Download or read book The Most Productive Word Formation Processes of the English Language written by and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-02-25 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,0, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, language: English, abstract: The drumper went on drumping until the drumperism lets him get drumpish.Every time we can form new words with the help of word formation processes. There are many different processes which lead to many different new words. But how can we form such new words? The sentenceThe drumper went on drumping until the drumperism lets him get drumpishconsists of four new or unknown words. I formed these words with the help of a very productive word formation process, called 'derivation'. But what does 'productive' actually mean? Productive in the content of word formation processes means that these processes are responsible for the large part of neologisms (Kortmann 1999: 58). Productive may be also described as “a pattern, meaning that when occasion demands, the pattern may be used as a model for new items.” (Adams 1973: 197). Some processes are more productive than others. This research paper deals with the most productive word formation processes of the English language, namely 'derivation', which includes 'prefixation', 'suffixation' and 'infixation', 'compounding' and 'conversion'. The word formation process 'back formation' is regarded as a borderline case, i.e. it can be counted as a member of the most productive word formation processes or as a member of the so called secondary word formation processes (Schmid 2005: 87). Because of the relation between compounding, especially compound verbs, and back formation I will treat the process in this research paper too. After an introduction of some basic morphological terms as well as a definition of the term 'word formation' I will present the different stages a new formed word has to pass until it can be regarded as a member of the vocabulary because not every new formed word will become established. Afterwards, in the main part of this research paper, I will present these most productive word formation processes named above and give suitable examples in each case. Finally the term 'blocking' will be introduced, i.e. there are some words which just cannot be formed because there is already another word which carries the appropriate meaning and thus 'blocks' the new word (Schmid 2005: 117). In the conclusion I will give an outlook for the secondary word formation processes and a review of words which are included in the dictionary newly.

Download or read book Word Formation in the World s Languages written by Pavol Štekauer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fills a gap in cross-linguistic research by being the first systematic survey of the word-formation of the world's languages. Data from fifty-five world languages reveals associations between word-formation processes in genetically and geographically distinct languages.

Download or read book Word Formation Processes in English and German a Survey written by Sonja Kaupp and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-03 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English - Pedagogy, Didactics, Literature Studies, grade: 2,0, University of Freiburg (Englisches Seminar), course: Contrastive Linguistics, 8 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: When German native speakers converse with English native speakers, they are often astonished how easily and spontaneously new words can be created in English. At the same time, English speakers are astonished by the number of lengthy compounds the German use in written language. But still, most word formation processes are very similar in both languages - both English and German even share some affixes, for example be- in be-friend or be-zahlen or -er in sing-er or Säng-er. I want to investigate the differences and similarities concerning the major word formation processes in English and German (compounding, derivational suffixation and conversion). Firstly, I will provide an appropriate background by looking at contrasts in the lexicon and will also touch on some diachronic explanations. Then I will explain the different units of words. Ultimately, I want to get an insight into a very recent phenomenon, namely the adding of German affixes to English words in German word formation - the so-called 'Denglisch'.

Download or read book Word Formation in English written by Ingo Plag and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-10-30 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides an accessible introduction to the study of word-formation, that is, the ways in which new words are built on the bases of other words (e.g. happy - happy-ness), focusing on English. The book's didactic aim is to enable students with little or no prior linguistic knowledge to do their own practical analyses of complex words. Readers are familiarized with the necessary methodological tools to obtain and analyze relevant data and are shown how to relate their findings to theoretical problems and debates. The book is not written in the perspective of a particular theoretical framework and draws on insights from various research traditions, reflecting important methodological and theoretical developments in the field. It is a textbook directed towards university students of English at all levels. It can also serve as a source book for teachers and advanced students, and as an up-to-date reference concerning many word-formation processes in English.

Download or read book English Word Formation written by Laurie Bauer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1983 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the illustrative material is drawn principally from English, general points are illustrated with a variety of languages to provide a new perspective on a confused and often controversial field of study.

Download or read book Morphological Productivity written by Laurie Bauer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-05-28 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are there more English words ending in -ness than ending in -ity? What is it about some endings that makes them more widely usable than others? Can we measure the differences in the facility with which the various affixes are used? Does the difference in facility reflect a difference in the way we treat words containing these affixes in the brain? These are the questions examined in this book. Morphological productivity has, over the centuries, been a major factor in providing the huge vocabulary of English and remains one of the most contested areas in the study of word-formation and structure. This book takes an eclectic approach to the topic, applying the findings for morphology to syntax and phonology. Bringing together the results of twenty years' work in the field, it provides new insights and considers a wide range of linguistic and psycholinguistic evidence.

Download or read book Productive word formation processes in neologisms written by Dorothea Wolschak and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-07-04 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, Catholic University Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, language: English, abstract: People have always been interested in language. First records of Sanskrit grammar, morphology and word-formation rules were written down by Panini over 2500 years ago. So it is not surprising that especially now with all the possibilities technology offers, linguists are determined to identify THE word-formation-theory. In the last century there has been a boom in publishing, creating enormous corpora that allow linguists to study a far wider range of written language. Due to the technological possibility of sound and video recording, there are also numerous spoken accounts of language available now (Bauer 1994, 9). In the last decades however, according to Bauer, word-formation is a rather “confused area of study“(2002, xiii), mostly because of its various terminology as well as different methodological and theoretical approaches. Therefore this paper will concentrate on and use the standard terminology Bauer agreed on in English Word-formation. Bauer notes furthermore the confusion in the field of productivity in word-formation. The fact that word-formation processes are in fact productive and create new lexemes can be proved by consulting any dictionary of neologisms or updates in other dictionaries. Nevertheless, linguists dispute over the extent to which word-formation is productive generally. Here the dispute between transformationalist and lexicalist positions to productivity should be mentioned (2002, 62 f., 75). But since this paper will focus on specific neologisms added to the Oxford English Dictionary, the decision of what is listed as a new and independent lexicon entry was made by someone else and should not be of any concern here. This paper will deal with the subject of words, especially newly formed words. What exactly are neologisms and how do they come about? What word-formation processes are involved in the creation of new words? How productive are the different types of word-formation? This paper attempts to answer these questions to a certain extent and furthermore picture the contemporary productivity of word-formation patterns by analysing the new word entries of the March 2013 update in the Oxford English Dictionary as a case study.

Download or read book Creative Word Formation Processes written by Jeannette Nedoma and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-05-19 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: "-", , course: Introduction to Modern English Morphology, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction Word-formation could be found in languages all over the world. English could be seen as the most important source for other languages in every respect. A huge amount of English terms has been spread like wildfire to other countries. English seems to have a global influence on politics (English as official language), science and technology, computer, mobile phones and the Internet (e.g. technical terms), broadcasting, music (e.g. the majority of English songs on the “German radio” is obvious), film industries and cinemas (e.g. the majority of English movies or English movies in original speech in German cinemas).

Download or read book Semantics of Word Formation and Lexicalization written by Pius ten Hacken and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-17 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the study of word formation, the focus has often been on generating the form. In this book, the semantic aspect of the formation of new words is central. It is viewed from the perspectives of word formation rules and of lexicalization. An extensive introduction gives a historical overview of the study of the semantics of word formation and lexicalization, explaining how the different theoretical frameworks used in the contributions relate to each other. Each chapter then concentrates on a specific question about a theoretical concept or a word formation process in a particular language and adopts a theoretical framework that is appropriate to the study of this question. From general theoretical concepts of productivity and lexicalization, the focus moves to terminology, compounding, and derivation. Theoretical frameworks discussed include Jackendoff's Conceptual Structure, Langacker's Cognitive Grammar, Lieber's lexical semantic approach to word formation, Pustejovsky's Generative Lexicon, Beard's Lexeme-Morpheme-Base Morphology, The onomasiological approach to terminology and word formation.

Download or read book Handbook of Word Formation written by Pavol Štekauer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most comprehensive book to date on word formation in terms of scope of topics, schools and theoretical positions. All contributions were written by the leading scholars in their respective areas.

Download or read book An Introduction to Modern English Word Formation written by Valerie Adams and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series to meet the need for books on modern English that are both up-to-date and authoritative.For the scholar, the teacher, the student and the general reader, but especially for English-speaking students of language and linguistics in institutions where English is the language of instruction, or advanced specialist students of English in universities where English is taught as a foreign language

Download or read book Measuring Productivity in Word Formation written by Shmuel Bolozky and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1999 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, the author proposes three criteria for measuring productivity of word formation processes, which together make up a reliable methodology for evaluating morphological productivity: productivity tests, dictionary comparison, corpus data. The model is examined in light of data from Israeli Hebrew.

Download or read book Word Formation across Languages written by Pavol Štekauer and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2017-01-06 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research into cross-linguistic aspects and typology of word-formation has not been paid relevant and systematic attention by morphologists, and only a few articles dealing with various word-formation issues of this kind appear in journals. The chapters in this volume address this issue by discussing, on contrastive principles, important questions of word-formation in a sample of 26 languages. The focus of the book, as a whole, is on typological features of word-formation in the languages sampled. It is aimed at researchers that have an interest in word-formation in a variety of languages.

Download or read book Interaction of Borrowing and Word Formation written by ten Hacken Pius ten Hacken and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-02 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on detailed case studies across a range of languages, including English, German, Dutch, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Czech, Russian, Lithuanian and Greek, this book examines the different factors that determine the outcome of the interaction between borrowing and word formation. Historically, borrowing has largely been studied from etymological and lexicographical perspectives and word formation has been included in morphology. However, this book focuses on their mutual influence and interaction. Bringing together a range of contributors, each chapter illustrates how borrowing and word formation are in competition as alternative naming processes, while also showing how they can influence each other. The case studies are framed by an introduction that describes the general background and a conclusion that summarises the main findings.

Download or read book Recent Trends in English Word Formation written by Bastian Heynen and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-03 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1.0, University of Dusseldorf "Heinrich Heine" (English Linguistics), course: English Word-Formation, language: English, abstract: This paper will discuss recent trends in English word formation. To elaborate on the subject it starts to define what word formation is and how it fits into morphology, the part of linguistics dealing with words and their basic units. In the first part it will discuss basic terms and promote the necessary understanding of word analysis. We will discuss what productivity is and what constitutes a new word. Included is also a short introduction in the theory of the lexicon, where the so called lexemes are stored. The second part will go on with the introduction of recent neologisms that I found interesting, using the circumstance to discuss the basic patterns of word formation. It is not a complete list of recent neologisms, nor is it a statistical analysis of corpora. I will elaborate on certain aspects of word formation patterns with chosen examples. Most neologisms dealt with in this paper can be found in Maxwell (2006); few exceptions can be found the internet. We will also look for irregularities and ask ourselves whether there are any cases in which new words refer to old words. In the last part of the paper I will have a look at the sources of word formation. Are there any fields in which new words are especially frequent? Are those fields easy to distinguish from each other? Why are these fields important? The intention of this paper is to give a summary of recent development concerning new words and what such a development might mean to us.

Download or read book Recent Trends in English Word Formation written by Bastian Heynen and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-02-23 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1.0, University of Dusseldorf "Heinrich Heine" (English Linguistics), course: English Word-Formation, language: English, abstract: This paper will discuss recent trends in English word formation. To elaborate on the subject it starts to define what word formation is and how it fits into morphology, the part of linguistics dealing with words and their basic units. In the first part it will discuss basic terms and promote the necessary understanding of word analysis. We will discuss what productivity is and what constitutes a new word. Included is also a short introduction in the theory of the lexicon, where the so called lexemes are stored. The second part will go on with the introduction of recent neologisms that I found interesting, using the circumstance to discuss the basic patterns of word formation. It is not a complete list of recent neologisms, nor is it a statistical analysis of corpora. I will elaborate on certain aspects of word formation patterns with chosen examples. Most neologisms dealt with in this paper can be found in Maxwell (2006); few exceptions can be found the internet. We will also look for irregularities and ask ourselves whether there are any cases in which new words refer to old words. In the last part of the paper I will have a look at the sources of word formation. Are there any fields in which new words are especially frequent? Are those fields easy to distinguish from each other? Why are these fields important? The intention of this paper is to give a summary of recent development concerning new words and what such a development might mean to us.

Download or read book Word formation processes in English and German a survey written by Sonja Kaupp and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-03-10 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Pedagogy, Literature Studies, grade: 2,0, University of Freiburg (Englisches Seminar), course: Contrastive Linguistics, language: English, abstract: When German native speakers converse with English native speakers, they are often astonished how easily and spontaneously new words can be created in English. At the same time, English speakers are astonished by the number of lengthy compounds the German use in written language. But still, most word formation processes are very similar in both languages - both English and German even share some affixes, for example be- in be-friend or be-zahlen or –er in sing-er or Säng-er. I want to investigate the differences and similarities concerning the major word formation processes in English and German (compounding, derivational suffixation and conversion). Firstly, I will provide an appropriate background by looking at contrasts in the lexicon and will also touch on some diachronic explanations. Then I will explain the different units of words. Ultimately, I want to get an insight into a very recent phenomenon, namely the adding of German affixes to English words in German word formation - the so-called ‘Denglisch’.