Download or read book The Long Term Valuation Effects of Voluntary Dual Class Share Unifications written by Beni Lauterbach and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study 121 voluntary dual class share unification in Europe during 1996-2009, and uncover a mixed tale of governance improvements and shareholder expropriation. Corporate governance improvement is attained by abolishing the wedge between ownership and voting rights and by significantly decreasing controlling shareholders' voting power. Shareholder expropriation occurs when some controlling shareholders exploit the unification hype to sell part or all of their holdings at inflated prices. On average, the corporate governance positive valuation effects prevail, and voluntary unifications are accompanied by a statistically and economically significant increase of Q.

Download or read book Founders without Limits written by Bobby Reddy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-11-11 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive collation of the international history of, and evidence on, dual-class stock, and their relevance to UK policy.

Download or read book Mergers Acquisitions and Other Restructuring Activities written by Donald DePamphilis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mergers, Acquisitions, and Other Restructuring Activities: An Integrated Approach to Process, Tools, Cases, and Solutions, Ninth Edition, is the most current, comprehensive and cutting-edge text on M&A and corporate restructuring available. It includes many of the most up-to-date and notable deals and precedent setting judicial decisions, as well as new regulations, trends and tactics employed in M&As. The implications of recent developments such as negative interest rates on valuation and the backlash against globalization for cross-border M&As are discussed. More than 90% of the case studies are new for this edition, involving deals either announced or completed during the last several years. It is comprehensive in that nearly all aspects of M&As and corporate restructuring are explored from business plan development to target selection and valuation to negotiation and post-merger integration. It is cutting edge in that conclusions and insights are anchored by the most recent academic research, with references to more than 160 empirical studies published in leading peer-reviewed journals just since the release of the last edition in 2015. Teaches about the financial, legal, accounting and strategic elements of mergers and acquisitions by concentrating on the ways their agents interact Emphasizes current events and trends through new and updated cases Highlights international mergers and acquisitions activities

Download or read book Timing and Wealth Effects of German Dual Class Stock Unifications written by Ingolf Dittmann and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the reasons and the costs of separating ownership from control by analyzing the decision of German dual class firms to consolidate their share structure from dual to single class equity between 1990 and 2001. We find that the firm value increases significantly by an average 4% on the announcement day. A significant part of the variation in abnormal returns can be explained by the ownership structure and by changes in liquidity. A logit analysis of the unification decision yields that firms are more likely to unify if their controlling shareholder loses only little voting power in a stock unification. Also, firms that are financially constrained are more likely to abolish dual class shares; these firms often issue additional shares after the stock unification.A previous version of this paper was circulated via SSRN under the title When do Firms Abolish Dual-Class Stocks?

Download or read book Mutual market connectivity and Hong Kong market innovations for new economy financing written by 巴曙松 BA Shusong and published by 商務印書館(香港)有限公司. This book was released on 2019-10-30 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amid the global financial turbulence, the Mutual Market Access (MMA) programme, comprising the Shanghai Connect, the Shenzhen Connect and the Bond Connect, has solidified Hong Kong’s status as a unique financial hub connecting the East and the West and, in this process, has explored a new path for the opening-up of China’s capital market. In the face of economic structural changes across the globe, Hong Kong seeks to look into innovations in financing the new economy, and has built up experiences for reference in the Asian time zone. Hong Kong is gradually establishing a new ecosystem around new-economy enterprises and has made them new targets of investment for both Mainland and overseas investors trading under MMA. This book is the first bilingual title in the market that explains in detail the MMA model between Hong Kong and Mainland China and innovations in new-economy financing, in which experts and research teams who are experienced in these areas discuss in-depth on the key functional drivers of innovations in Hong Kong and the Mainland, including the “MMA”, “new-economy financing” and “global asset allocation”. Elaborating the unique concepts of the MMA model and summarising what HKEX has learned in its reforms in new-economy financing, this book shall come in handy for market participants to make better use of the MMA model and benefit from the latest reforms of Hong Kong’s listing regime. 透過「互聯互通」框架，利用香港上市融資優勢，接軌國際金融市場 市場上首本深入闡述內地與香港「互聯互通」和新經濟融資創新的中、英雙語著作 國際金融環境動蕩，以「滬港通」、「深港通」和「債券通」為代表的互聯互通機制，奠定了香港連接東西的獨特金融樞紐地位，也為中國資本市場的對外開放探索出一條新路徑。 全球經濟結構面臨轉型，香港在新經濟融資創新方面不斷探索，積累了亞洲時區可供參考的經驗，促進香港市場逐步形成圍繞新經濟企業的新生態圈，為參與「互聯互通」的海內外投資者提供了新的標的。 本書是市場上第一本深入闡述香港與內地的互聯互通和新經濟融資創新的中、英雙語著作，由在相關領域具有豐富業務經驗的專業人士和研究力量，圍繞近年來促進香港和內地金融業開放創新的最關鍵動能：「互聯互通」、「新經濟融資」、「全球資產配置」展開深入討論，系統梳理互聯互通的獨特設計理念，總結香港交易所新經濟融資的改革探索經驗，為市場參與者更好地把握「互聯互通」和新上市制度改革帶來的制度紅利，提供系統的專業研究支持。 序——在國際大變局中探索香港的獨特戰略定位 李小加 香港交易所 集團行政總裁 Preface –Exploring Hong Kong’s Unique Strategic Positioning in the Face of International Changes Charles Li Chief Executive, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited 第一篇——互聯互通與新經濟融資的新趨勢 Part I – The New Trend of Connectivity and New-Economy Financing 第1章—互聯互通：香港成為連接中國與世界的金融樞紐 Chapter 1 – Mutual Market Access: Hong Kong as a Financial Hub Connecting China and the World 李小加 香港交易所 集團行政總裁 Charles Li Chief Executive, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited 第2章—新經濟融資創新與香港的探索 Chapter 2 – Financing Innocation for the New Economy and Hong Kong’s Explorations 陸挺 野村國際（香港）休閒公司 環球市場部 中國經濟學家 Ting Lu Chief China Economist, Global Markets, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited 王立升 野村國際（香港）休閒公司 環球市場部 中國經濟學家 Lisheng Wang China Economist, Global Markets, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited 王競 野村國際（香港）休閒公司 環球市場部 中國經濟學家 Jing Wang China Economist, Global Markets, Nomura International (Hong Kong) Limited 第3章—互聯互通開啟中國資本市場新紀元 Chapter 3 – Stock Connect Ushers in a New Era for China’s Capital Market 洪灝 交銀國際控股有限公司 研究部主管兼董事總經理 Hau Hong Head of Research and Managing Director, BOCOM International Holdings Company Limited 第二篇——新經濟公司的上市制度改革和融資創新 Part II–The Listing Reform and Financing Innovation for New-Economy Companies 第4章—香港聯交所的新股上市流程和重點 Chapter 4 – Initial Public Offering (IPO) and Listing Process on the SEHK with Highlights 香港交易所 首席中國經濟學家辦公室及環球上市服務部 Chief China Economist’s Office and Global Issuer Services, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited 第5章—香港的新股上市制度改革與突破 Chapter 5 – Reform and Breakthrough of Hong Kong’s Listing Regime 香港交易所 首席中國經濟學家辦公室及環球上市服務部 Chief China Economist’s Office and Global Issuer Services, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited 第6章—雙重股權架構的香港實踐 Chapter 6 – The Practice of Dual-Class Share Structure in Hong Kong 香港交易所 首席中國經濟學家辦公室 Chief China Economist’s Office, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited 第7章—同股不同權：對投資者是好？是壞？ Weighted Voting Rights: Angel or Evil to Investors? 香港交易所 首席中國經濟學家辦公室 Chief China Economist’s Office, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited 第8章—海外債市支持新經濟公司發展 Chapter 8 – Overseas Bond Markets Support the Development of Chinese New-Economy Enterprises 邱志明 花旗環球金融亞洲有限公司 資本市場部董事總經理、亞洲債務發行部聯席主管 Adrian Khoo Managing Director, Capital Markets Origination and Co-Head of Asia Debt Origination, Citigroup Global Markets Asia Limited 蔣國榮 花旗環球金融亞洲有限公司 董事總經理、中國企業與投資銀行部主席兼主管 Jiang Guorong Managing Director, Chairman and Head of China Corporate and Investment Banking, Citigroup Global Markets Asia Limited 方寶榮 花旗環球金融亞洲有限公司 中國投資銀行部董事總經理 Katherine Fang, Managing Director, China Investment Banking, Citigroup Global Markets Asia Limited 茅駿翔 花旗環球金融亞洲有限公司 資本市場部董事總經理 Mao Junxiang, David Managing Director, Capital Markets Origination, Citigroup Global Markets Asia Limited 第9章—新經濟公司的海外併購與融資安排 Chapter 9 – New-Economy Companies’ Overseas Mergers and Acquisitions and Financing 吳衛軍 德勤中國 副主席兼金融服務業領導合夥人 David Wu Vice President and Financial Services Industry Leader, Deloitte China 許思濤 德勤中國 首席經濟學家兼德勤研究負責人及合夥人 Sitao Xu Chief Economist, Head of Deloitte Research and Partner, Deloitte China 余雲 德勤中國 風險諮詢兼司庫服務合夥人 Yun Yu Risk Advisory and Treasury Service Partner, Deloitte China 周穎 德勤中國 稅務服務兼全球基礎設施業務中心合夥人 Nina Zhou Tax Service and Global Infrastructure Services Centre Partner, Deloitte China 第三篇——互聯互通成為海內外資產跨境配置的新平台 Part III – The Connectivity Platform for Onshore and Offshore Cross-Border Asset Allocation 第10章—MSCI納入中國A股的歷程和影響 Chpater 10 – China A Shares inclusion into MSCI Indices: The Journey and Impact 魏震 MSCI中國研究主管 第11章—滬深港互聯互通上市公司可提供的「一帶一路」投資機遇 Chapter 11 – “Belt and Road” Investment Opportunities Offered by Stock Connect Companies 香港交易所 首席中國經濟學家辦公室 Chief China Economist’s Office, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited 第12章—投資亞洲生物科技市場的指標：中華交易服務香港生物科技指數 Chapter 12 – Investment Benchmark for Asia’s Biotechnology Sector: CES HK Biotechnology Index 香港交易所 首席中國經濟學家辦公室及中華交易服務有限公司 Chief China Economist’s Office, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited and China Exchanges Services Company Limited 第13章—內地及香港證券市場對大手交易需求漸殷 Chapter 13 – Rising Demand for the Block Trading in the Mainland and in Hong Kong Securities Markets 香港交易所 首席中國經濟學家辦公室 Chief China Economist’s Office, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited 第14章—香港ETF市場作為通向環球投資的用戶 Chapter 14 – Hong Kong’s ETF Market as a Door to Global Investment 香港交易所 首席中國經濟學家辦公室 Chief China Economist’s Office, Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited 第15章—關於發展香港ETF市場和跨境資產配置的政策建議 Chapter 15 – Policy Suggestions for the Development of the Hong Kong ETF Market and Cross-Border Asset Allocation 丁晨 南方東英資產管理有限公司 總裁 Chen Ding, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Executive Officer, CSOP Asset Management Limited 後記——把握全球金融格局變化的大趨勢，促進互聯互通和新經濟融資創新 Afterword – Promoting Mutual Market Access and Innovation in New-Economy Financing by Riding on the Change in Global Financial Landscape 巴曙松教授 香港交易所 首席中國經濟學家 中國銀行業協會 首席經濟學家 Professor Ba Shusong Chief China Economist, Hong Kong exchanges and Clearing Limited Chief Economist, China Banking Association

Download or read book Corporate Governance Matters written by David Larcker and published by FT Press. This book was released on 2020-10-07 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Definitive Guide to High-Performance Corporate Governance Fully updated for the latest research, trends, and regulations, Corporate Governance Matters, Third Edition, offers comprehensive and objective information for everyone seeking to improve corporate governance—from directors to institutional investors to policymakers and researchers. To help you design highly effective governance, David Larcker and Brian Tayan thoroughly examine current options, reviewing what is and isn't known about their impact on organizational performance. Throughout, they take a strictly empirical and non-ideological approach that reflects rigorous statistical and research analysis and real-life examples. They address issues ranging from board structure, processes, operations, and functional responsibilities to institutional investors, outside stakeholders, and alternative forms of governance. New discussions of: Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) activity and ratings Stakeholder interests CEO activism CEO misbehavior Cybersecurity risks Extensively revised coverage of: Executive compensation Leadership and succession planning Director recruitment, evaluation, turnover, and more The authors' balanced approach provides useful tools for making better, more informed decisions on governance.

Download or read book Dual Class Stock Unifications and Shareholders Expropriation written by Marco Bigelli and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An increasing number of firms with dual class shares are deciding to unify their shares around the world. In the most common type of stock unification a non-voting share can be converted into a voting share. In most countries either the price differential between the two classes of shares is low or a form of compensation for voting shareholders is provided. Italian stock unifications see the highest value of voting rights and no form of compensation for voting shareholders. I observe the 43 Italian stock unifications made in the 1974-2003 period and I develop a model that quantifies their wealth effects on the two classes of shares. Stock unifications can be a form of expropriation of minority voting shareholders, as confirmed by five case studies where majority shareholders hedge or even take advantage of such unifications by engaging in the following activities some months before the unification decision: buying relevant blocks of nv-shares, selling voting shares or approving stock option plans on nv-shares. At the stock unification announcement the price of a voting share in the five case studies dropped by a minimum of -4,26%, to a maximum of -10,41% confirming that dual class unifications can expropriate minority-voting shareholders to the benefit of the controlling shareholder and quot;luckyquot; minority nv-shareholders.

Download or read book Value Effects of a Dual class Share Structure and Statutory Limitations to Voting Rights Transferability written by Thaddäus Lenzin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies stock market reactions to a Swiss court ruling on the sale of shares in a Swiss company from October 2016. The study includes a hand-collected sample of 155 firms listed in Switzerland. The ruling represents a natural experiment-type situation to investigate price effects on dual-class firms. The study avoids endogeneity concerns, which are common in the literature on equity capital structures. The study finds evidence of statistically significant positive price reactions for shares of firms that have two of Sika's corporate governance characteristics: (1) dual-class equity structure; and (2) one shareholder controlling 50% or more of voting rights. On average, firms with these characteristics produced a statistically significant positive open-close return on the court ruling announcement. I provide evidence that the impact of the court ruling operates independently of statutory clauses, such as voting cap and opting-out. I interpret that these results show an increased perception of protection for outside shareholder of dual-class firms. The findings are not as robust when I estimate results for sub-sample tests or in the context of a long-term regression model. I also test the announcement of the sale as a reverse event. I find evidence for shares of firms with a shareholder holding at least 50% of voting rights or more to react negatively to the sale, which is the expected opposite reaction to the court ruling, while the equity capital structure of firms did not affect the stock-price reaction.

Download or read book Unifications of Dual Class Shares in Germany First Empirical Evidence on Liquidity Effects of Share Class Unifications written by Olaf Ehrhardt and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the unification of non-voting preference shares into a one share-one vote structure using a sample of all German dual-class companies from 1987 until 2003. We test several hypotheses with regard to the reasons for the abolition of preference shares. First, as the separation of ownership and control is viewed as a means of keeping control over a firm, a detailed analysis of changes in the ownership structure of firms abolishing their preference shares is performed. Indeed, family firms losing the majority of control by unifying their share classes seem to restrain from this step by selling controlling blocks before the unification. Second, dualclass firms may comprise higher agency costs due to the violation of the one share-one vote rule and, thus, face higher costs of equity capital. We apply two methods for estimating changes in the cost of capital of unifying firms : (i) we perform an event study to examine the market reaction to the announcement of share class unifications and (ii) we investigate bid-ask spreads before and after the unification computed from intraday trading data to analyze liquidity effects on the cost of capital associated with the unification. In sum, the unification of dual-class preference shares into single-class voting shares seems to be strictly shareholder value increasing. Dual-class firms seem to be able to significantly reduce their cost of capital through unification, because of increases in firm value as well as a substantial reduction in bid-ask spreads.

Download or read book E Commerce and Financial Services in Asia written by Gerhard Kling and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-10-18 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at the drivers in the emergence, development and internal and global expansion of Asian e-commerce businesses. It tackles the problems inherent in the globalization strategy of a Japanese financial services firm operating in the e-commerce sector. The business world has been transformed by information technology and online companies, which benefitted during the Covid-19 pandemic, unlike the traditional retail sector of the economy. The well-known Amazon has seen the emergence of Asian alternatives, Alibaba from China and Coupang from South Korea, both of which have the transnational venture capital firm SoftBank of Japan as a large share owner. This book explores performance and potential in e-commerce and fin-tech, internationalisation strategies, governance problems associated with foreign corporations in South Korea and anti-monopoly drive aimed at China’s tech giants. Diverse topics are covered, including the results, impacts and implications of US stock exchange listings, liability of foreignness, dual-class structure and importance of corporate governance and social responsibility signalling and messaging. The chapters also cover local and global expansion — takeovers, mergers and acquisitions, such as Lazada for the South East Asian market and levels of satisfaction and loyalty. Finally, SoftBank is used as an example of individual and collective entrepreneurial learning in the case of SoftBank Academia. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Asia Pacific Business Review.

Download or read book Long Term Changes in Voting Power and Control Structure Following the Unification of Dual Class Shares written by Beni Lauterbach and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Value of Voting Rights to Majority Shareholders written by Shmuel Hauser and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Value of Voting Rights to Majority Shareholders written by Shmuel Hauser and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study 84 dual class stock uni. cations, where superior vote shareholders gave up their superior voting status (all firm stocks became quot;one share one votequot;) and received (in most cases) compensation in the form of additional shares. Unifications are essentially intra-firm transactions of voting rights, and afford observation of the intra-firm assessed price of vote. The price of vote in unifications: 1) increases with the percentage vote lost by the majority shareholders, 2) is higher in family-controlled firms, 3) decreases with institutional investor holdings, and 4) is similar to the quot;outsidequot; price of vote implicit in the market prices of stocks.quot.

Download or read book The Disclosure Effects of Dual Class Ownership Structures written by Surjit Tinaikar and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation thesis provides evidence that the detachment of control rights from cash flow rights in US and Canadian dual class share firms are associated with lower levels of voluntary disclosure. While prior studies have looked at the effect of ownership concentration on disclosure, this study focuses on one mechanism through which concentrated ownership is achieved and its effect on voluntary disclosure. The evidence is consistent with the explanation that controlling owners use opaqueness in disclosures to conceal private rents. To examine the research question, my study develops a new disclosure index that captures managerial discretionary disclosure decisions with respect to compensation practices. By attempting to address the selection bias that could confound the disclosure predictions, the study also provides empirical insights into which firms choose dual class equity. The within dual class sample analyses employed as an alternative method to mitigate selection biases, reveal that disclosure is decreasing in the largest controlling shareholder's divergence between control rights and cash flow rights. I also find evidence that disclosure levels are decreasing in the premium at which superior voting shares trade relative to inferior voting shares---a proxy for the controlling shareholder's private benefits from control. In addition to the above, I also provide some cross-country analyses. The evidence is largely consistent with a higher rent extraction explanation in weaker regimes. Dual class share firms in weaker regimes disclose lesser information than their stronger regime dual class share counterparts. Based on prior literature, Canada is hypothesized in this study to have weaker regulatory enforcement and thus a weaker investor protection environment. Finally, the study provides direct evidence that separating control rights from cash flow rights enables managers to extract private rents in the form of excess executive compensation.

Download or read book ESG and Responsible Institutional Investing Around the World A Critical Review written by Pedro Matos and published by CFA Institute Research Foundation. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This survey examines the vibrant academic literature on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing. While there is no consensus on the exact list of ESG issues, responsible investors increasingly assess stocks in their portfolios based on nonfinancial data on environmental impact (e.g., carbon emissions), social impact (e.g., employee satisfaction), and governance attributes (e.g., board structure). The objective is to reduce exposure to investments that pose greater ESG risks or to influence companies to become more sustainable. One active area of research at present involves assessing portfolio risk exposure to climate change. This literature review focuses on institutional investors, which have grown in importance such that they have now become the largest holders of shares in public companies globally. Historically, institutional investors tended to concentrate their ESG efforts mostly on corporate governance (the “G” in ESG). These efforts included seeking to eliminate provisions that restrict shareholder rights and enhance managerial power, such as staggered boards, supermajority rules, golden parachutes, and poison pills. Highlights from this section: · There is no consensus on the exact list of ESG issues and their materiality. · The ESG issue that gets the most attention from institutional investors is climate change, in particular their portfolio companies’ exposure to carbon risk and “stranded assets.” · Investors should be positioning themselves for increased regulation, with the regulatory agenda being more ambitious in the European Union than in the United States. Readers might come away from this survey skeptical about the potential for ESG investing to affect positive change. I prefer to characterize the current state of the literature as having a “healthy dose of skepticism,” with much more remaining to be explored. Here, I hope the reader comes away with a call to action. For the industry practitioner, I believe that the investment industry should strive to achieve positive societal goals. CFA Institute provides an exemplary case in its Future of Finance series (www.cfainstitute.org/research/future-finance). For the academic community, I suggest we ramp up research aimed at tackling some of the open questions around the pressing societal goals of ESG investing. I am optimistic that practitioners and academics will identify meaningful ways to better harness the power of global financial markets for addressing the pressing ESG issues facing our society.

Download or read book Do Voting Rights Affect Institutional Investment Decisions Evidence from Dual Class Firms written by Kai Li and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine whether, and to what extent, shareholder voting rights affect institutional investment decisions. Our analysis compares institutional investment in dual-class firms, where multiple share classes carrying differential voting rights allow insiders to control the firm and leave outside investors with little or no control rights, to that in single-class firms, where each share carries one vote. We find that institutional ownership in dual-class firms is significantly lower than it is in single-class firms after controlling for other determinants of institutional investment. Although institutions of all types hold less of the shares of dual-class firms, this avoidance is more pronounced for long-term investors with strong fiduciary responsibilities than for short-term investors with weak fiduciary duties. Following the unification of dual-class shares into a single-class, institutional investors increase their shareholdings in the unifying firm. Overall, our results suggest that voting rights are an important determinant of institutional investment decisions.

Download or read book Determinants and Consequences of the Unification of Dual class Shares written by Anete Pajuste and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: