Crouch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-19 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers an analysis of the politics of court reform through a focused review of Indonesia's complex court system.
Download or read book Securing Southeast Asia written by Mark Beeson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uniquely applies the security reform agenda to Southeast Asia. It investigates recent developments in civil-military relations in the region, looking in particular at the impact and utility of the agenda on the region and assessing whether it is likely to help make the region more stable and less prone to military interventions. It provides an historical overview of the region’s civil-military relations and goes on to explore the dynamics of civil-military relations within the context of the security sector reform framework, focusing on the experiences of four of the region’s militaries: Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia. It argues that although regional militaries have not necessarily followed a ‘Western’ model, significant developments have occurred that are broadly in keeping with the security sector reform agenda, and which suggests that the prospects for stable civil-military relations are brighter than some sceptics believe.
Download or read book Military Courts Civil military Relations and the Legal Battle for Democracy written by Brett J. Kyle and published by . This book was released on 2020-12-23 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The interaction between military and civilian courts, the political power that legal prerogatives can provide to the armed forces, and the difficult process civilian politicians face in reforming military courts remain glaringly under-examined. This book fills a gap in existing scholarship by providing a theoretically rich, global examination of the operation and reform of military courts in democracies. Drawing on a newly-created global dataset, it examines trends across states and over time. Combined with deeper qualitative case studies, the book presents clear and well-justified findings that will be of interest to scholars and policymakers working in a variety of fields"--
Download or read book America Can Win written by Gary Hart and published by Adler & Adler Publishers. This book was released on 1986 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America Can Win is a powerful, nonpartisan analysis of what needs to be done to revitalize our armed forces, which have not won a major victory since the Inchon landing during the Korean War. Senator Gary Hart is co-founder of the Military Reform Caucus, a group of more than one hundred thirty senators and congressmen from both sides of the aisle whose central concern is not the size of our defense budget, but how effectively we use it. After more than four years of intensive military buildup, America Can Win takes a close look at our combat readiness and finds it woefully inadequate. Senator Hart believes the Pentagon comes up with the wrong answers because it asks the wrong questions about such vital matters as weapons, force structure, officer education, troop training, field tactics and military organization. This book calls for fundamental changes in all of these areas. - Jacket flap.
Download or read book The Sources of Military Change written by Theo Farrell and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 2002 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In varying circumstances, military organizations around the world are undergoing major restructuring. This book explores why, and how, militaries change.
