Download or read book The Physics of Ternary Graphite Intercalation Compounds written by S. A. Solin and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Superconducting Properties of Ternary Graphite Intercalation Compounds written by Alison Chaiken and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Graphite Intercalation Compounds I written by Hartmut Zabel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The progress of materials science depends on the development of novel materials and the development of novel experimental techniques. The research on graphite intercalation compounds combines both aspects: new compounds with strikingly new and anisotropic properties have been synthesized and analyzed during the past couple of years by means of state-of-the-art experimental methods. At the same time, the preparation of the compounds already known has improved con siderably, giving increased reliability and reproducibility of the experimental results. The high quality experimental data now available have stimulated theo retical work. Moreover, the theoretical work has had a great impact on further experimental studies, with the effect of a much improved understanding of this class of materials. This volume is dedicated to a thorough description of all relevant experimen tal and theoretical aspects of the structural and dynamical properties of graphite intercalation compounds. Because of the large number of topics, a second vol ume, which is now in preparation, will follow and will treat the electronic, transport, magnetic, and optical properties. The second volume will also contain a chapter on applications of graphite intercalation compounds. There have been a number of reviews written on selected aspects of these compounds in various journals and conference proceedings during the last couple of years, but this is the first comprehensive review since the thorough overview provided by M.S. Dresselhaus and G. Dresselhaus appeared ten years ago.
Download or read book Graphite Intercalation Compounds and Applications written by Toshiaki Enoki and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-03-27 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Graphite intercalation compounds are a new class of electronic materials that are classified as graphite-based host guest systems. They have specific structural features based on the alternating stacking of graphite and guest intercalate sheets. The electronic structures show two-dimensional metallic properties with a large variety of features including superconductivity. They are also interesting from the point of two-dimensional magnetic systems. This book presents the synthesis, crystal structures, phase transitions, lattice dynamics, electronic structures, electron transport properties, magnetic properties, surface phenomena, and applications of graphite intercalation compounds. The applications covered include batteries, highly conductive graphite fibers, exfoliated graphite and intercalated fullerenes and nanotubes.
Download or read book Chemical Physics of Intercalation written by A.P. Legrand and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conjugated polymers suoh as polyaoetylene (CH)x polyphenylene (C6H4)x' poly thiophene (C4H2S)x' etc., which are insulators in their pristine state, can be brought to the metallic state after "doping" with ohemioal speoies whioh oan be either eleotron donors or I aoceptors. . This doping prooess involves a oharge transfer between the dopant moleoule and the polymer ohain whioh are then supposed to be spatially olose to each other. It follows that the meohanism of doping must be oonsidered as an aotual interoalation process, which will greatly affeot the struotural oharacteristios of the starting material, as well as its morphology, as has been observed during the 2 intercalation of graphite and layered compounds . In parallel with these modifioations, the band struoture of the system changes yielding a new set of eleotronio properties. It is evident therefore that the struotural and eleotronio properties are intimately related, and must be studied simultaneously in the same system to give reliable information. A great number of studies have been devoted to the structural and electronic properties of conjugated polymers after a chemical or 2 electrochemical doping process . Most of these concern the properties of the system for a given dopant concentration. With this approach a universal pioture of the polymer/dopant system is very diffioult to obtain, as a comparison between different experiments is very hazardous. On the other hand, only a small number of measurements have been performed during the continuous electroohemioal doping of various polymers.
Download or read book Optical and Structural Studies of Binary and Tenary Graphite Intercalation Compounds written by Gary Lynn Doll and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Graphite Intercalation Compounds II written by Hartmut Zabel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research on graphite intercalation compounds often acts as a forerunner for research in other sciences. For instance, the concept of staging, which is fundamental to graphite intercalation compounds, is also relevant to surface science in connection with adsorbates on metal surfaces and to high-temperature superconducting oxide layer materials. Phonon-folding and mode-splitting effects are not only basic to graphite intercalation compounds but also to polytypical systems such as supercon ductors, superlattices, and metal and semiconductor superlattices. Charge transfer effects playa tremendously important role in many areas, and they can be most easily and fundamentally studied with intercalated graphite. This list could be augmented with many more examples. The important message, however, is that graphite inter calation compounds represent a class of materials that not only can be used for testing a variety of condensed-matter concepts, but also stimulates new ideas and approaches. This volume is the second of a two-volume set. The first volume addressed the structural and dynamical aspects of graphite intercalation compounds, together with the chemistry and intercalation of new compounds. This second volume provides an up-to-date status report from expert researchers on the transport, magnetic, elec tronic and optical properties ofthis unique class of materials. The band-structure cal culations of the various donor and acceptor compounds are discussed in depth, and detailed reviews are provided ofthe experimental verification ofthe electronic struc ture in terms of their photoemission spectra and optical properties.
Download or read book Chemical Physics of Intercalation II written by Patrick Bernier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a record of the second ASI on the subject "Chemical Physics of Intercalation", which was patterned after its highly successful July 1987 predecessor. A growing community of chemists, physicists and materials scientists has come to appreciate the utility of extending the intercalation concept to generic guest-host compounds and solid solutions. The unifying themes are the complex phase equilibria which result from the competition between repulsive and attractive interactions between and within the guest and host substructures, the tunability of properties by control of guest concentration and superlattice periodicity, and the broad spectrum of potential applications which these materials may provide. The success of this initiative may be judged by noting the enlarged scope of materials covered in this volume as compared to its predecessor. The present volume covers the spectrum from 3-dimensional oxides, 2-dimensional classical layer intercalates,- dimensional doped polymers and zero-dimensional doped fullerene lattices. Hybrid systems such as polymers in layer hosts and nonporous hosts are also treated. Several chapters provide global unifying viewpoints by focussing on sold state chemical aspects, transport and optical properties, the occurrence of superconductivity, etc.
Download or read book Ternary Graphite Intercalation Compounds for the Reversible Storage of Alkali Ions in Electrochemical Cells written by Birte Andrea Jache and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Graphite intercalation compounds written by Hartmut Zabel and published by Springer My Copy UK. This book was released on 1990-07-30 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the basic physics and chemistry of graphite intercalation compounds. Emphasis is laid on the layered or quasi-two-dimensional structure of these compounds, which provides an exciting arena for testing physical concepts in lower dimensions. The chapters in this volume, all of which have been written by internationally recognized experts in the field, cover the following topics: the structure and phase transitions of intercalate atoms and molecules in graphite, the physics of staging formation and staging transitions, the lattice dynamics of these compounds as determined by inelastic neutron scattering and optical methods, the diffusivity of the guest species, mesoscopic properties such as domain structures and stacking arrangements, and the synthesis of new compounds. The reviews provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of the field of two- dimensional physics.
Download or read book Optical Properties of Alkali Metal Binary and Ternary Graphite Intercalation Compounds written by Ming Hong Yang and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Graphite Intercalation Compounds written by M. S. Dresselhaus and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Graphite Intercalation Compounds II written by Hartmut Zabel and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Computational and Experimental Studies of Ternary Intercalation Compounds of Graphite written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Graphite Intercalation Compounds II written by Hartmut Zabel and published by Springer. This book was released on 1992-08-13 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research on graphite intercalation compounds often acts as a forerunner for research in other sciences. For instance, the concept of staging, which is fundamental to graphite intercalation compounds, is also relevant to surface science in connection with adsorbates on metal surfaces and to high-temperature superconducting oxide layer materials. Phonon-folding and mode-splitting effects are not only basic to graphite intercalation compounds but also to polytypical systems such as supercon ductors, superlattices, and metal and semiconductor superlattices. Charge transfer effects playa tremendously important role in many areas, and they can be most easily and fundamentally studied with intercalated graphite. This list could be augmented with many more examples. The important message, however, is that graphite inter calation compounds represent a class of materials that not only can be used for testing a variety of condensed-matter concepts, but also stimulates new ideas and approaches. This volume is the second of a two-volume set. The first volume addressed the structural and dynamical aspects of graphite intercalation compounds, together with the chemistry and intercalation of new compounds. This second volume provides an up-to-date status report from expert researchers on the transport, magnetic, elec tronic and optical properties ofthis unique class of materials. The band-structure cal culations of the various donor and acceptor compounds are discussed in depth, and detailed reviews are provided ofthe experimental verification ofthe electronic struc ture in terms of their photoemission spectra and optical properties.
Download or read book Superconducting Intercalated Graphite written by Nicolas Emerya and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery in 2005 of superconductivity in YbC6 and CaC6, with substantially higher critical temperatures than the previously observed among the family of the graphite intercalation compounds, has largely renewed the interest for these well known lamellar compounds. Indeed, these critical temperatures reach 6.5 and 11.5 K respectively for ytterbium- and calcium-graphite phases. It was consequently interesting to collect all the informations concerning the superconductivity of these compounds from the discovery of this phenomenon observed in the heavy alkali metals graphite intercalation compounds in 1965, insisting particularly on the recent advances in this research field. After a general introduction that describes all the carbon materials, which are extremely various with dimensionalities varying from 3 to 0, leading to their large aptitude for the insertion/intercalation reactions, the authors widely developed the case of graphite: chemical bonds, crystal and electronic structures, anisotropy and ability to become a host structure. The authors insist on its strong anisotropy of chemical reactivity that allows the synthesis of very numerous intercalation compounds. The distinctive features of the intercalation reaction into graphite are reviewed (systematic charge transfer, staging, etc...) and are particularly developed in the case of the donor-type intercalation compounds, among which is precisely observed the superconductivity. For the latter, the various synthesis methods are successively described, showing the best route to use in order to obtain each type of compound. Then the authors review with detail the binary compounds, emphasising their distinctive crystal and electronic structures and also their transport properties. The authors describe the superconductivity of all the compounds belonging to this family and show this property. In the last part, the authors compare these superconducting binary intercalated graphite compounds with other lamellar superconductor: magnesium diboride. The ternary compounds are then studied, and the poly-layered nature of their intercalated sheets is given special attention. Their distinctive electronic structure is presented and their superconducting properties are described.
Download or read book Novel Ternary Graphite Intercalation Compounds of Alkali Metal Cations and Amines written by Tosapol Maluangont and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel ternary graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) of alkali metal cations and a wide variety of amines have been synthesized by one-pot chemical syntheses. Alkali metals studied includes Li, Na and K. The families of amines employed are nalkylamines, branched alkylamines, and different structural isomers of diamines and polyamines. Intragallery structures of the amine co-intercalates residing between the graphene sheets are proposed based on powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), supplemented by compositional analyses, thermal analyses, and structure optimization when appropriate. A homologous series of M-n-alkylamine-GICs (M = Na, Li) is reported for the first time, with the n-alkylamines of 3-14 carbon atoms (nC3-nC14). The following new GICs with indicated stages and intercalate arrangements are obtained: stage 1, d[subscript i] ~ 0.70 nm, monolayer (nC3, nC4); stage 1, d[subscript i]~ 1.10 nm, bilayer (nC6, nC8); and stage 2, d[subscript i] ~ 1.10 nm, bilayer (nC12, nC14). Here d[subscript i] is the gallery height. Two features new to donor-type GICs found are (i) an intercalate bilayer arrangement with guest alkyl chains parallel to encasing graphene layers, and (ii) the transition from an intercalate bilayer to monolayer arrangement upon evacuation for nC6. GICs containing branched alkylamines co-intercalates are prepared and their intragallery structures compared to those of selected n-alkylamines. A notable difference is observed for amines with 4 carbon atoms. While the linear n-butylamine forms parallel monolayers (d[subscript i] ~ 0.70 nm), the branched analogs (iso-butylamine and sec-butylamine) instead form bilayers with d[subscript i] ~ 1.30 nm. This result contrasts with the general observation that more sterically-hindered intercalates tend to intercalate at lower concentrations. This structural difference is not observed, however, between npropylamine and iso-propylamine (d[subscript i] ~ 0.70 and 0.76 nm respectively). A rare example of a ternary GIC exhibiting cation-directed orientation of the diamine co-intercalate (1,2-diaminopropane, 12DAP) is reported. Depending on the cation M, this diamine can exhibit either perpendicular (M = Li, d[subscript i] ~ 0.81 nm), parallel (M = K, d[subscript i] ~ 0.70 nm) or a tilted orientation (M = Na, d[subscript i] ~ 0.75 nm). Interestingly, the gallery expansions increase as the cationic radii decrease. The structural effect of the diamines is systematically investigated, employing diamines with different alkyl chain lengths, different positions of an -NH2 group, and different -CH3 substituent patterns. The first example of a monolayer perpendicularto- parallel transition in a GIC is reported for Li- ethylenediamine (EN)-GIC, with the respective change in d[subscript i] from 0.85 to 0.68 nm. The sodium analog, Na-EN-GIC, is also prepared and described. We also report quaternary compounds of mixed cations (Li, Na)-12DAP-GIC and mixed amines Na-(EN,12DAP)-GIC. Ternary graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) of alkali metals and polyamines are prepared. Structural modifications similar to the diamines indicated above are also observed for polyamine intercalates. The polyamines studied include diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, N, N, N', N', N'- pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, and tris(2-aminoethyl)amine. Most of the new GICs have amine intercalates in parallel orientation (d[subscript i] ~ 0.76-0.86 nm for monolayers, and 1.13 nm for bilayers), though the GIC stage numbers depend on the size of the polyamine. In contrast, the star-shaped polyamine tris(2-aminoethyl)amine shows a perpendicular monolayer orientation with d[subscript i] ~ 1.06 nm.
