Download or read book Viking Settlers in Greenland and Their Descendants During Five Hundred Years written by Poul Nørlund and published by . This book was released on 1936 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Land Under the Pole Star written by Helge Ingstad and published by New York : St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 1966 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Norwegian explorer reconstructs all aspects of life in Norse communities founded by Eirik the Red about 1000 A.D.
Download or read book Farms and churches in the medieval Norse settlements of Greenland written by Aage Roussell and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mediaeval Norse Settlements in Greenland written by Knud Fischer-Møller and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Medieval Norse Settlements in Greenland written by Knud Fischer-Møller and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mediaeval Norse Settlements in Greenland written by Aage Roussell and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Vikings in Greenland written by Charles River Charles River Editors and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-09-19 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes medieval accounts *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading Over the centuries, the West has become fascinated by the Vikings, one of the most mysterious and interesting European civilizations. In addition to being perceived as a remarkably unique culture among its European counterparts, what's known and not known about the Vikings' accomplishments has added an intriguing aura to the historical narrative. Were they fierce and fearsome warriors? Were they the first Europeans to visit North America? It seems some of the legends are true, and some are just that, legend. Like many civilizations of past millennia, the Vikings are remembered in popular culture more for the fantastical accounts of their history than for reality. The written records of the history of the Viking period, consisting mostly of Norse sagas, metaphoric poems called skalds and monastic chronicles, were written down well after the events they described and tended to be lurid accounts rife with hyperbole. Furthermore, the most scathing tales of Viking raids are contained in the histories of monastic communities which were targets of Norse rapacity. These chronicles speak of the heathen Viking depredations of monastic treasuries and the ferocious torture and killing of Christian monks. The colorful bloody tales were certainly based on more than grains of truth, but they were also purposefully augmented to inject drama into history. Similarly Norse sagas written down in the post-Viking Age fixed what had hitherto been flexible oral tradition. They were often slanted to legitimize a clan or leader's authority by emphasizing an ancestor's bravery and skill in pillaging opponent's communities. However, the Vikings' reputation for ferocious seaborne attacks along the coasts of Northern Europe is no exaggeration. It is true that the Norsemen, who traded extensively throughout Europe, often increased the profits obtained from their nautical ventures through plunder, acquiring precious metals and slaves. Of course, the Vikings were not the only ones participating in this kind of income generation - between the 8th and the 11th centuries, European tribes, clans, kingdoms and monastic communities were quite adept at fighting with each other for the purpose of obtaining booty. The Vikings were simply more consistently successful than their contemporaries and thus became suitable symbols for the iniquity of the times. The Norsemen were also medieval Europe's greatest explorers, moving across the North Atlantic to settle in Iceland, Greenland, and even North America. Their settlements in Greenland were perhaps the most impressive, given that the bleak and unforgiving land was mostly uninhabited when they first made it there. Greenland is huge, measuring almost 840,000 square miles (1.35 million square kilometers). The interior is uninhabitable glacier and mountain, but the periphery is cut by countless fjords that shelter the inhabitants from some of the worst of the winds. The fjords in the western part of the island, especially the southwestern part, are made more temperate by relatively warm sea currents and can support grass and a diverse amount of wildlife. Even so, winters are harsh even in the southern latitudes, and ice clogs the northern reaches for much of the year. Remote, and subject to long winters during which pack ice would cut it off from the rest of the world, Greenland seemed an unlikely place to found a colony. In fact, Greenland was only circumnavigated in the early 20th century, and many of its further reaches were unmapped until the modern day. Nonetheless, the Norse managed to live there for about 450 years among some of their most remote outposts, and Greenland would maintain strong ties to the rest of Europe.
Download or read book The Demise of the Norse Greenland Colonies written by Gail Andrea Fondahl and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Norse Greenland Viking Peasants in the Arctic written by Arnved Nedkvitne and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How could a community of 2000–3000 Viking peasants survive in Arctic Greenland for 430 years (ca. 985–1415), and why did they finally disappear? European agriculture in an Arctic environment encountered serious ecological challenges. The Norse peasants faced these challenges by adapting agricultural practices they had learned from the Atlantic and North Sea coast of Norway. Norse Greenland was the stepping stone for the Europeans who first discovered America and settled briefly in Newfoundland ca. AD 1000. The community had a global significance which surpassed its modest size. In the last decades scholars have been nearly unanimous in emphasising that long-term climatic and environmental changes created a situation where Norse agriculture was no longer sustainable and the community was ruined. A secondary hypothesis has focused on ethnic confrontations between Norse peasants and Inuit hunters. In the last decades ethnic violence has been on the rise in Eastern Europe, the Middle East and parts of Africa. In some cases it has degenerated into ethnic cleansing. This has strengthened the interest in ethnic violence in past societies. Challenging traditional hypotheses is a source of progress in all science. The present book does this on the basis of relevant written and archaeological material respecting the methodology of both sciences.
Download or read book Farms and Churches in the Mediaeval Norse Settlements of Greenland written by Aage Roussell and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Greenland Norse written by Niels Lynnerup and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mediaeval Norse Settlements in Greenland written by K Fischer-Møller and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mediaeval Norse Settlements in Greenland written by Knud Fischer-Moeller and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The mediaeval Norse settlements in Greenland written by K. Fischer-Möller and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mediaeval Norse Settlements in Greenland Anthropological Investigations Etc Translated by W E Calvert written by Knud Ejvind FISCHER-MØLLER and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Vikings in North America written by Charles River Editors and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-02-09 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes accounts of the Vikings' expeditions from medieval sagas *Includes a bibliography for further reading *Includes a table of contents Over the centuries, the West has become fascinated by the Vikings, one of the most mysterious and interesting European civilizations. In addition to being perceived as a remarkably unique culture among its European counterparts, what's known and not known about the Vikings' accomplishments has added an intriguing aura to the historical narrative. Were they fierce and fearsome warriors? Were they the first Europeans to visit North America? It seems some of the legends are true, and some are just that, legend. The ubiquitous picture of the Vikings as horn-helmeted, brutish, hairy giants that mercilessly marauded among the settlements of Northern Europe is based on a smattering of fact combined with an abundance of prejudicial historical writing by those who were on the receiving end of Viking depredations. At the same time, much of the popular picture of the Vikings is a result of the romantic imagination of novelists and artists. However, the Vikings' reputation for ferocious seaborne attacks along the coasts of Northern Europe is no exaggeration. It is true that the Norsemen, who traded extensively throughout Europe, often increased the profits obtained from their nautical ventures through plunder, acquiring precious metals and slaves. Of course, the Vikings were not the only ones participating in this kind of income generation; between the 8th and the 11th centuries, European tribes, clans, kingdoms and monastic communities were quite adept at fighting with each other for the purpose of obtaining booty. The Vikings were simply more consistently successful than their contemporaries and thus became suitable symbols for the iniquity of the times. Of course, the military reputation came about because the Vikings were the great mariners and explorers of medieval Europe. While many of their journeys were ones of conquest, they also had a deep love of exploration, and from their homeland in Scandinavia, they traveled as far as North America and became the first Europeans who are known to have set foot on what is now Canada. It was not until 1960 that the actual site of a Viking settlement in Vinland was found. At the tip of the Great Northern Peninsula in Newfoundland, Canada, a small Viking settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows was excavated, with the foundations of three residential halls have been found. These halls would have housed between 70 and 90 people. As well as the sod covered halls, a smithy where nails were made and a small boat repair building have been found. It is believed that this settlement, which may have had as many as 500 inhabitants, is one of two settlements called Straumfjord and Hop mentioned in the Saga of Erik the Red as being his Vinland bases. L'Anse aux Meadows is thought to be the former, and it is believed that Hop was a summer camp perhaps as far south as New Brunswick. The native inhabitants of the New World were called Skrellings by the Vikings, and there is evidence that they engaged in battle with the Beothuks at L'Anse aux Meadows and the Mi'kmaq people further south. While there is still debate over where exactly the Norse settled the land, there is no hard evidence that they ventured further south than Newfoundland, where remains of a settlement have been found. If they had rounded Cape Breton and crossed the Cabot Strait, they would have come to a markedly different environment that would probably have compelled the explorers to come up with a fourth name for the region south of Vinland. The Vikings in North America chronicles the historic voyages the Vikings made to North America and what's known and unknown about their pre-Columbian settlements. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Norse colonization of North America like never before, in no time at all.
Download or read book Norse in the North Atlantic written by Ryan Sines and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
