Download or read book The Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Polychlorinated N alkanes and the Methodology for Their Analysis in the Environment written by Gregg T. Tomy and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Polychlorinated N alkanes and the Methodology for Their Analysis in the Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major objective of the research was to develop a method for sensitive and specific analysis of C$\sb{10}$-C$\sb{13}$ polychloroalkanes (PCAs) in environmental samples. Our method of choice became high resolution gas chromatography/electron capture negative ion high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/ECNI-HRMS) in the selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The development of the method involved several steps: (a) Because commercial PCA preparations may contain several thousands of compounds, eight representative compounds of known structure were synthesized in order to examine their chromatographic and mass spectral properties. (b) The electron ionization (EI) positive ion mass spectra, generated with a Kratos Concept (EBE geometry) mass spectrometer, were interpreted with the aid of unimolecular and collision assisted dissociation mass spectra, and enthalpy of formation and force-field estimates of strain energy of ions. (c) ECNI mass spectra were investigated under various ion source conditions to find optimum parameters for sensitivity. (d) Based on these results, a profile of the components of significant abundance in the PCA is determined by an ECNI selected ion monitoring method. (e) Finally, a quantitative analytical procedure was developed. Total PCA concentrations ($\Sigma$PCAs) in sediment samples from the mouth of the Detroit River (MI) (0.3 $\mu$g/g) were higher than of $\Sigma$DDT $\Sigma$DT plus metabolites) (0.19 $\mu$g/g) but lower than of $\Sigma$PCBs (1.5 $\mu$g/g) and $\Sigma$PCTs (2.5 $\mu$g/g). $\Sigma$PCA levels in yellow perch (1.0 $\mu$g/g) were similar to $\Sigma$PCB levels in silver bass (0.09-1.2$\mu$g/g). Mean $\Sigma$PCA levels $(n=5)$ in air samples from Egbert, Ont., (44$\sp\circ$ 14$\sp\prime$ N, 79$\sp\circ$ 47$\sp\prime$ W), collected in 1990, were 543 $\pm$ 318 pg/m$\sp3$, which is similar to $\Sigma$PCB levels (74-682 pg/m$ sp3$) reported earlier. The highest observed $\Sigma$PCA concentration of 924 pg/m$\sp3$ was higher than the.
Download or read book The Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Polychlorinated N alkanes and the Methodology for Their Analysis in the Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology written by George W. Ware and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology provides detailed review articles concerned with aspects of chemical contaminants, including pesticides, in the total environment with toxicological considerations and consequences.
Download or read book Dioxin and Related Compounds written by Mehran Alaee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-13 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a tribute to Professor Otto Hutzinger, the founding editor of The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, in recognition of his pioneering work and contribution to our understanding of the sources, fate, exposure and effects of persistent organic pollutants. It consists of fourteen chapters written by individuals who have been inspired by his work and have followed in his footsteps by refining our knowledge of this field and opening new research directions. In Professor Hutzinger’s tradition of passing on valuable information to others, the authors present recent advances in areas such as inventories, remediation, and analytical determinations. Levels and trends in abiotic environments, biota, and human exposure via food, as well as the risks to the environment and humans from polychlorinated dibenzo dioxins, furans, and PCBs are also discussed. Other chapters deal with the relevant topics of DDT and its metabolites along with halogenated and phosphorus flame retardants.
Download or read book Chlorinated Paraffins written by C. de Boer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-06-17 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chlorinated paraffins are one of the last classes of chlorinated compounds that are still being produced worldwide and used in high quantities in many applications. They are particularly used in cutting oils in the metal industry, but also as lubricants, plasticizers, flame retardants and as additives in adhesives, rubber, paints and sealants. This volume covers the state-of-the-art of methods for the synthesis and analysis of chlorinated paraffins. Experts in the field provide an overview of their worldwide occurrence and utilization and describe their toxicological properties. International regulations and production volumes are presented as well as an example of a risk assessment study that was carried out in Japan. This book is a valuable and comprehensive source of information for environmental scientists interested in the occurrence and toxicology of chlorinated paraffins and for authorities and producers.
Download or read book Analysis and Fate of Emerging Brominated and Fluorinated Organic Pollutants written by Jeong-Eun Oh and published by . This book was released on 2020-01-10 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis and Fate of Emerging Brominated and Fluorinated Organic Pollutants, Volume 87 in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series, contains a wide range of topics on flame retardants in the environment, specifically focusing on halogenated flame retardants. New chapters in this release include an Introduction of emerging halogenated flame retardants in the environment, Analysis of emerging halogenated flame Retardants in environment, Toxicity of emerging halogenated organic chemicals, Occurrence and fate of emerging halogenated flame retardants in environment, Emerging halogenated flame retardants in indoor environment, Food contamination on emerging halogenated flame retardants, Human exposure to emerging halogenated flame retardants, and much more. Provides the current research results on emerging halogenated flame retardants Contains all research subjects about emerging halogenated flame retardants, from analysis to human exposure Presents critical information on halogenated flame retardants
Download or read book New Types of Persistent Halogenated Compounds written by Jaakko Paasivirta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-01-26 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Chemistry is a relatively young science. Interest in this subject, however, is growing very rapidly and, although no agreement has been reached as yet about the exact content and limits of this interdisciplinary discipline, there appears to be increasing interest in seeing environmental topics which are based on chemistry embodied in this subject. One of the first objectives of Environ mental Chemistry must be the study of the environment and of natural chemical processes which occur in the environment. A major purpose of this series on Environmental Chemistry, therefore, is to present a reasonably uniform view of various aspects of the chemistry of the environment and chemical reactions occurring in the environment. The industrial activities of man have given a new dimension to Environ mental Chemistry. We have now synthesized and described over five million chemical compounds and chemical industry produces about hundred and fifty million tons of synthetic chemicals annually. We ship billions of tons of oil per year and through mining operations and other geophysical modifications, large quantities of inorganic and organic materials are released from their natural deposits. Cities and metropolitan areas of up to 15 million inhabitants produce large quantities of waste in relatively small and confined areas. Much of the chemical products and waste products of modern society are released into the environment either during production, storage, transport, use or ultimate disposal. These released materials participate in natural cycles and reactions and frequently lead to interference and disturbance of natural systems.
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry of Polymers New Techniques written by Minna Hakkarainen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-25 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging Mass Spectrometric Tools for Analysis of Polymers and Polymer Additives, by Nina Aminlashgari and Minna Hakkarainen. Analysis of Polymer Additives and Impurities by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Capillary Electrophoresis/Mass Spectrometry, by Wolfgang Buchberger and Martin Stiftinger. Direct Insertion Probe Mass Spectrometry of Polymers, by Jale Hacaloglu Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Oligo- and Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives, by Petra Mischnick. Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry for Molecular Level Understanding of Polymer Degradation, by Minna Hakkarainen.
Download or read book Environmental Forensics for Persistent Organic Pollutants written by Gwen O'Sullivan and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-11-20 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Forensics for Persistent Organic Pollutants represents the state-of-the-art in environmental forensics in relation to persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The book is a complete reference for practitioners and students, covering a range of topics from new analytical techniques to regulatory and legal status in the global community. Through case studies from leading international experts, real-world issues — including the allocation of responsibility for release into the environment — are resolved through the application of advanced analytical and scientific techniques. This book introduces and assesses the development of new techniques and technologies to trace the source and fate of newly emerging and classic POPs (perfluoroalkyl substances, brominated flame retardants, organochlorine pesticides, perfluorinated chemicals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls) in environmental media, including atmospheric, marine, freshwater, and urban environments. Real-world case studies show the application of advanced analytical and scientific techniques Discussion of GC*GC provides an introduction and assessment of a novel technique from leaders in the field Introduces the development of new analytical techniques (such as 2-D GC*HC and LC*LC) to trace the source and fate Raises awareness about the health and environmental impact of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) Outlines the development of international measures to control POPs so that chemists can understand the legal issues
Download or read book Specific Alternative Mass Spectrometric Techniques for the Trace Analysis of Chlordanes and Polychlorinated N alkanes written by Zdenek Zencak and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book MALDI Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis written by Liang Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-10-22 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles and Practices of Polymer Mass Spectrometry helps readers acquire the skills necessary for selecting the optimal methods, handling samples, analyzing the data, and interpreting the results of the mass spectrometry of polymers. This guide describes the principles of polymer MS and best practices in polymer characterization. It discusses different approaches, including MALDI, ESI, TOF MS, and FT-MS. It provides a guide to developing appropriate sample preparation protocols for different polymers. Complete with examples of applications and experiments, this is an excellent reference for scientists, researchers, graduate students, and others.
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry written by Christopher Barner-Kowollik and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-10 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining an up-to-date insight into mass-spectrometric polymer analysis beyond MALDI with application details of the instrumentation, this is a balanced and thorough presentation of the most important and widely used mass-spectrometric methods. Written by the world's most proficient experts in the field, the book focuses on the latest developments, covering such technologies and applications as ionization protocols, tandem and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, gas-phase ion-separation techniques and automated data processing. Chapters on sample preparation, polymer degradation and the usage of mass-spectrometric tools on an industrial scale round off the book. As a result, both entrants to the field and experienced researchers are able to choose the appropriate methods and instrumentations -- and to assess their respective strengths and limitations -- for the characterization of polymer compounds.
Download or read book Development of a Novel Mass Spectrometric Methodology for the Analysis of Hydrocarbon Content in Light Shredder Waste written by Nadim Hourani and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lack of a routine characterization method for non-volatile hydrocarbons has been an ongoing problem preventing mass spectrometry from the analysis of these hydrocarbons within many sources. Non-polar hydrocarbons are still difficult to be detected by mass spectrometry. Although several studies targeted this problem, lack of self-ionization has been limiting the ability of mass spectrometry to examine these hydrocarbons. A novel identification method for saturated straight-chain hydrocarbons in light shredder waste fraction under atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) has been developed. Ionization of alkanes under nitrogen gas source favoured hydrogen abstraction producing majorly (M-H)+ ions which are strictly corresponding to their respective series of n-alkanes between n-decane (C10) and n-tetracontane (C40). The method is shown to produce intact gas phase ions of n-alkane in both reference and real life waste samples. APCI-MS2 fragmentation data assisted in the structural verification of the n-alkanes investigated in both standard and waste mixtures. Additionally the total chemical composition of the light shredder waste fraction was translated by the same method. The mass spectrum displayed a bimodal distribution of odd and even mass ions with a molecular weight distribution range of m/z 200-900 Da. Molecular formulas for a 1000 unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds suggested a dehydrogenation process. The molecular masses were plotted on a Kendrick plot which was successfully employed for monitoring sample degradation. Another selection of high mass linear, branched and cyclic hydrocarbons, reported to be notoriously difficult to ionize, were examined during this study. Using optimized APCI conditions all of these analytes could be ionized without the use of an additional ionization aid and without fragmentation. This finding represents a promising step towards extending the applicability of mass spectrometry to complex non-polar hydrocarbon analyses.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book MALDI Mass Spectrometry for Synthetic Polymer Analysis written by Liang Li and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2009-12-09 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles and Practices of Polymer Mass Spectrometry helps readers acquire the skills necessary for selecting the optimal methods, handling samples, analyzing the data, and interpreting the results of the mass spectrometry of polymers. This guide describes the principles of polymer MS and best practices in polymer characterization. It discusses different approaches, including MALDI, ESI, TOF MS, and FT-MS. It provides a guide to developing appropriate sample preparation protocols for different polymers. Complete with examples of applications and experiments, this is an excellent reference for scientists, researchers, graduate students, and others.
Download or read book Anthropogenic Compounds written by and published by Springer. This book was released on 1980 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
