Download or read book The Neuron in Context written by Vanessa Lux and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multivariate Statistical Machine Learning Methods for Genomic Prediction written by Osval Antonio Montesinos López and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-14 with total page 707 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license This open access book brings together the latest genome base prediction models currently being used by statisticians, breeders and data scientists. It provides an accessible way to understand the theory behind each statistical learning tool, the required pre-processing, the basics of model building, how to train statistical learning methods, the basic R scripts needed to implement each statistical learning tool, and the output of each tool. To do so, for each tool the book provides background theory, some elements of the R statistical software for its implementation, the conceptual underpinnings, and at least two illustrative examples with data from real-world genomic selection experiments. Lastly, worked-out examples help readers check their own comprehension.The book will greatly appeal to readers in plant (and animal) breeding, geneticists and statisticians, as it provides in a very accessible way the necessary theory, the appropriate R code, and illustrative examples for a complete understanding of each statistical learning tool. In addition, it weighs the advantages and disadvantages of each tool.
Download or read book The Neuron in Context written by Vanessa Lux and published by Springer. This book was released on 2024-04-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroscience has largely abandoned its localizationist and mechanistic framework of the 20th century. The plastic, embodied, and network character of our nervous system is widely acknowledged and systems theory approaches to consciousness dominate the field. However, the underlying neuron theory has not changed. The neuron doctrine, conceptualizing the single neuron as atomistic, one-directional source of neural function, still provides the template for our understanding of these basic elements of our nervous system and the material foundation of consciousness. Yet, the single neuron does not exist as an isolated unit. It is embedded within multiple cellular, structural, and functional contexts, and highly depends on them for its development, neural activity, and survival. The book discusses the constraints of the neuron doctrine and its pragmatic reductionism in the light of the growing knowledge about the brain’s connectivity, plasticity, and systemic and embodied nature. To overcome these constraints, the author argues for a new neuron theory, depicting the neuron as bidirectional hub which is at the same time source and product of neural function. This bidirectionality is further characterized by spatial and time dimensions, placing the neuron within a multi-level pathway model of psychobiological development from the perspective of Developmental Embodiment Research. Furthermore, the author discusses the potential of neuroepigenetic markers to characterize the neuron and its range of plasticity within this developmental perspective.With its focus on neuroepigenetics, the book addresses a knowledge gap in the current study of the neural foundations of psychological functions. The multi-level and bidirectional perspective is already realized in approaches coming from developmental systems theory, which model neural function at the connectome level, and it also fits with approaches investigating feedback loops underlying neural activity at the single cell level. At both these levels, the spatial and the time dimensions are well characterized, either as changing connectivity patterns across different age groups, or as synaptic feedback loops underlying neural activation patterns. However, for the intermediate level of small neural populations, which is currently the main target for studies investigating the neural basis of specific psychological functions, this characterization turned out to be more challenging. Multi-cell recordings have provided a first glimpse into the complex interaction patterns of these small neural networks, but they are limited to the recording period and do not provide information about the long-term developmental and activation history. Here, neuroepigenetic markers could be of use. Due to their relative stability and, at the same time, environmental sensitivity, neuroepigenetic markers represent an additional layer of information in which, to a certain degree, the cell’s metabolic and activation history is aggregated over time. This information is available at the single neuron level but could also be modeled as aggregated information for small neural populations and the supporting cellular context. Looking through this “epigenetic lens” adds to our understanding of the neuron as bidirectional hub by emphasizing the molecular correlates of functional stabilization and their contextual prerequisites. These prerequisites reach from the immediate cellular context to the social-cultural contexts which shape the culturally specific modes of acquisition of psychological functions throughout the lifespan. Accounting for this multilayered contextuality of the neuron and its function affords to repositions the relationship between neuroscience and psychology in their joint effort to unravel the material basis of consciousness. This provides new challenges but also new perspectives for theoretical psychology. The book presents these current developments and debates to researchers, graduate students, and interested professionals and practitioners working in neuroscience, epigenetics, psychiatry, psychology and psychotherapy. It also provides a basic introduction into neuroepigenetics, its mechanisms, and first findings for graduate students as well as interested professionals and practitioners working in psychiatry, psychology, and psychotherapy.
Download or read book From Neurons to Neighborhoods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
Download or read book Discovering the Brain written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."
Download or read book The Brain in Context written by Jonathan D. Moreno and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-26 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human brain is the most complex object in the known universe. The field of neuroscience has made remarkable strides in recent years in understanding aspects of the brain, yet we still struggle with seemingly fundamental questions about how the brain works. What lessons can we learn from neuroscience’s successes and failures? What kinds of questions can neuroscience answer, and what will remain out of reach? In The Brain in Context, the bioethicist Jonathan D. Moreno and the neuroscientist Jay Schulkin provide an accessible and thought-provoking account of the evolution of neuroscience and the neuroscience of evolution. They emphasize that the brain is not an isolated organ—it extends into every part of the body and every aspect of human life. Understanding the brain requires studying the environmental, biological, chemical, genetic, and social factors that continue to shape it. Moreno and Schulkin describe today’s transformative devices, theories, and methods, including technologies like fMRI and optogenetics as well as massive whole-brain activity maps and the attempt to create a digital simulation of the brain. They show how theorizing about the brain and experimenting with it often go hand in hand, and they raise cautions about unintended consequences of technological interventions. The Brain in Context is a stimulating and even-handed assessment of the scope and limits of what we know about how we think.
Download or read book EEG Brain Signal Classification for Epileptic Seizure Disorder Detection written by Sandeep Kumar Satapathy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-02-10 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: EEG Brain Signal Classification for Epileptic Seizure Disorder Detection provides the knowledge necessary to classify EEG brain signals to detect epileptic seizures using machine learning techniques. Chapters present an overview of machine learning techniques and the tools available, discuss previous studies, present empirical studies on the performance of the NN and SVM classifiers, discuss RBF neural networks trained with an improved PSO algorithm for epilepsy identification, and cover ABC algorithm optimized RBFNN for classification of EEG signal. Final chapter present future developments in the field. This book is a valuable source for bioinformaticians, medical doctors and other members of the biomedical field who need the most recent and promising automated techniques for EEG classification. - Explores machine learning techniques that have been modified and validated for the purpose of EEG signal classification using Discrete Wavelet Transform for the identification of epileptic seizures - Encompasses machine learning techniques, providing an easily understood resource for both non-specialized readers and biomedical researchers - Provides a number of experimental analyses, with their results discussed and appropriately validated
Download or read book Neural Network Design written by Martin T. Hagan and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Discovery of Neural Network Architectures for Context dependent Computations written by Doris Voina and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All human and animal behavior from seeing, hearing, running, and falling in love, is the result of complex dynamics in a web of intricate networks in the brain. The human brain, in particular, contains close to 100 billion brain cells (or neurons) of different types connected through more than 100 trillion connections (or synapses), often in complicated patterns (or motifs) that depend on the brain area and function of the network. How these neurons and synapses are organized into specific network architectures so that neuronal activity and dynamics can give rise to behavior is still a mystery. A similar problem exists in the case of artificial neural networks: there is no systematic approach to designing artificial network architectures that generalize well across tasks, conditions, and contexts. For artificial and biological networks alike, we are interested in understanding the building blocks that permit a broad array of neural network functionality to emerge. We approach this problem from several perspectives: 1) we show how a biologically inspired microcircuit with several specific features (multiple inhibitory cell types, a comparatively smaller neuron population recurrently connected to the network that acts in a switch-like manner, and a disinhibitory network motif) is a minimally complex architecture that can switch between visual processing of the static context and the moving context; 2) we find a fast and flexible artificial network with a biologically-inspired network motif that generalizes across context when classifying visual stimuli shown sequentially and with different background contexts; 3) we begin the process of identifying new, bio-inspired network motifs via methods that identifynetwork motifs that inform neuron type classification. Our work clarifies the set of network connection structures that are both necessary and sufficient to achieve more flexible computational capability in both biological and artificial neural networks.
Download or read book From Photon to Neuron written by Philip Nelson and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-09 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A richly illustrated undergraduate textbook on the physics and biology of light Students in the physical and life sciences, and in engineering, need to know about the physics and biology of light. Recently, it has become increasingly clear that an understanding of the quantum nature of light is essential, both for the latest imaging technologies and to advance our knowledge of fundamental life processes, such as photosynthesis and human vision. From Photon to Neuron provides undergraduates with an accessible introduction to the physics of light and offers a unified view of a broad range of optical and biological phenomena. Along the way, this richly illustrated textbook builds the necessary background in neuroscience, photochemistry, and other disciplines, with applications to optogenetics, superresolution microscopy, the single-photon response of individual photoreceptor cells, and more. With its integrated approach, From Photon to Neuron can be used as the basis for interdisciplinary courses in physics, biophysics, sensory neuroscience, biophotonics, bioengineering, or nanotechnology. The goal is always for students to gain the fluency needed to derive every result for themselves, so the book includes a wealth of exercises, including many that guide students to create computer-based solutions. Supplementary online materials include real experimental data to use with the exercises. Assumes familiarity with first-year undergraduate physics and the corresponding math Overlaps the goals of the MCAT, which now includes data-based and statistical reasoning Advanced chapters and sections also make the book suitable for graduate courses An Instructor's Guide and illustration package is available to professors
Download or read book Complexity and Complex Thermo Economic Systems written by Stanislaw Sieniutycz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-24 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complexity and Complex Thermoeconomic Systems describes the properties of complexity and complex thermo-economic systems as the consequence of formulations, definitions, tools, solutions and results consistent with the best performance of a system. Applying to complex systems contemporary advanced techniques, such as static optimization, optimal control, and neural networks, this book treats the systems theory as a science of general laws for functional integrities. It also provides a platform for the discussion of various definitions of complexity, complex hierarchical structures, self-organization examples, special references, and historical issues. This book is a valuable reference for scientists, engineers and graduated students in chemical, mechanical, and environmental engineering, as well as those in physics, ecology and biology, helping them better understand the complex thermodynamic systems and enhance their technical skills in research. Provides a lucid presentation of the dynamical properties of thermoeconomic systems Includes original graphical material that illustrates the properties of complex systems Written by a first-class expert in the field of advanced methods in thermodynamics
Download or read book Neuronal Dynamics written by Wulfram Gerstner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This solid introduction uses the principles of physics and the tools of mathematics to approach fundamental questions of neuroscience.
Download or read book The Nature of Code written by Daniel Shiffman and published by No Starch Press. This book was released on 2024-09-03 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All aboard The Coding Train! This beginner-friendly creative coding tutorial is designed to grow your skills in a fun, hands-on way as you build simulations of real-world phenomena with “The Coding Train” YouTube star Daniel Shiffman. What if you could re-create the awe-inspiring flocking patterns of birds or the hypnotic dance of fireflies—with code? For over a decade, The Nature of Code has empowered countless readers to do just that, bridging the gap between creative expression and programming. This innovative guide by Daniel Shiffman, creator of the beloved Coding Train, welcomes budding and seasoned programmers alike into a world where code meets playful creativity. This JavaScript-based edition of Shiffman’s groundbreaking work gently unfolds the mysteries of the natural world, turning complex topics like genetic algorithms, physics-based simulations, and neural networks into accessible and visually stunning creations. Embark on this extraordinary adventure with projects involving: A physics engine: Simulate the push and pull of gravitational attraction. Flocking birds: Choreograph the mesmerizing dance of a flock. Branching trees: Grow lifelike and organic tree structures. Neural networks: Craft intelligent systems that learn and adapt. Cellular automata: Uncover the magic of self-organizing patterns. Evolutionary algorithms: Play witness to natural selection in your code. Shiffman’s work has transformed thousands of curious minds into creators, breaking down barriers between science, art, and technology, and inviting readers to see code not just as a tool for tasks but as a canvas for boundless creativity. Whether you’re deciphering the elegant patterns of natural phenomena or crafting your own digital ecosystems, Shiffman’s guidance is sure to inform and inspire. The Nature of Code is not just about coding; it’s about looking at the natural world in a new way and letting its wonders inspire your next creation. Dive in and discover the joy of turning code into art—all while mastering coding fundamentals along the way. NOTE: All examples are written with p5.js, a JavaScript library for creative coding, and are available on the book's website.
Download or read book Temporal Coding in the Brain written by G. Buzsaki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temporal coding in the brain documents a revolution now occurring in the neurosciences. How does parallel processing of information bind together the complex nature of the outer and our inner worlds? Do intrinsic oscillations and transient cooperative states of neurons represent the physiological basis of cognitive and motor functions of the brain? Some answers to these challenging issues are provided in this book by leading world experts of brain function. A common denominator of the works presented in this volume is the nature and mechanisms of neuronal cooperation in the temporal domain. The topics range from simple organisms to the human brain. The volume is intended for investigators and graduate students in neurophysiology, cognitive neuroscience, neural computation and neurology.
Download or read book The Integrative Action of the Nervous System written by Sir Charles Scott Sherrington and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reconstructing the Cognitive World written by Michael Wheeler and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An argument for a non-Cartesian philosophical foundation for cognitive science that combines elements of Heideggerian phenomenology, a dynamical systems approach to cognition, and insights from artificial intelligence-related robotics.
Download or read book Neurotransmitter Release written by Hugo J. Bellen and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with background information on neurotransmitter release. Emphasis is placed on the rationale by which proteins are assigned specific functions rather than just providing facts about function.
