Download or read book The Oceanic Response to Atmospheric Forcing in the Western Equatorial Pacific written by Qian Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate Extremes written by S.-Y. Simon Wang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-06-15 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although we are seeing more weather and climate extremes, individual extreme events are very diverse and generalization of trends is difficult. For example, mid-latitude and subtropical climate extremes such as heat waves, hurricanes and droughts have increased, and could have been caused by processes including arctic amplification, jet stream meandering, and tropical expansion. This volume documents various climate extreme events and associated changes that have been analyzed through diagnostics, modeling, and statistical approaches. The identification of patterns and mechanisms can aid the prediction of future extreme events. Volume highlights include: Compilation of processes and mechanisms unique to individual weather and climate extreme events Discussion of climate model performance in terms of simulating high-impact weather and climate extremes Summary of various existing theories, including controversial ones, on how climate extremes will continue to become stronger and more frequent Climate Extremes: Patterns and Mechanisms is a valuable resource for scientists and graduate students in the fields of geophysics, climate physics, natural hazards, and environmental science. Read an interview with the editors to find out more: https://eos.org/editors-vox/how-does-changing-climate-bring-more-extreme-events
Download or read book Understanding the Role of Stochastic Atmospheric Forcing in Tropical Pacific Decadal Variability and ENSO Modulation written by Tianyi Sun (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interdecadal variability of the tropical Pacific affects global hydroclimate and ecosystem and is suggested to modulate global mean temperature in the past century. It has been long acknowledged that Pacific decadal variability can be generated in the extratropics through integration of stochastic atmospheric forcing by the ocean mixed layer. However, it remains unclear how the extratropical signal propagates into the tropical Pacific and forms a basin-wide anomaly pattern and how the resultant tropical Pacific decadal variability (TPDV) interacts with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the dominant mode of interannual climate variability. To answer this question, a suite of climate model experiments is conducted with small time-invariant surface heat flux anomalies associated with the leading atmospheric modes in the extratropical South and North Pacific. The results show that subtropical ocean-atmosphere anomalies driven by the surface heat flux forcing propagate into the tropical Pacific mainly through thermodynamic ocean-atmosphere interactions, with ocean dynamics playing an important role in modifying the equatorial sea surface temperature (SST) response. The associated changes in the tropical Pacific mean state not only extend climate anomalies into the other hemisphere through atmospheric teleconnections, but also significantly affect the properties of ENSO. In particular, the ENSO-like TPDV affects the relative frequency of El Niño and La Niña. To investigate the causality and mechanism of this linkage, a separate set of climate model experiments is conducted by imposing surface heat flux anomalies associated with the ENSO-like TPDV in the tropical Pacific. The forced mean state change affects the frequency of El Niño and La Niña events by modulating the SST contrast between the tropical Pacific and the Indian/Atlantic Oceans and associated zonal wind anomalies in the western Pacific. This study presents in detail the atmospheric and oceanic mechanisms by which extratropical atmospheric forcing induces basin-wide coherent patterns of TPDV that can further affect ENSO characteristics, which has not been systematically studied in fully coupled climate models. The results also show that the tropical Pacific is more strongly influenced by the South Pacific through both thermodynamic processes and ocean dynamics. The strong oceanic linkage to the South Pacific allows delayed negative oceanic feedback to effectively affect the equatorial Pacific SST, which may be important for setting up the time scales of TPDV
Download or read book The Climatological Seasonal Response of the Ocean Mixed Layer in the Equatorial and Tropical Pacific Ocean written by Harry J. Ries and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seasonal changes of mixed layer depth (MLD) can be related to the forcing by the net surface heating and wind speed. This is shown in this study by comparing the monthly mixed layer depth from temperature profiles in the Bauer-Robinson Numerical Atlas with monthly net surface heating and wind speed obtained from the Weare Marine Climatic Atlas of the Tropical Pacific Ocean. Using a conceptual model based on mixed layer physics, ocean response and atmospheric forcing are examined using the Obukhov mixing length. A pattern in the seasonal variation of upwelling along the Equator is also examined. The model links the atmospheric and oceanic climatologies through the derived MLD (oceanic data) and Obukhov mixing lengths (forcing data). The results show a high degree of pattern similarity between the seasonal response of the ocean and the seasonal changes in atmospheric forcing. The pattern of seasonal influence on MLD at the Equator is very weak in comparison to that of the tropics and sub-tropics. Keywords: Ocean models; Atmosphere models; Equatorial regions; Mixed layer marine; Air water interactions; Theses. (EDC).
Download or read book El Ni o Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate written by Michael J. McPhaden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-11-24 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive and up-to-date information on Earth’s most dominant year-to-year climate variation The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean has major worldwide social and economic consequences through its global scale effects on atmospheric and oceanic circulation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and other natural systems. Ongoing climate change is projected to significantly alter ENSO's dynamics and impacts. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate presents the latest theories, models, and observations, and explores the challenges of forecasting ENSO as the climate continues to change. Volume highlights include: Historical background on ENSO and its societal consequences Review of key El Niño (ENSO warm phase) and La Niña (ENSO cold phase) characteristics Mathematical description of the underlying physical processes that generate ENSO variations Conceptual framework for understanding ENSO changes on decadal and longer time scales, including the response to greenhouse gas forcing ENSO impacts on extreme ocean, weather, and climate events, including tropical cyclones, and how ENSO affects fisheries and the global carbon cycle Advances in modeling, paleo-reconstructions, and operational climate forecasting Future projections of ENSO and its impacts Factors influencing ENSO events, such as inter-basin climate interactions and volcanic eruptions The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book from this Q&A with the editors.
Download or read book The Climatological Seasonal Response of the Ocean Mixed Layer in the Equatorial and Tropical Pacific Ocean written by Harry J Ries (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seasonal changes of mixed layer depth (MLD) can be related to the forcing by the net surface heating and wind speed. This is shown in this study by comparing the monthly mixed layer depth from temperature profiles in the Bauer-Robinson Numerical Atlas with monthly net surface heating and wind speed obtained from the Weare Marine Climatic Atlas of the Tropical Pacific Ocean. Using a conceptual model based on mixed layer physics, ocean response and atmospheric forcing are examined using the Obukhov mixing length. A pattern in the seasonal variation of upwelling along the Equator is also examined. The model links the atmospheric and oceanic climatologies through the derived MLD (oceanic data) and Obukhov mixing lengths (forcing data). The results show a high degree of pattern similarity between the seasonal response of the ocean and the seasonal changes in atmospheric forcing. The pattern of seasonal influence on MLD at the Equator is very weak in comparison to that of the tropics and sub-tropics. Keywords: Ocean models; Atmosphere models; Equatorial regions; Mixed layer marine; Air water interactions; Theses. (EDC).
Download or read book PEQUOD written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coral Reefs of the Eastern Tropical Pacific written by Peter W. Glynn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents and examines the state of health of coral reefs in the eastern tropical Pacific region. It touches on the occurrence of coral reefs in the waters of surrounding countries, and it explores their biogeography, biodiversity and condition relative to the El Niño southern oscillation and human impacts. Additionally contained within is a field that presents information on many of the species presented in the preceding chapters.
Download or read book Tropical Ocean atmosphere Newsletter written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interacting Climates of Ocean Basins written by Carlos R. Mechoso and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of interactions between the climates of different ocean basins and their key contributions to global climate variability and change. Providing essential theory and discussing outstanding examples as well as impacts on monsoons, it a useful resource for graduate students and researchers in the atmospheric and ocean sciences.
Download or read book Hydrodynamics of the Equatorial Ocean written by J.C.J. Nihoul and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1983-05-01 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrodynamics of the Equatorial Ocean
Download or read book An Introduction to the Dynamics of El Nino and the Southern Oscillation written by Allan J. Clarke and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-01-28 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many scientists either working on the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) problem or its many applications have not been trained in both the equatorial ocean and atmospheric dynamics necessary to understand it. This book seeks to overcome this difficulty by providing a step by step introduction to ENSO, helping the upper level graduate student or research scientist to learn quickly the ENSO basics and be up to date with the latest ENSO research. The text assumes that the reader has a knowledge of the equations of fluid mechanics on a rotating earth and emphasizes the observations and simple physical explanations of them. Following a history of ENSO and a discussion of ENSO observations in Chapters 1 and 2, Chapters 3-5 consider relevant equatorial ocean dynamics, Chapters 6 and 9 relevant atmospheric dynamics, and Chapters 7 and 8 the main paradigms for how the Pacific Ocean and atmosphere couple together to produce ENSO. Chapter 8 also discusses the old mystery of why ENSO tends to be locked in phase with the seasonal cycle. Successful dynamical and statistical approaches to ENSO prediction are discussed in Chapters 10 and 11 while Chapter 12 concludes the book with examples of how ENSO influences marine and bird life. Quick reference guide and step by step introduction to El Niño/Southern Oscillation dynamics Keep informed and up to date on El Niño/Southern Oscillation research and how El Niño and the Southern Oscillation can be predicted Understand how El Niño can affect marine and bird life
Download or read book Climate Change Multidecadal And Beyond written by Chih-pei Chang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-08-06 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on two major challenges in the climate sciences: 1) to describe the decadal-to-centennial variations in instrumental and proxy records; and 2) to distinguish between anthropogenic variations and natural variability. The National Taiwan University invited some of the world's leading experts across the areas of observational analysis, mathematical theory, and modeling to discuss these two issues. The outcome of the meeting is the 23 chapters in this book that review the state of the art in theoretical, observational and modeling research on internal, unforced and externally forced climate variability. The main conclusion of this research is that internal climate variability on decadal and longer time scales is so large that sidestepping it may lead to false estimates of the climate's sensitivity to anthropogenic forcing.World Scientific Series on Asia-Pacific Weather and Climate is indexed in SCOPUS.
Download or read book Sources of Uncertainty in the Tropical Pacific Warming Pattern under Global Warming Projected by Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Models written by Jun Ying and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-06 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the sources of uncertainty in future model projections of the tropical Pacific SST warming pattern under global warming. It mainly focuses on cloud radiation feedback and ocean dynamical effect, which reveal to be the two greatest sources of uncertainty in the tropical Pacific SST warming pattern. Moreover, the book presents a correction for model projections of the tropical Pacific SST warming pattern based on the concept of “observational constraints”; the corrected projection exhibits a more El Niño-like warming pattern.
Download or read book Interactions Between the North Pacific Ocean and the Northern Hemisphere Atmosphere During El Ni o written by Michael Adam Alexander and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book El Nino La Nina and the Southern Oscillation written by S. George Philander and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1989-12-14 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El Nino and the Southern Oscillation is by far the most striking phenomenon caused by the interplay of ocean and atmosphere. It can be explained neither in strictly oceanographic nor strictly meteorological terms. This volume provides a brief history of the subject, summarizes the oceanographic and meteorological observations and theories, and discusses the recent advances in computer modeling studies of the phenomenon. Includes a comprehensive and up-to-date research survey Discusses in detail sophisticated computer models Provides a clear exposition of the major problems which prevent more accurate predictions of El Nino
Download or read book Equatorial Oceanic Response to Forcing on Time Scales from Days to Months written by Benjamin S. Giese and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
