Download or read book The Muscovite Lithuanian Wars written by Charles River and published by . This book was released on 2020-06-05 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes a bibliography for further reading Though history is usually written by the victors, the lack of a particularly strong writing tradition from the Mongols ensured that history was largely written by those who they vanquished. Because of this, their portrayal in the West and the Middle East has been extraordinarily (and in many ways unfairly) negative for centuries, at least until recent revisions to the historical record. The Mongols have long been depicted as wild horse-archers galloping out of the dawn to rape, pillage, murder and enslave, but the Mongol army was a highly sophisticated, minutely organized and incredibly adaptive and innovative institution, as witnessed by the fact that it was successful in conquering enemies who employed completely different weaponry and different styles of fighting. The Mongols were pushed out of the region by the Poles and Lithuanians, who then occupied state territories in the 14th century. Poland seized areas in the west, known as Galicia, while Lithuania occupied a northern area called Volynia. The Mongol-Tatars, however, retained control of the Crimean Peninsula, using it as a base for trade, including that of slaves, with the Ottoman Empire. The Tatars would actually strengthen their grip on the Crimea after the Golden Horde's demise and continue terrifying other European powers. By allying themselves with the Ottomans, the Tatars seemingly lost the potent position they had when they were a part of the Mongol Empire, they were still close to being a superpower from Southeast Europe and the Middle East. Meanwhile, the Ottomans would continue to expand their territory and threaten other European nations for centuries to come. Meanwhile, Russia also began expanding its influence by playing a role in defeating the Mongol hordes. The Russian ruler, Grand Prince of Moscow Ivan III, married the final heir to the Byzantine throne, Sophia (born Zoe) Palaiologina, the daughter of the last emperor of Byzantium, in 1480. Sophia would go on to be the grandmother of Ivan the Terrible, the first tsar of Imperial Russia from 1547-84. As a result of this lineage, the Romanov tsars would claim they were the torchbearers of Orthodox Christianity, descending directly from Byzantium. All of this political maneuvering would bring about one of the most famous battles in the history of Eastern Europe as the various parties sought to fill the power vacuum. The battle would be fought around Orsha, which is today a city of about 118,000 inhabitants on the fork of the Dnieper and Arshytsa Rivers in northern Belarus. One of the oldest settlements in that nation, Orsha has historically been an important center of communication and trade, situated as it is on a major river that flows down into the Black Sea. In 1514, Orsha was a much smaller town, home to a population of no more than 5,000 as part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, but on September 8 of that year, the normally quiet and unpretentious town was thrust into the world's gaze when over 100,000 troops engaged in one of the 16th century's biggest battles outside the town walls. The battle pitted the forces of the King of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania against the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and it was part of a conflict known to history as the Fourth Muscovite-Lithuanian War. That war was part of a series of conflicts that began in the 15th century, and the fighting would not end until Poland and the lands of Grand Duchy of Lithuania were completely annexed by the Russian Empire in 1795. The Muscovite-Lithuanian Wars: The History of the Russian Conflicts against the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania examines the turbulent history of the region and the series of conflicts between the various powers. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Muscovite-Lithuanian Wars like never before.

Download or read book The Making of the Polish Lithuanian Union 1385 1569 written by Robert I. Frost and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-16 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of eastern European is dominated by the story of the rise of the Russian empire, yet Russia only emerged as a major power after 1700. For 300 years the greatest power in Eastern Europe was the union between the kingdom of Poland and the grand duchy of Lithuania, one of the longest-lasting political unions in European history. Yet because it ended in the late-eighteenth century in what are misleadingly termed the Partitions of Poland, it barely features in standard accounts of European history. The Making of the Polish-Lithuanian Union 1385-1569 tells the story of the formation of a consensual, decentralised, multinational, and religiously plural state built from below as much as above, that was founded by peaceful negotiation, not war and conquest. From its inception in 1385-6, a vision of political union was developed that proved attractive to Poles, Lithuanians, Ruthenians, and Germans, a union which was extended to include Prussia in the 1450s and Livonia in the 1560s. Despite the often bitter disagreements over the nature of the union, these were nevertheless overcome by a republican vision of a union of peoples in one political community of citizens under an elected monarch. Robert Frost challenges interpretations of the union informed by the idea that the emergence of the sovereign nation state represents the essence of political modernity, and presents the Polish-Lithuanian union as a case study of a composite state. The modern history of Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine, and Belarus cannot be understood without an understanding of the legacy of the Polish-Lithuanian union. This volume is the first detailed study of the making of that union ever published in English.

Download or read book The Burghers of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania During the War of 1654 1667 written by Barbara M. Pendzich and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Russia s Wars of Emergence 1460 1730 written by Carol Stevens and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia's emergence as a Great Power in the eighteenth century is usually attributed to Peter I's radical programme of 'Westernising' reforms. But the Russian military did not simply copy European armies. Adapting the tactics of its neighbours on both sides, Russia created a powerful strategy of its own, integrating steppe defence with European concerns. In Russia's Wars of Emergence, Carol Belkin Stevens examines the social and political factors underpinning Muscovite military history, the eventual success of the Russian Empire and the sacrifices made for power.

Download or read book Russian History A Very Short Introduction written by Geoffrey Hosking and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-29 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A leading international authority discusses all aspects of Russian history, from the struggle by the state to control society to the transformation of the nation into a multi-ethnic empire, Russia's relations with the West and the post-Soviet era. Original.

Download or read book History of Lithuania written by Source Wikipedia and published by University-Press.org. This book was released on 2013-09 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 63. Chapters: Teutonic Knights, Northern Crusades, Livonian Brothers of the Sword, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, History of Lithuania, Krupski, Muscovite-Lithuanian Wars, Lithuanian Civil War, Polish-Lithuanian-Teutonic War, Samogitian uprisings, Christianization of Lithuania, Ostrow Agreement, Lithuanian Metrica, Lei iai, Battle of Pabaiskas, Metropolitanate of Lithuania, Battle of Kletsk, Statutes of Lithuania, Veldamas, Seal of Mindaugas, Casimir's Code, Laukininkas, Christmemel, Union of Krakow and Vilna, Letters of Gediminas, Kingdom of Lithuania, Ritterswerder, Kaimynas, Pil nai, eimynyk tis, Duchy of Trakai, Friedeburgh, Anthony, John, and Eustathios, Wallach reform, Nal ia.

Download or read book The Battle of Konotop 1659 written by Oleg Rumyantsev and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring alternatives in East European history. The battle that took place near Konotop in late June 1659 was a continuation of the Muscovite-Cossack war, which began in the fall of 1658, soon after the signing of the Union of Hadiach. Cossack and Tatar detachments trapped a significant portion of the Muscovite army, leading to enormous Russian losses.

Download or read book War on the Eve of Nations written by Vladimir Shirogorov and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-06-10 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In War on the Eve of Nations: Conflicts and Militaries in Eastern Europe, 1450–1500, Vladimir Shirogorov examines how Eastern European armed forces produced critical geopolitical changes in the region. Analyzing the interactions between changes in warfare and the nation-building process, Shirogorov focuses on developments regarding the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Muscovy, Sweden, the Kazan Khanate, and Ottoman Turkey.

Download or read book In the Shadows of Poland and Russia written by Andrej Kotljarchuk and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Russia s First Civil War written by Chester S. L. Dunning and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: He shows that serfs did not actively participate in the civil war and that the abolition of serfdom was never a rebel goal. Instead, most rebels were petty gentry, professional soldiers, townsmen, and cossacks who were united in fierce opposition to tsars they believed to be illegitimate usurpers.".

Download or read book Citizenship and Identity in a Multinational Commonwealth written by Karin Friedrich and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2009 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is an attempt to change thinking not only on the political practice and the role of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in a European context (both East and West), but to also connect the early modern past with present notions of citizenship and participatory political systems.

Download or read book After the Deluge written by Robert I. Frost and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-03-11 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert Frost examines the reasons for the collapse of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth after the Swedish invasion of 1655.

Download or read book The Cambridge History of Russia Volume 1 From Early Rus to 1689 written by Maureen Perrie and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative history of Russia from early Rus' to the reign of Peter the Great.

Download or read book History of Poland written by Source Wikipedia and published by University-Press.org. This book was released on 2013-09 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 219. Chapters: Great Northern War, Cossacks, War of the Polish Succession, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Polish-Muscovite War, Germanisation, Constitution of May 3, 1791, Khmelnytsky Uprising, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Second Northern War, History of Poland, Krupski, Treaty of Bromberg, Ambassadors and envoys from Russia to Poland, Moldavian Magnate Wars, Smolensk War, Polish-Swedish wars, Sarmatism, Northern Seven Years' War, Union of Lublin, History of Poland in the Early Modern era, Golden Liberty, War against Sigismund, Jewish Cossacks, Deluge, Russo-Polish War, General sejm, Danzig rebellion, Tumult of Thorn, Lisowczycy, Za uski Library, Polish-Lithuanian-Muscovite Commonwealth, Treaty of Hadiach, Enlightenment in Poland, Polish-Ottoman War, Baroque in Poland, Polish Brethren, Neoclassical architecture in Poland, Repnin Sejm, Draheim, Voivodes of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Polish-Swedish union, Treaty of Pereyaslav, Registered Cossacks, Hetmans of Ukrainian Cossacks, Commission of National Education, Zamojski Academy, Treaty of Stettin, Great Sejm, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, War of the Bar Confederation, Coffin portrait, Liberum veto, Union of K dainiai, Livonian campaign of Stephen Bathory, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Navy, Statutes of Lithuania, Warsaw Confederation, Free election, Union of Brest, Execution movement, Zamoyski Code, Dwor, Considerations on the Government of Poland, Treaty of Karlowitz, Henrician Articles, Zebrzydowski Rebellion, Fedorovych Uprising, Haidamaka, Lowenwolde's Treaty, Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth, Pospolite ruszenie, Massacre of Uman, Kosi ski Uprising, Lwow Oath, Cossack pirates, Koliyivshchyna, Silva rerum, Folwark, Polish-Cossack-Tatar War, Truce of Deulino, Polish-Prussian alliance, Polish...

Download or read book The General Crisis of the Seventeenth Century written by Geoffrey Parker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-08-12 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing fresh research and new perspectives, this volume of important essays brings up to date the debate about the theory of a 'General Crisis' in the seventeenth century, and proves essential reading for a clear understanding of the period.

Download or read book Stories of Khmelnytsky written by Amelia M. Glaser and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-19 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the middle of the seventeenth century, Bohdan Khmelnytsky was the legendary Cossack general who organized a rebellion that liberated the Eastern Ukraine from Polish rule. Consequently, he has been memorialized in the Ukraine as a God-given nation builder, cut in the model of George Washington. But in this campaign, the massacre of thousands of Jews perceived as Polish intermediaries was the collateral damage, and in order to secure the tentative independence, Khmelnytsky signed a treaty with Moscow, ultimately ceding the territory to the Russian tsar. So, was he a liberator or a villain? This volume examines drastically different narratives, from Ukrainian, Jewish, Russian, and Polish literature, that have sought to animate, deify, and vilify the seventeenth-century Cossack. Khmelnytsky's legacy, either as nation builder or as antagonist, has inhibited inter-ethnic and political rapprochement at key moments throughout history and, as we see in recent conflicts, continues to affect Ukrainian, Jewish, Polish, and Russian national identity.

Download or read book The Crimean Khanate and Poland Lithuania written by Dariusz Kolodziejczyk and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2011-06-22 with total page 1135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on rich source material in several languages and three scripts (Arabic, Cyrillic, and Latin), this book presents a broad picture of international relations in early modern Eastern Europe, at the crossing point of Genghisid, Islamic, Orthodox, and Latin traditions.