Download or read book The Mathematics Of Generalization written by David. H Wolpert and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-03-05 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides different mathematical frameworks for addressing supervised learning. It is based on a workshop held under the auspices of the Center for Nonlinear Studies at Los Alamos and the Santa Fe Institute in the summer of 1992.
Download or read book The Mathematics Of Generalization written by David H. Wolpert and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 1995-01-20 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mathematical Knowledge Its Growth Through Teaching written by Alan Bishop and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first BACOMET volume different perspectives on issues concerning teacher education in mathematics were presented (B. Christiansen, A. G. Howson and M. Otte, Perspectives on Mathematics Education, Reidel, Dordrecht, 1986). Underlying all of them was the fundamental problem area of the relationships between mathematical knowledge and the teaching and learning processes. The subsequent project BACOMET 2, whose outcomes are presented in this book, continued this work, especially by focusing on the genesis of mathematical knowledge in the classroom. The book developed over the period 1985-9 through several meetings, much discussion and considerable writing and redrafting. Our major concern was to try to analyse what we considered to be the most significant aspects of the relationships in order to enable mathematics educators to be better able to handle the kinds of complex issues facing all mathematics educators as we approach the end of the twentieth century. With access to mathematics education widening all the time, with a multi tude of new materials and resources being available each year, with complex cultural and social interactions creating a fluctuating context of education, with all manner of technology becoming more and more significant, and with both informal education (through media of different kinds) and non formal education (courses of training etc. ) growing apace, the nature of formal mathematical education is increasingly needing analysis.
Download or read book Learning and Generalisation written by Mathukumalli Vidyasagar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does a machine learn a new concept on the basis of examples? This second edition takes account of important new developments in the field. It also deals extensively with the theory of learning control systems, now comparably mature to learning of neural networks.
Download or read book Conflicts Between Generalization Rigor and Intuition written by Gert Schubring and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-10 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is, as may be readily apparent, the fruit of many years’ labor in archives and libraries, unearthing rare books, researching Nachlässe, and above all, systematic comparative analysis of fecund sources. The work not only demanded much time in preparation, but was also interrupted by other duties, such as time spent as a guest professor at universities abroad, which of course provided welcome opportunities to present and discuss the work, and in particular, the organizing of the 1994 International Graßmann Conference and the subsequent editing of its proceedings. If it is not possible to be precise about the amount of time spent on this work, it is possible to be precise about the date of its inception. In 1984, during research in the archive of the École polytechnique, my attention was drawn to the way in which the massive rupture that took place in 1811—precipitating the change back to the synthetic method and replacing the limit method by the method of the quantités infiniment petites—significantly altered the teaching of analysis at this first modern institution of higher education, an institution originally founded as a citadel of the analytic method.
Download or read book Approaches to Algebra written by N. Bednarz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Greek geometry, there is an arithmetic of magnitudes in which, in terms of numbers, only integers are involved. This theory of measure is limited to exact measure. Operations on magnitudes cannot be actually numerically calculated, except if those magnitudes are exactly measured by a certain unit. The theory of proportions does not have access to such operations. It cannot be seen as an "arithmetic" of ratios. Even if Euclidean geometry is done in a highly theoretical context, its axioms are essentially semantic. This is contrary to Mahoney's second characteristic. This cannot be said of the theory of proportions, which is less semantic. Only synthetic proofs are considered rigorous in Greek geometry. Arithmetic reasoning is also synthetic, going from the known to the unknown. Finally, analysis is an approach to geometrical problems that has some algebraic characteristics and involves a method for solving problems that is different from the arithmetical approach. 3. GEOMETRIC PROOFS OF ALGEBRAIC RULES Until the second half of the 19th century, Euclid's Elements was considered a model of a mathematical theory. This may be one reason why geometry was used by algebraists as a tool to demonstrate the accuracy of rules otherwise given as numerical algorithms. It may also be that geometry was one way to represent general reasoning without involving specific magnitudes. To go a bit deeper into this, here are three geometric proofs of algebraic rules, the frrst by Al-Khwarizmi, the other two by Cardano.
Download or read book Advanced Mathematical Thinking written by David Tall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first major study of advanced mathematical thinking as performed by mathematicians and taught to students in senior high school and university. Topics covered include the psychology of advanced mathematical thinking, the processes involved, mathematical creativity, proof, the role of definitions, symbols, and reflective abstraction. It is highly appropriate for the college professor in mathematics or the general mathematics educator.
Download or read book A Generalization of Bohr Mollerup s Theorem for Higher Order Convex Functions written by Jean-Luc Marichal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-06 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1922, Harald Bohr and Johannes Mollerup established a remarkable characterization of the Euler gamma function using its log-convexity property. A decade later, Emil Artin investigated this result and used it to derive the basic properties of the gamma function using elementary methods of the calculus. Bohr-Mollerup's theorem was then adopted by Nicolas Bourbaki as the starting point for his exposition of the gamma function. This open access book develops a far-reaching generalization of Bohr-Mollerup's theorem to higher order convex functions, along lines initiated by Wolfgang Krull, Roger Webster, and some others but going considerably further than past work. In particular, this generalization shows using elementary techniques that a very rich spectrum of functions satisfy analogues of several classical properties of the gamma function, including Bohr-Mollerup's theorem itself, Euler's reflection formula, Gauss' multiplication theorem, Stirling's formula, and Weierstrass' canonical factorization. The scope of the theory developed in this work is illustrated through various examples, ranging from the gamma function itself and its variants and generalizations (q-gamma, polygamma, multiple gamma functions) to important special functions such as the Hurwitz zeta function and the generalized Stieltjes constants. This volume is also an opportunity to honor the 100th anniversary of Bohr-Mollerup's theorem and to spark the interest of a large number of researchers in this beautiful theory.
Download or read book Pattern in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics written by Anthony Orton and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2004-10-01 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly illustrated book draws together the wide variety of studies in the learning of mathematics undertaken by the Pattern in Mathematics Research Group at the University of Leeds. Their purpose has been '... to provide structure and support to ... studies of children's perception, conception and use of pattern in learning mathematics'. Set up in 1992, they have embraced work across the whole curriculum, and through all the years of compulsory schooling. As each chapter of this book relates to a different study that was undertaken, the reader can dip in and select relevant material. At the same time, the editor has ensured continuity and progression, allowing the book to be approached as a whole: the early chapters are concerned with very young children; subsequent chapters deal with the primary and middle age ranges, and later ones relate to secondary school work. With individual chapters relating to number, algebra, shape, graphic relations and probability, this new volume provides guidance for teachers of pupils of all age groups. Patterns in mathematics are of immense importance; this book relates pattern to the teaching of mathematics through all years of school. Practical and original, it is closely tied to the National Curriculum. It is a source of new ideas for mathematic teachers at all levels.
Download or read book A Theory of Learning and Generalization written by Mathukumalli Vidyasagar and published by Springer. This book was released on 1997 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Theory of Learning and Generalization provides a formal mathematical theory for addressing intuitive questions of the type: How does a machine learn a new concept on the basis of examples? How can a neural network, after sufficient training, correctly predict the output of a previously unseen input? How much training is required to achieve a specified level of accuracy in the prediction? How can one "identify" the dynamical behaviour of a nonlinear control system by observing its input-output behaviour over a finite interval of time? This is the first book to treat the problem of machine learning in conjunction with the theory of empirical processes, the latter being a well-established branch of probability theory. The treatment of both topics side by side leads to new insights, as well as new results in both topics. An extensive references section and open problems will help readers to develop their own work in the field.
Download or read book Differential Geometry written by R.W. Sharpe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-11-21 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cartan geometries were the first examples of connections on a principal bundle. They seem to be almost unknown these days, in spite of the great beauty and conceptual power they confer on geometry. The aim of the present book is to fill the gap in the literature on differential geometry by the missing notion of Cartan connections. Although the author had in mind a book accessible to graduate students, potential readers would also include working differential geometers who would like to know more about what Cartan did, which was to give a notion of "espaces généralisés" (= Cartan geometries) generalizing homogeneous spaces (= Klein geometries) in the same way that Riemannian geometry generalizes Euclidean geometry. In addition, physicists will be interested to see the fully satisfying way in which their gauge theory can be truly regarded as geometry.
Download or read book The R E A L Model Rethinking Generalization written by Brenda Terzich and published by . This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Practitioner's Guide to Teach for Generalization Within ABA Treatment for Autism and Other Disabilities
Download or read book Mathematics For Physics An Illustrated Handbook written by Adam Marsh and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-11-27 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book complements traditional textbooks by providing a visual yet rigorous survey of the mathematics used in theoretical physics beyond that typically covered in undergraduate math and physics courses. The exposition is pedagogical but compact, and the emphasis is on defining and visualizing concepts and relationships between them, as well as listing common confusions, alternative notations and jargon, and relevant facts and theorems. Special attention is given to detailed figures and geometric viewpoints. Certain topics which are well covered in textbooks, such as historical motivations, proofs and derivations, and tools for practical calculations, are avoided. The primary physical models targeted are general relativity, spinors, and gauge theories, with notable chapters on Riemannian geometry, Clifford algebras, and fiber bundles.
Download or read book The Process of Mathematical Generalization written by Dorothy Bothwell Kohlmetz and published by . This book was released on 1933 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mathematical Programming The State of the Art written by A. Bachem and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late forties, Mathematical Programming became a scientific discipline in its own right. Since then it has experienced a tremendous growth. Beginning with economic and military applications, it is now among the most important fields of applied mathematics with extensive use in engineering, natural sciences, economics, and biological sciences. The lively activity in this area is demonstrated by the fact that as early as 1949 the first "Symposium on Mathe matical Programming" took place in Chicago. Since then mathematical programmers from all over the world have gath ered at the intfrnational symposia of the Mathematical Programming Society roughly every three years to present their recent research, to exchange ideas with their colleagues and to learn about the latest developments in their own and related fields. In 1982, the XI. International Symposium on Mathematical Programming was held at the University of Bonn, W. Germany, from August 23 to 27. It was organized by the Institut fUr Okonometrie und Operations Re search of the University of Bonn in collaboration with the Sonderforschungs bereich 21 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. This volume constitutes part of the outgrowth of this symposium and docu ments its scientific activities. Part I of the book contains information about the symposium, welcoming addresses, lists of committees and sponsors and a brief review about the Ful kerson Prize and the Dantzig Prize which were awarded during the opening ceremony.
Download or read book Distribution Theory and Transform Analysis written by A.H. Zemanian and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2011-11-30 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distribution theory, a relatively recent mathematical approach to classical Fourier analysis, not only opened up new areas of research but also helped promote the development of such mathematical disciplines as ordinary and partial differential equations, operational calculus, transformation theory, and functional analysis. This text was one of the first to give a clear explanation of distribution theory; it combines the theory effectively with extensive practical applications to science and engineering problems. Based on a graduate course given at the State University of New York at Stony Brook, this book has two objectives: to provide a comparatively elementary introduction to distribution theory and to describe the generalized Fourier and Laplace transformations and their applications to integrodifferential equations, difference equations, and passive systems. After an introductory chapter defining distributions and the operations that apply to them, Chapter 2 considers the calculus of distributions, especially limits, differentiation, integrations, and the interchange of limiting processes. Some deeper properties of distributions, such as their local character as derivatives of continuous functions, are given in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 introduces the distributions of slow growth, which arise naturally in the generalization of the Fourier transformation. Chapters 5 and 6 cover the convolution process and its use in representing differential and difference equations. The distributional Fourier and Laplace transformations are developed in Chapters 7 and 8, and the latter transformation is applied in Chapter 9 to obtain an operational calculus for the solution of differential and difference equations of the initial-condition type. Some of the previous theory is applied in Chapter 10 to a discussion of the fundamental properties of certain physical systems, while Chapter 11 ends the book with a consideration of periodic distributions. Suitable for a graduate course for engineering and science students or for a senior-level undergraduate course for mathematics majors, this book presumes a knowledge of advanced calculus and the standard theorems on the interchange of limit processes. A broad spectrum of problems has been included to satisfy the diverse needs of various types of students.
Download or read book Mathematical Logic written by J.D. Monk and published by Springer. This book was released on 1976-10-01 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Introduction: "We shall base our discussion on a set-theoretical foundation like that used in developing analysis, or algebra, or topology. We may consider our task as that of giving a mathematical analysis of the basic concepts of logic and mathematics themselves. Thus we treat mathematical and logical practice as given empirical data and attempt to develop a purely mathematical theory of logic abstracted from these data." There are 31 chapters in 5 parts and approximately 320 exercises marked by difficulty and whether or not they are necessary for further work in the book.
