Download or read book The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr Volume VI written by Clarence Mitchell Jr. and published by Ohio University Press. This book was released on 2022-08-16 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Civil Rights Act of 1960 aimed to close loopholes in its 1957 predecessor that had allowed continued voter disenfranchisement for African Americans and for Mexicans in Texas. In early 1959, the newly seated Eighty-Sixth Congress had four major civil rights bills under consideration. Eventually consolidated into the 1960 Civil Rights Act, their purpose was to correct the weaknesses in the 1957 law. Mitchell’s papers from 1959 to 1960 show the extent to which congressional resistance to the passage of meaningful civil rights laws contributed to the lunch counter sit-ins in Greensboro, North Carolina, and to subsequent demonstrations. The papers reveal how the repercussions of these events affected the NAACP’s work in Washington and how, despite their dislike of demonstrations, NAACP officials used them to intensify the civil rights struggle. Among the act’s seven titles were provisions authorizing federal inspection of local voter registration rolls and penalties for anyone attempting to interfere with voters on the basis of race or color. The law extended the powers of the US Commission on Civil Rights and broadened the legal definition of the verb to vote to encompass all elements of the process: registering, casting a ballot, and properly counting that ballot. Ultimately, Mitchell considered the 1960 act unsuccessful because Congress had failed to include key amendments that would have further strengthened the 1957 act. In the House, representatives used parliamentary tactics to stall employment protections, school desegregation, poll-tax elimination, and other meaningful civil rights reforms. The fight would continue. The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr. series is a detailed record of the NAACP leader’s success in bringing the legislative branch together with the judicial and executive branches to provide civil rights protections during the twentieth century.
Download or read book Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr Volume IV written by Clarence Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Papers written by Clarence M. Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr written by Clarence Maurice Mitchell (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr 1954 1960 written by Clarence Maurice Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr Volume V written by Clarence Mitchell Jr. and published by Ohio University Press. This book was released on 2022-08-02 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume V of The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr. records the successful effort to pass the 1957 Civil Rights Act: the first federal civil rights legislation since 1875. Prior to the US Supreme Court’s landmark 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, the NAACP had faced an impenetrable wall of opposition from southerners in Congress. Basing their assertions on the court’s 1896 “separate but equal” decision in Plessy v. Ferguson, legislators from the South maintained that their Jim Crow system was nondiscriminatory and thus constitutional. In their view, further civil rights laws were unnecessary. In ruling that legally mandated segregation of public schools was unconstitutional, the Brown decision demolished the southerners’ argument. Mitchell then launched the decisive stage of the struggle to pass modern civil rights laws. The passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1957 was the first comprehensive lobbying campaign by an organization dedicated to that purpose since Reconstruction. Coming on the heels of the Brown decision, the 1957 law was a turning point in the struggle to accord Black citizens full equality under the Constitution. The act’s passage, however, was nearly derailed in the Senate by southern opposition and Senator Strom Thurmond’s record-setting filibuster, which lasted more than twenty-four hours. Congress later weakened several provisions of the act but—crucially—it broke a psychological barrier to the legislative enactment of such measures. The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr. is a detailed record of the NAACP leader’s success in bringing the legislative branch together with the judicial and executive branches to provide civil rights protections during the twentieth century.
Download or read book The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr 1946 1954 written by Clarence Maurice Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr 1951 1954 written by Clarence Maurice Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr 1944 1946 written by Clarence Maurice Mitchell and published by Ohio University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clarence Mitchell Jr. was the driving force in the struggle for civil rights in America. Volumes I and II, part of the projected five-volume The Papers of Clarence Mitchell Jr., document Mitchell's crucial role during the Roosevelt years of getting the Congress to join the courts and the president in upholding the Constitutional rights of all Americans.
Download or read book The Papers of Clarence Mitchell written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interview of Clarence Mitchell by Thomas H Baker April 30 1969 written by Clarence Maurice Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Statement by Clarence M Mitchell Jr United States Representative in Plenary in Exercise of Right of Reply October 6 1975 written by Clarence Maurice Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Choice written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Statement by Clarence M Mitchell Jr United States Representative in Plenary on Charter Review December 15 1975 written by Clarence Maurice Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Letters from Clarence Mitchell to His Parents written by Clarence Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Description: Three holograph letters from Clarence Mitchell to his parents, Mr. and Mrs. John W. Mitchell, in New York City. One letter is written from Rio de Janiero and dated 23 March. The second letter is written from Sacramento City and dated 10 Sept. The third letter is written from North Fork Dry Diggings, Auburn, California and dated 19 Nov.
Download or read book Transcript of Statement by Clarence M Mitchell Jr United States Representative in the Special Political Committee on Apartheid October 23 1975 written by Clarence Maurice Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Documentary Editing written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
