Download or read book The August Trials written by Andrew Kornbluth and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-02 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first account of the August Trials, in which postwar Poland confronted the betrayal of Jewish citizens under Nazi rule but ended up fashioning an alibi for the past. When six years of ferocious resistance to Nazi occupation came to an end in 1945, a devastated Poland could agree with its new Soviet rulers on little else beyond the need to punish German war criminals and their collaborators. Determined to root out the “many Cains among us,” as a Poznań newspaper editorial put it, Poland’s judicial reckoning spawned 32,000 trials and spanned more than a decade before being largely forgotten. Andrew Kornbluth reconstructs the story of the August Trials, long dismissed as a Stalinist travesty, and discovers that they were in fact a scrupulous search for the truth. But as the process of retribution began to unearth evidence of enthusiastic local participation in the Holocaust, the hated government, traumatized populace, and fiercely independent judiciary all struggled to salvage a purely heroic vision of the past that could unify a nation recovering from massive upheaval. The trials became the crucible in which the Communist state and an unyielding society forged a foundational myth of modern Poland but left a lasting open wound in Polish-Jewish relations. The August Trials draws striking parallels with incomplete postwar reckonings on both sides of the Iron Curtain, suggesting the extent to which ethnic cleansing and its abortive judicial accounting are part of a common European heritage. From Paris and The Hague to Warsaw and Kyiv, the law was made to serve many different purposes, even as it failed to secure the goal with which it is most closely associated: justice.
Download or read book The Polish August written by Neal Ascherson and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2011-10-28 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What has happened in Poland? Poland has erupted four times in the last twenty five years, but only the events of 1980 have had comprehensive media coverage. As a result, many questions have been raised in the minds of Western observers. How were such changes possible? What forces lay behind them? In what way did the workers' strike relate to the demands for political democracy? Although a colourful and vivid eye-witness account of the 1980 upheavals, it is to these questions that Neal Ascherson's brilliant and thoughtful analysis mainly addresses itself. Viewing the situation in perspective, he argues that the Polish working class has brought about a controlled revolution, but is not intent on taking power for itself: the real heirs to the gains of 1980 and 1981 are likely to be the intelligentsia, in or out of the Communist Party. It is this social and political ferment that poses fundamental questions about the future of the whole Soviet system in Eastern Europe.
Download or read book Polish Customs Traditions Folklore written by Sophie Hodorowicz Knab and published by . This book was released on 2024-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A richly detailed and well-informed month-by-month accounting of all the major Polish customs and traditions practiced over the centuries. Ms. Knab stirs and reawakens our ancestral memory." ―The Kosciuszko Foundation Newsletter Now in a paperback edition with illustrations, historical black and white photographs, and color photographs throughout the book! This unique, well-researched reference is arranged by month, showing the various occasions, feasts and holidays prominent in Polish culture―beginning with December it continues through Holy Week Customs, superstitions, beliefs and rituals associated with farming, Pentecost, Corpus Christi, midsummer, harvest festival, wedding rites, Name Days, birth and death. There is also a chapter on Polish pastimes and games for children. Many of the customs and traditions described in the book have been lost even in today's modern Poland. World wars, massive immigration, the loss of the oral tradition, urbanization and politics have changed the face of a once agrarian people and their way of life throughout the calendar year. The changes, however, have not been able to erase the memory of that way of life completely. Many communities of the Polish diaspora throughout the world still feel connected to Poland and choose to reenact harvest celebrations, reminding themselves of their ancestors' reverence for the grains and gifts of bread. The sharing of oplatek, the Christmas Eve wafer, and the words of love while doing so, continue to bind family and friends together. Although the purpose and meaning may have been lost and forgotten, the oczepiny ceremony (the unveiling) is still the mainstay of almost every wedding where the bride declares Polish heritage. This invaluable resource is perfect for anyone who claims Polish ancestry, diligently practicing that which they learned at their parents' and grandparents' knees. It is for families who wish to teach Polish heritage and customs to their children, and for anyone seeking to learn more about their Slavic roots.
Download or read book The Polish August written by Neal Ascherson and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Empowering Revolution written by Gregory F. Domber and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2014-10-06 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the most populous country in Eastern Europe as well as the birthplace of the largest anticommunist dissident movement, Poland is crucial in understanding the end of the Cold War. During the 1980s, both the United States and the Soviet Union vied for influence over Poland's politically tumultuous steps toward democratic revolution. In this groundbreaking history, Gregory F. Domber examines American policy toward Poland and its promotion of moderate voices within the opposition, while simultaneously addressing the Soviet and European influences on Poland's revolution in 1989. With a cast including Reagan, Gorbachev, and Pope John Paul II, Domber charts American support of anticommunist opposition groups--particularly Solidarity, the underground movement led by future president Lech Wa&322;&281;sa--and highlights the transnational network of Polish emigres and trade unionists that kept the opposition alive. Utilizing archival research and interviews with Polish and American government officials and opposition leaders, Domber argues that the United States empowered a specific segment of the Polish opposition and illustrates how Soviet leaders unwittingly fostered radical, pro-democratic change through their policies. The result is fresh insight into the global impact of the Polish pro-democracy movement.
Download or read book U S Intelligence and the Confrontation in Poland 1980 1981 written by Douglas J. MacEachin and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the U.S. government's sophisticated intelligence capabilities, policy makers repeatedly seemed to be caught off guard when major crises took place during the Cold War. Were these surprises the result of inadequate information, or rather the use made of the information available? In seeking an answer to this question, former CIA analyst Douglas MacEachin carefully examines the crisis in Poland during 1980-81 to determine what information the U.S. government had about Soviet preparations for military intervention and the Polish regime's plans for martial law, and what prevented that information from being effectively employed Drawing on his experience in intelligence reporting at the time, as well as on recently declassified U.S. documents and materials from Soviet, Polish, and other Eastern European archives, MacEachin contrasts what was known then with what is known now, and seeks to explain why, despite the evidence available to them, U.S. policy makers did not take the threat of a crackdown seriously enough to prevent it. It was the mind-set of those who processed the information, not the lack or accuracy of information, that was the fundamental problem, MacEachin argues. By highlighting this cognitive obstacle, his analysis points the way toward developing practices to overcome it in the future.
Download or read book The Polish Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Polish Handbook 1925 written by Francis Bauer Czarnomski and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polish Style in the Music of Johann Sebastian Bach written by Szymon Paczkowski and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2017-03-21 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now appearing in an English translation, this book by Szymon Paczkowski is the first in-depth exploration of the Polish style in the music of Johann Sebastian Bach. Bach spent almost thirty years living and working in Leipzig in Saxony, a country ruled by Friedrich August I and his son Friedrich August II, who were also kings of Poland (as August II and August III). This period of close Polish-Saxon relations left a significant imprint on Bach’s music. Paczkowski’s meticulous account of this complex political and cultural dynamic sheds new light on many of Bach’s familiar pieces. The book explores the semantic and rhetorical functions that undergird the symbolism of the Polish style in Baroque music. It demonstrates how the notion of a Polish style in music was developed in German music theory, and conjectures that Bach’s successful application for the title of Court Composer at the court of the Elector of Saxony and King of Poland would induce the composer to deliberately use elements of the Polish style. This comprehensive study of the way Bach used the Polish style in his music moves beyond technical analysis to place the pieces within the context of Baroque customs and discourse. This ambitious and inspiring study is an original contribution to the scholarly conversation concerning Bach’s music, focusing on the symbolism of the polonaise, the most popular and recognizable Polish dance in 18th-century Saxony. In Saxony at this time the polonaise was associated with the ceremonies of the royal-electoral court in Dresden, and Saxon musicians regarded it as a musical symbol of royalty. Paczkowski explores this symbolism of the Polish royal dance in Bach’s instrumental music and, which is also to be found to an even greater extent, in his vocal works. The Polish Style in the Music of Johann Sebastian Bach provides wide-ranging interpretations based on a careful analysis of the sources explored within historical and theological context. The book is a valuable source for both teaching and further research, and will find readers not only among musicologists, but also historians, art historians, and readers in cultural studies. All lovers of Bach’s music will appreciate this lucid and intriguing study.
Download or read book Polish Orphans of Tengeru written by Lynne Taylor and published by Dundurn. This book was released on 2009-12-14 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1949, about 123 Polish Displaced Persons orphans were brought to Canada from East Africa as part of the settlement of the postwar DP crisis. The situation became an international incident when Warsaw protested that the International Refugee Organization was kidnapping these children to use as slave labour on Canadian farms and factories.
Download or read book Polish Revolution written by Timothy Garton Ash and published by . This book was released on 1998-09 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timothy Garton Ash was with the strikers in the Lenin Shipyard in Gdansk in August 1980 when the trade union Solidarity was born, in opposition to the Communist government. He witnessed their bravery and defiance and the emergence of an improbable leader and hero in the country's future president, Lech Walesa. This text recreates the ideals and terrors of that time, and exposes the mechanics of oppression of the communist regime.
Download or read book Report Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Antiquarian Society October 1821 written by American Antiquarian Society and published by . This book was released on 1876 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polish Economist written by and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The New Russia written by and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication includes the continuation of "Bulletins of the Russian liberation committee" under the heading "Facts and documents".
Download or read book Official Journal written by League of Nations and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 1010 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Included are the Minutes (or Procès-verbal) of the Council from its first meeting, Paris, January 16, 1920, to the session, ; the budget for the 3d- financial period (1921- ) in 1920, no. 7, 1921, no. 9, 1923- no. 1 of each year; statements of the "Present situations as regards international engagements registered with the Secretariat"; Saar Basin, periodical and other reports and papers; reports on the financial reconstruction of Austria, and of Hungary; and many other reports and papers.
Download or read book Literary Digest written by and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 1532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
