Download or read book The Mitigating Role of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs in the Abuse of Prescription Drugs written by Erica G. Birk and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to the epidemic of prescription-drug abuse, now 49 US states have passed legislation to establish Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs). These programs track controlled-substance prescribing and usage behavior in an effort to improve patient outcomes and identify and preempt access by drug abusers. We exploit variation in the timing of implementation across states to identify the effectiveness of PDMPs on reducing opioid abuse. In particular, by considering the role of specific program attributes we offer the strongest evidence to date of the potential for PDMP-type policy to decrease opioid-related treatment admissions. We also consider heterogeneity across intensity and tenure of use, which reveals that the largest gains are coming from reductions in the number of less-attached users. Overall, these results have important implications for the effective re-design of PDMP policy.
Download or read book Prescription Drug Abuse and Diversion written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.
Download or read book Prescription Drug Abuse and Diversion written by United States. Congress and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-02-10 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prescription drug abuse and diversion : the role of prescription drug monitoring programs : hearing before the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, One Hundred Eighth Congress, second session, on examining drug abuse prevention issues, focusing on the role of prescription drug monitoring programs, and federal privacy standards for PMPS, September 23, 200
Download or read book Prescription Drug Abuse and Diversion written by United States Senate and published by . This book was released on 2019-11-30 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prescription drug abuse and diversion: the role of prescription drug monitoring programs: hearing before the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, One Hundred Eighth Congress, second session, on examining drug abuse prevention issues, focusing on the role of prescription drug monitoring programs, and federal privacy standards for PMPS, September 23, 200
Download or read book Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs written by Kristin M. Finklea and published by . This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the midst of national concern over illicit drug use and abuse, prescription drug abuse has been identified as the U.S.' fastest growing drug problem. Nearly all prescription drugs involved in overdoses are originally prescribed by a physician (rather than, for ex., being stolen from pharmacies). Thus, attention has been directed toward preventing the diversion of prescription drugs after the prescriptions are dispensed. Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) maintain statewide electronic databases of prescriptions dispensed for controlled substances (i.e., prescription drugs of abuse that are subject to stricter government regulation). Information collected by PDMPs may be used to support access to and legitimate medical use of controlled substances; identify or prevent drug abuse and diversion; facilitate the identification of prescription drug-addicted individuals and enable intervention and treatment; outline drug use and abuse trends to inform public health initiatives; or educate individuals about prescription drug use, abuse, and diversion as well as about PDMPs. How PDMPs are organized and operated varies among states. Contents of this report: Introduction; PDMPs; PDMP Effectiveness; Federal Grant Programs for State PDMPs; Selected Policy Issues. Tables. This is a print on demand report.
Download or read book Factorial Survey Experiments written by Katrin Auspurg and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2014-11-28 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling a gap in the literature of the field, Factorial Survey Experiments provides researchers with a practical guide to using the factorial survey method to assess respondents’ beliefs about the world, judgment principles, or decision rules through multi-dimensional stimuli (“vignettes”) that resemble real-life decision-making situations. Using insightful examples to illustrate their arguments, authors Katrin Auspurg and Thomas Hinz guide researchers through all relevant steps, including how to set up the factorial experimental design (drawing samples of vignettes and respondents), how to handle the practical challenges that must be mastered when an experimental plan with many different treatments is embedded in a survey format, and how to deal with questions of data analysis. In addition to providing the “how-tos” of designing factorial survey experiments, the authors cover recent developments of similar methods, such as conjoint analyses, choice experiments, and more advanced statistical tools.
Download or read book Improving Kentucky s Prescription Drug Monitoring Program written by Kentucky. Prescription Drug Abuse Task Force and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs written by Kristin M. Finklea and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the midst of national concern over illicit drug use and abuse, prescription drug abuse has been identified as the United States' fastest growing drug problem. Nearly all prescription drugs involved in overdoses are originally prescribed by a physician (rather than, for example, being stolen from pharmacies). Thus, attention has been directed toward preventing the diversion of prescription drugs after the prescriptions are dispensed. Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) maintain statewide electronic databases of prescriptions dispensed for controlled substances (i.e., prescription drugs of abuse that are subject to stricter government regulation). Information collected by PDMPs may be used to support access to and legitimate medical use of controlled substances; identify or prevent drug abuse and diversion; facilitate the identification of prescription drug-addicted individuals and enable intervention and treatment; outline drug use and abuse trends to inform public health initiatives; or educate individuals about prescription drug use, abuse, and diversion as well as about PDMPs. How PDMPs are organized and operated varies among states. Each state determines which agency houses the PDMP; which controlled substances must be reported; which types of dispensers are required to submit data (e.g., pharmacies); how often data are collected; who may access information in the PDMP database (e.g., prescribers, dispensers, or law enforcement); the circumstances under which the information may (or must) be accessed; and what enforcement mechanisms are in place for noncompliance. States finance PDMPs using monies from a variety of sources including the state general fund, prescriber and pharmacy licensing fees, state controlled substance registration fees, health insurers' fees, direct-support organizations, state grants, and/or federal grants. The federal government has established two grant programs aimed at supporting state PDMPs: The Harold Rogers PDMP grant, administered by the Department of Justice, and the National All Schedules Prescription Electronic Reporting Act of 2005 (NASPER) grant, administered by the Department of Health and Human Services. State PDMPs vary widely with respect to whether or how information contained in the database is shared with other states. While some states do not have measures in place allowing interstate sharing of information, others have specific practices for sharing. An effort is ongoing to facilitate information sharing using prescription monitoring information exchange (PMIX) architecture. Legislation has been introduced in the 112th Congress that would take up these issues. The available evidence suggests that PDMPs are effective in reducing the time required for drug diversion investigations, changing prescribing behavior, reducing “doctor shopping,” and reducing prescription drug abuse; however, research on the effectiveness of PDMPs is limited. Assessments of effectiveness may also take into consideration potential unintended consequences of PDMPs, such as limiting access to medications for legitimate use or pushing drug diversion activities over the border into a neighboring state. Experts suggest that PDMP effectiveness might be improved by increasing the timeliness, completeness, consistency, and accessibility of the data. Current policy issues that might come before Congress include the role of state PDMPs in the federal prescription drug abuse strategy and the role of the federal government in interstate datasharing and interoperability. While establishment and enhancement of PDMPs enjoy broad support, stakeholders express concerns about health care versus law enforcement uses of PDMP data (particularly with regard to protection of personally identifiable health information) and maintaining access to medication for patients with legitimate medical needs.
Download or read book Responding to the Prescription Drug Epidemic written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime and Terrorism and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How Do Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs Reduce Opioid Prescribing written by Abby E. Alpert and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Past work demonstrates that mandated prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) decrease opioid prescribing, but provides limited evidence on mechanisms. We analyze Kentucky's landmark PDMP mandate to disentangle the role of information versus hassle costs. PDMP mandates are meant to affect prescribing through information provision but may also unintentionally affect prescribing through the hassle cost of required record checks. On net, we find that although information clearly affected prescribing, hassle costs explain the majority of the decline in prescribing from this program. Hassle costs, however, did not deter physicians from prescribing opioids to the patients who would benefit the most.
Download or read book Prescription Drug Abuse and Diversion The Role of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs S Hrg 108 806 September 23 2004 108 2 Hearing written by and published by . This book was released on 2005* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mandatory Access Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs and Prescription Drug Abuse written by Dhaval M. Dave and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the significant cost of prescription (Rx) drug abuse and calls from policy makers for effective interventions, there is limited research on the effects of policies intended to limit such abuse. This study estimates the effects of prescription drug monitoring (PDMP) programs which is a key policy targeting the non-medical use of Rx drugs. Based on objective indicators of abuse as measured by substance abuse treatment admissions related to Rx drugs, estimates do not suggest any substantial effects of instituting an operational PDMP. We find, however, that mandatory-access provisions, which raised PDMP utilization rates by actually requiring providers to query the PDMP prior to prescribing a controlled drug, are significantly associated with a reduction in Rx drug abuse. The effects are driven primarily by a reduction in opioid abuse, generally strongest among young adults (ages 18-24), and underscore important dynamics in the policy response. Robustness checks are consistent with a causal interpretation of these effects. We also assess potential spillovers of mandatory PDMPs on the use of other illicit drugs, and find a complementary reduction in admissions related to cocaine and marijuana abuse.
Download or read book ARCOS written by United States. Drug Enforcement Administration and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prescription Drug Abuse written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An estimated 6.5 million individuals currently abuse prescription drugs in the United States. Unlike policy on street drugs, federal policy on prescription drug abuse is complicated by the need to maintain access to prescription controlled substances (PCS) for legitimate medical use. The federal government has several roles in reducing prescription drug abuse. Coordination. The Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) coordinates and tracks prescription drug abuse reduction efforts and funding of multiple federal agencies. Regulation. The primary federal statutes governing prescription drug regulation are the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) and the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, commonly called the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). Law Enforcement. Federal law enforcement, primarily the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), aims to prevent, detect, and investigate the diversion of prescription drugs while regulating the supply for legitimate medical, commercial, and scientific purposes. Health. Federal agencies and programs involved in health may address prescription drug abuse through service delivery (e.g., the Veterans Health Administration), financing (e.g., Medicare), and research (e.g., the National Institute on Drug Abuse). The federal government, state and local governments, and various private entities (e.g., pharmacies) are currently undertaking a range of approaches to reducing prescription drug abuse. Scheduling of PCS. The scheduling status of a PCS (1) affects patient access to PCS (e.g., by limiting refills); (2) affects the degree of regulatory requirements (e.g., supply chain recordkeeping); and (3) determines the degree of criminal punishment for illegal traffickers. Safe Storage and Disposal. DEA regulates storage of PCS by registered entities (e.g., pharmacies); provides registered entities with options for proper disposal of PCS; and sponsors National Prescription Drug Take-Back Days to assist citizens in safe disposal of PCS. Enhancing Law Enforcement. Federal law enforcement efforts may focus on geographic areas with higher rates of prescription drug abuse or on High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas (HIDTA) that experience a higher volume of illicit trafficking of PCS. Using Data to Identify Risk. Most states operate prescription drug monitoring programs—databases of prescriptions filled for PCS. Other public and private entities also have data that may be analyzed to identify high-risk behavior among prescribers, dispensers, or patients. Awareness and Education. Efforts to increase awareness and education about prescription drug abuse may focus on health care providers, patients, or the general public. Treatment. Some prescription drug abuse may be avoided in treating underlying conditions (e.g., pain) or may be treated with pharmacologic or non-pharmacologic interventions. New products may improve treatment for both underlying conditions and prescription drug abuse.
Download or read book Physicians Opinions on Connecticut s Prescription Drug Monitoring Program written by Carolyn Kwiat and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: The increase in prescription opiate misuse has become one of the largest public health crises facing the United States. Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) are large online databases that states use to monitor prescribing and filling of controlled drugs by physicians and pharmacies to identify patients who are misusing prescription drugs and to reduce the prevalence of opioids misuse. However, the literature is not conclusive as to whether or not PDMPs are effective in decreasing opioid misuse, and the rates of PDMP usage among physicians remains low, even in states where usage is mandatory. Objectives: To investigate physicians' attitudes towards the use of the Connecticut Prescription Monitor and Reporting (CPMRS) and to inform a future statewide survey planned by the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection (DCP) and to identify possible ways to increase the usage of the CPMRS and strengthen its efficacy. Methods: A qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with physicians was used to explore their attitudes about the use of the CPMRS and toward the opioid epidemic in general. Findings: All participating physicians (n=10) had prescribed opioids for chronic pain and all were knowledgeable about the 2016 Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines. A majority reported using the CPMRS and said that time constraints were the largest barrier to using it. Half of the physicians had used CPMRS to confirm their suspicions about specific patients’ behavior. Participants were evenly divided on whether specific â€reports†comparing their opioid prescribing frequency to the prescribing frequency of other physicians in their specialty would be useful. Using the label â€epidemic†to describe the current public health concerns about prescription opioids was controversial among participants, but all believed that physicians have a role in preventing prescription drug misuse and overdose. Conclusions: Data from these interviews revealed several policy implications that may increase usage and accessibility of the CPMRS for all prescribers. These include increasing education efforts to inform prescribers about CPMRS features, incorporating the CPMRS into electronic medical records (EMRs), and offering specific training or tutorials on how to use the system effectively and time efficiently. Public health implications revealed from these interviews indicate that not all physicians are unified in their view of the current prescription opioid situation as an â€epidemic†and there is concern that the medical community may â€overcorrect†in their prescribing practices and block patients from receiving the medication they need to function day to day.
Download or read book Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Save Lives written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-06-16 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The opioid crisis in the United States has come about because of excessive use of these drugs for both legal and illicit purposes and unprecedented levels of consequent opioid use disorder (OUD). More than 2 million people in the United States are estimated to have OUD, which is caused by prolonged use of prescription opioids, heroin, or other illicit opioids. OUD is a life-threatening condition associated with a 20-fold greater risk of early death due to overdose, infectious diseases, trauma, and suicide. Mortality related to OUD continues to escalate as this public health crisis gathers momentum across the country, with opioid overdoses killing more than 47,000 people in 2017 in the United States. Efforts to date have made no real headway in stemming this crisis, in large part because tools that already existâ€"like evidence-based medicationsâ€"are not being deployed to maximum impact. To support the dissemination of accurate patient-focused information about treatments for addiction, and to help provide scientific solutions to the current opioid crisis, this report studies the evidence base on medication assisted treatment (MAT) for OUD. It examines available evidence on the range of parameters and circumstances in which MAT can be effectively delivered and identifies additional research needed.
