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Book The Long Chain

Download or read book The Long Chain written by Dan Willis and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-09-15 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When New York is blanketed in an unnatural fog, Private Detective Alex Lockerby finds himself on the trail of a missing scientist, a stolen military secret, and a merciless killer leaving a trail of bodies in their wake. In a city the size of New York, things go missing all the time. When a Nobel-Prize winning Chemist vanishes without a trace, his granddaughter taps Alex to find him. Locating people is easy for someone with the best finding rune in the city, but when Alex tracks down the missing man, he has no memory of who he is or what happened to him, and his research is missing. Convinced that something larger is going on, Alex sets out to uncover the truth. Before he can learn anything concrete, however, the city is shrouded in a dense fog and that brings New York's resident sorceress, Sorsha Kincaid, to his door. She needs Alex's finding rune in order to trace the source of the unnatural fog, and she has no patience for his other cases. Now Alex must keep the volatile and powerful sorceress happy as he tries to unravel a tangled web of science, murder, and missing memories before the clues vanish into the ever-present fog.

Book A Perinatal Strategy For Preventing Adult Disease  The Role Of Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Download or read book A Perinatal Strategy For Preventing Adult Disease The Role Of Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids written by Undurti N. Das and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes that fetal growth retardation and low-grade systemic inflammation can be prevented by perinatal supplementation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs). Evidence for this hypothesis is presented and discussed in detail, along with possible mechanisms by which these substances produce beneficial actions. Finally, it is suggested that provision of adequate amounts of LCPUFAs during the perinatal period prevents insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, CHD, and Alzheimer's disease in the adult. Means of testing the hypothesis are also presented. Thus, the book suggests a simple and novel method of preventing diseases that are increasing in incidence in both the developed and developing worlds.

Book Sir Long Chain Charles

    Book Details:
  • Author : Clay Walker
  • Publisher : Dog Ear Publishing
  • Release : 2008-06
  • ISBN : 1598586785
  • Pages : 254 pages

Download or read book Sir Long Chain Charles written by Clay Walker and published by Dog Ear Publishing. This book was released on 2008-06 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The true no-holds barred story of one man's endurance on a Virginia chain gang and in the Virginia state penitentiary of the 1950's. The story follows the author from the crime of an eighteen year old - taking money that was owed to him - through his incarceration on a chain gang, his escape, return to prison, another chain gang and finally parole. Take a birds-eye view of the harsh realities of a chain gang camp where vicious, ignorant gun-wielding guards held the power of life or death over prisoners; and how the prisoners dealt with life there, sometimes cruelly, permanently disabling themselves by cutting their heel tendons to escape the severe non-stop work, and sometimes humorously. Follow along on a heart pounding escape, and then journey into a maximum-security prison where the rules are entirely different, and life was cheap. See what it took to survive and endure in order to return to the 'free' world. Long Chain Charlie was an integral part of the Virginia Department of Corrections and as such became known as Sir Long Chain Charles by my choosing - something to be respected for it's service. I knew the first time I stepped on board Long Chain that I was being taken to a rolling hell - the guard's terse introduction as he handcuffed me to the seat told me that. "You can try to escape if you want to. If you do try, I'll kill you. It's simple as that." I was an extremely youthful looking eighteen year old who could pass for fourteen, fresh from the mountainous backwoods with a brand-new ten year sentence, but I believed him, and couldn't help but think that this was just the tip of the iceberg, my introduction to the Virginia penal system: a cold, dark gray bus encased in bars and heavy wire mesh, taking me to a cold, dark gray penitentiary. It was going to be a long ten years. The Commonwealth of the state of Virginia was the only penal system to my knowledge that was fully self-sustaining. There were thirty-two chain gang camps, part of them black only, part of them white only, a huge state farm, each county had it's own farm, even most of the chain gang camps had them. The two I was in certainly did. Then there was the block plant, the lime plant, and the nearly twenty-four hundred convicts at 500 Spring Street, the penitentiary, were kept busy in the shops. There was the knitting mill for socks, underwear and t-shirts; the tailor shops for the uniforms and going-out clothes; the furniture shop, the tag shop, the machine shop. All the inmates were fed, clothed and maintained by their own hand. This same system would work in every penal institution today, or on the other hand, maybe it wouldn't work because today the jail birds would start screaming "We got rights ' and some facet of society would come along and say "Their rights were violated. Release them " thus releasing and creating more two-legged slugs onto the streets that society has to condone. I am proud to say that after everything I have endured in the Commonwealth of Virginia's penal system, I still emerged human.

Book The Anchor s Long Chain

    Book Details:
  • Author : Yves Bonnefoy
  • Publisher : Seagull Library of French
  • Release : 2023-07-06
  • ISBN : 9781803092935
  • Pages : 0 pages

Download or read book The Anchor s Long Chain written by Yves Bonnefoy and published by Seagull Library of French. This book was released on 2023-07-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experiment with the sonnet form by one of the foremost French poets of his generation. Yves Bonnefoy has wowed the literary world for decades with his diffuse volumes. First published in France in 2008, The Anchor's Long Chain is an indispensable addition to his oeuvre. Enriching Bonnefoy's earlier work, the volume, translated by Beverley Bie Brahic, also innovates, including an unprecedented sequence of nineteen sonnets. These sonnets combine the strictness of the form with the freedom to vary line length and create evocative fragments. Compressed, emotionally powerful, and allusive, the poems are also autobiographical--but only in glimpses. Throughout, Bonnefoy conjures up life's eternal questions with each new poem. Longer, discursive pieces, including the title poem's meditation on a prehistoric stone circle and a legend about a ship, are also part of this volume, as are a number of poetic prose pieces in which Bonnefoy, like several of his great French predecessors, excels. Long-time fans will find much to praise here, while newer readers will quickly find themselves under the spell of Bonnefoy's powerful, discursive poetry.

Book Rue Traversi  re

    Book Details:
  • Author : Yves Bonnefoy
  • Publisher : Seagull Library of French
  • Release : 2023-07-06
  • ISBN : 9781803092713
  • Pages : 0 pages

Download or read book Rue Traversi re written by Yves Bonnefoy and published by Seagull Library of French. This book was released on 2023-07-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A beautiful collection of poems from various styles and genres by France's foremost poet, Yves Bonnefoy. Praised by Paul Auster as "one of the rare poets in the history of literature to have sustained the highest level of artistic excellence throughout an entire lifetime," Yves Bonnefoy is widely considered the foremost French poet of his generation. Proving that his prose is just as lyrical, Rue Traversière, written in 1977, is one of his most harmonious works. Each of the fifteen discrete or linked texts, whose lengths range from brief notations to long, intense, self-questioning pages, is a work of art in its own right: brief and richly suggestive as haiku, or long and intricately wrought in syntax and thought; and all are as rewarding in their sounds and rhythms, and their lightning flashes of insight, as any sonnet. "I can write all I like; I am also the person who looks at the map of the city of his childhood and doesn't understand," says the section that gives the book its title, as he revisits childhood cityscapes and explores the tricks memory plays on us. A mixture of genres--the prose poem, the personal essay, quasi-philosophical reflections on time, memory, and art--this is a book of both epigrammatic concision and dreamlike narratives that meander with the poet's thought as he struggles to understand and express some of the undercurrents of human life. The book's layered texts echo and elaborate on one another, as well as on aspects of Bonnefoy's own poetics and thought.

Book Fast Facts  Long Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders for Patients

Download or read book Fast Facts Long Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders for Patients written by Barbara K. Burton and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2021-05-21 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAODs) are rare, inherited conditions. With an LC-FAOD, the body has trouble breaking down fat for energy, which can lead to symptoms such as low blood sugars, muscle pain/weakness, and heart problems. LC-FAODs are diagnosed by newborn screening or symptoms later in life. Management includes a specialized nutrition plan, and prevention of fasting, especially during illness. A person with an LC-FAOD can live a full, active and healthy life with lifestyle changes and close coordination with, and support from, an expert healthcare team. Table of Contents: • Fats and fatty acids • Fatty acids for energy • Long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders • Diagnosis • Genetic testing • Living with an LC-FAOD • Monitoring • What can I do to help my child? • Genetic counseling • How many people are affected? • Who’s who?

Book Coconut Cures

    Book Details:
  • Author : Bruce Fife
  • Publisher : Piccadilly Books, Ltd.
  • Release : 2005
  • ISBN : 9780941599603
  • Pages : 260 pages

Download or read book Coconut Cures written by Bruce Fife and published by Piccadilly Books, Ltd.. This book was released on 2005 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book you will learn about the amazing health benefits of coconut oil, meat, milk, and water. You will find out why coconut oil is considered the healthiest oil on earth and how it can protect you against heart disease, diabetes, and infectious illnesses such as influenza, herpes, candida, and even HIV. You will learn why coconut water is used as an IV solution and how coconut meat can protect you from colon cancer, regulate blood sugar, and expel intestinal parasites. Contains dozens of fascinating case studies and remarkable success stories. You will read about one woman's incredible battle with breast cancer and how she cured herself with coconut. You will read how a medical doctor cured himself of Crohn's disease in seven days. This book includes an extensive A to Z reference with complete details on how to use coconut to prevent and treat dozens of common health problems. The foreword is written by Dr Conrado Dayrit, the first person to publish studies showing the benefit of coconut oil in treating HIV.

Book The Devil s Chain

    Book Details:
  • Author : Keely Stauter-Halsted
  • Publisher : Cornell University Press
  • Release : 2016-02-19
  • ISBN : 1501701665
  • Pages : 392 pages

Download or read book The Devil s Chain written by Keely Stauter-Halsted and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-02-19 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the half-century before Poland’s long-awaited political independence in 1918, anxiety surrounding the country’s burgeoning sex industry fueled nearly constant public debate. The Devil’s Chain is the first book to examine the world of commercial sex throughout the partitioned Polish territories, uncovering a previously hidden conversation about sexuality, gender propriety, and social class. Keely Stauter-Halsted situates the preoccupation with prostitution in the context of Poland’s struggle for political independence and its difficult transition to modernity. She traces the Poles’ growing anxiety about white slavery, venereal disease, and eugenics by examining the regulation of the female body, the rise of medical authority, and the role of social reformers in addressing the problem of paid sex. Stauter-Halsted argues that the sale of sex was positioned at the juncture of mass and elite cultures, affecting nearly every aspect of urban life and bringing together sharply divergent social classes in what had long been a radically stratified society. She captures the experiences of the impoverished women who turned to the streets and draws a vivid picture of the social milieu that shaped their choices. The Devil’s Chain demonstrates that discussions of prostitution and its attendant disorders—sexual deviancy, alcoholism, child abuse, vagrancy, and other related problems—reflected differing visions for the future of the Polish nation.

Book Seeking Cures

    Book Details:
  • Author : Moyra Smith
  • Publisher : Oxford University Press
  • Release : 2013-09-19
  • ISBN : 0199915865
  • Pages : 311 pages

Download or read book Seeking Cures written by Moyra Smith and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-19 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seeking Cures outlines the progress and implications of science's quest to identify therapeutic targets and initiate novel treatments at the gene, RNA, protein, and physiological levels. Also considered are aspects of treatment at the cellular level (e.g., those with hematopoietic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells).

Book Transactions

Download or read book Transactions written by Faraday Society and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Milk Plant Monthly

Download or read book Milk Plant Monthly written by and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Crocheter s Skill Building Workshop

Download or read book The Crocheter s Skill Building Workshop written by Dora Ohrenstein and published by Storey Publishing. This book was released on 2014-01-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers basic crochet techniques and beyond, providing dozens of stitch-along swatches that teach specific skills that can be applied to five projects for a hat, shawl, neck warmer, bag and scarf. Original.

Book Introductory Review on Sirtuins in Biology  Aging  and Disease

Download or read book Introductory Review on Sirtuins in Biology Aging and Disease written by Leonard Guarente and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-20 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introductory Review on Sirtuins in Biology and Disease provides key insights for scientists and advanced students who need to understand sirtuins and the current research in this field. This book is ideal for pharmaceutical companies as they develop novel targets using sirtuins for metabolic diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative illnesses. Sirtuins are a diverse family of proteins, with several members in mammals. The functional diversity of sirtuins is rather broad, and they have been implicated in various central biological processes. Thus, they are also highly relevant in the context of various human diseases, from cancer to neurodegeneration. - Covers both the general and specific aspects of sirtuin proteins and their role in biology, aging and disease - Presents a top quality collection of leading experts who contribute on a wide range of sirtuin-related topics - Ideal resource for pharmaceutical companies as they develop novel targets using sirtuins for metabolic diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative illnesses

Book Handbook of Petroleum Product Analysis

Download or read book Handbook of Petroleum Product Analysis written by James G. Speight and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-02 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the reader to the production of the products in a refinery • Introduces the reader to the types of test methods applied to petroleum products, including the need for specifications • Provides detailed explanations for accurately analyzing and characterizing modern petroleum products • Rewritten to include new and evolving test methods • Updates on the evolving test methods and new test methods as well as the various environmental regulations are presented

Book Reactive Polymers  Fundamentals and Applications

Download or read book Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications written by Johannes Karl Fink and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2017-10-24 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reactive Polymers: Fundamentals and Applications: A Concise Guide to Industrial Polymers, Third Edition introduces engineers and scientists to a range of reactive polymers and then details their applications and performance benefits. Basic principles and industrial processes are described for each class of reactive resin (thermoset), as well as additives, the curing process, applications and uses. The initial chapters are devoted to individual resin types (e.g., epoxides, cyanacrylates), followed by more general chapters on topics such as reactive extrusion and dental applications. Injection molding of reactive polymers, radiation curing, thermosetting elastomers, and reactive extrusion equipment are covered as well. The use of reactive polymers enables manufacturers to make chemical changes at a late stage in the production process, which, in turn, cause changes in performance and properties. Material selection and control of the reaction are essential to achieve optimal performance. Material new to this edition includes the most recent developments, applications and commercial products for each chemical class of thermosets, as well as sections on fabrication methods, reactive biopolymers, recycling of reactive polymers and case studies. - Covers the basics and most recent developments, including reactive biopolymers, recycling of reactive polymers, nanocomposites and fluorosilicones - Offers an indispensable guide for engineers and advanced students alike - Provides extensive literature and patent review - Reflects a thorough review of all literature published in this area since 2014 - Features revised and updated chapters to reflect the latest research in reactive polymers

Book From linear to long chain branched poly ethylene terephthalate      reactive extrusion  rheology and molecular characterization

Download or read book From linear to long chain branched poly ethylene terephthalate reactive extrusion rheology and molecular characterization written by Kruse, Matthias and published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poly(ethylene terephthalate) is one of the most widely used polymers in packaging industry, due to its high mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and barrier functions. However, its processing is determined by degradation and low viscosity. In particular, foaming and film blowing is restricted by the linear structure of the molecule and low melt strength. The stability of three linear commercial PET grades produced by different synthesis routes with different molar masses is analyzed in regards of processing at industrial scale. Subsequently, reactive processing with three multi-functional chain extenders (pyromellitic dianhydride, PMDA, tetraglycidyl diamino diphenyl methane, TGDDM, and triphenyl phosphite, TPP) is conducted to create large and long-chain branched (LCB) molecules. The mechanical and molecular properties in melt state are analyzed by linear and non-linear viscoelastic rheology, modeling by the molecular stress function (MSF) theory and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) with light scattering measurements. Thermal stability measurements in the linear viscoelastic regime revealed degradation and a reduction of the storage modulus in air atmosphere, and, besides thermal degradation, an enhancement of the modulus in nitrogen atmosphere, due to polycondensation [Kruse et al., 2013]. Fitting by an exponential function leads to the reconstruction of the initial state of the sample at zero-loading time and to a time constant, which reveals clear relations between stability and molar mass for all three PET grades in both atmospheres. High molar mass PET is more stable in nitrogen and less stable in air environment, and vice versa, depending on OH end group concentration and synthesis route. The analysis by means of time-resolved mechanical spectroscopy allows the observations of moduli and complex viscosity at a fixed time, a wide range of angular frequencies, and at different atmospheres, and revealed: (i) a plasticizer effect induced by small molecules from thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation, (ii) cross-linking leading to yield stress, (iii) diffusion influencing polycondensation reaction, (iv) slipping due to deposition of side products, and (v) an enhanced shear thinning regime [Kruse and Wagner, 2016]. The extrusion of neat PET with a twin-screw extruder at industrial scale leads to strong reduction of viscosity mainly due to shearing. The impact of thermo-oxidative degradation is comparably small. The reactive processing of the three PET grades with the three chain extenders leads to the conclusion that the tri-functional TPP is not a useful chain extender due to rapid degradation and toxicity. The two tetra-functional chain extenders, PMDA and the epoxy-based TGDDM, lead to strong viscosity increase, increasing strain hardening effect, and increasing thermal stability with increasing chain extender concentration as confirmed by loss- and storage modulus, phase angle, activation energy of flow, and elongational viscosity. The MSF model predictions show good agreement with data measured, and allowed a quantitative analysis of the branching structure and of the stretch of the molecules by both non-linear MSF parameters. In comparison to the high molar mass PET with an apparent comb-like structure at high PMDA concentrations, the two initially low molar mass grades show a higher molar mass after processing with PMDA and seem to have a tree-like structure, which can be explained by the hydroxyl end group concentration of these two PET grades. The extensive use of TGDDM leads to a hyperbranched and gel-like structure. The fracture analysis from uniaxial elongation experiments reveals a limiting stress value for high PMDA concentrations and a limiting strain value for high TGDDM concentrations due to formation of a covalent network. The molecular analysis by SEC with triple detection of the high molar mass PET, which was reacted with PMDA and TGDDM, shows a strong increase of the average molar masses, polydispersity, radius of gyration, and hydrodynamic radius and confirms the molar mass increase observed by the rheological measurements. The branching was confirmed by a decreasing Mark-Houwink exponent with increasing chain extender concentration. Further, the analysis of the contraction of the molecule revealed a more star-like structure at low concentrations for both chain extenders. With increasing concentration, the structure changed to more comb-like for PMDA and random tree-like or hyperbranched for TGDDM as was also observed by non-linear viscoelastic measurements. PMDA revealed to be an excellent coupling agent which induces reproducibly either a star-like, comb-like, or tree-like structures depending on the concentration of coupling agent added and the hydroxyl concentration of the PET employed. Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) zeichnet sich durch hervorragende mechanische Eigenschaften, sowie chemische Beständigkeit und Barriereeigenschaften aus und findet insbesondere in der Verpackungsindustrie Verwendung. Die Neigung zur Degradation und die wegen der linearen Kettenmoleküle geringe Viskosität schränken jedoch die Verarbeitbarkeit von PET wie beispielsweise das Schäumen und Folienblasen erheblich ein. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird der Einfluss der thermischen Stabilität während der Verarbeitung von drei linearen industriellen PET-Typen untersucht, die sich durch Molmasse und Herstellungsverfahren unterscheiden. Des Weiteren wird langkettenverzweigtes PET (LCBPET) durch reaktive Verarbeitung mit drei verschiedenen multifunktionalen Kettenverlängerern, Pyromellitsäuredianhydrid (PMDA), Tetra- glycidyl-Diamino-Diphenyl-Methan (TGDDM) und Triphenylphosphit (TPP), hergestellt und charakterisiert. Durch die experimentelle Bestimmung der linearen und nichtlinearen rheologischen Eigenschaften der Schmelze und ihre Beschreibung mit Hilfe des sogenannten "Molecular Stress Function" (MSF) Modells gelingt eine quantitative Analyse des Materialverhaltens. Die molekulare Analyse wird zusätzlich durch die Ergebnisse von Gelpermeationschromatographie (GPC bzw. SEC) in Verbindung mit Lichtstreumessung gestützt. Die Untersuchungen der thermischen Stabilität von linearem PET im linear-viskoelastischen Bereich zeigen einen abnehmenden Speichermodul und somit ein thermo-oxidatives Degradationsverhalten in Luftatmosphäre. In inerter Stickstoffatmosphäre tritt hingegen nur thermische Degradation auf, gleichzeitig führt jedoch eine Polykondensationsreaktion zu einem Anstiegen des Moduls [Kruse et al., 2013]. Mit einem exponentiellen Regressionsansatz kann der anfängliche Zustand des Moduls in beiden Atmosphären zum Zeitpunkt Null, der dem Einbringen der Probe in das Rheometer entspricht, rekonstruiert werden. Die sich aus diesem Ansatz ergebende Zeitkonstante erlaubt es, quantitative Zusammenhänge zwischen der thermischen Stabilität der drei PET-Sorten und deren Molmasse sowie dem Herstellungsverfahren der PET-Typen aufzuzeigen. So weist hochmolekulares PET eine höhere Stabilität in Stickstoff und eine geringere Stabilität in Luft auf und umgekehrt. Hauptursache für dieses Verhalten ist die unterschiedliche Konzentration an Hydroxylendgruppen, die je nach Molmasse und Herstellungsmethode der jeweiligen PET-Typen variiert. Mit Hilfe der "Time-Resolved Mechnical Sprectroscopy" konnte die sich ändernde Viskosität über ein weites Frequenzspektrum und zu einer beliebigen Messzeit in beiden Atmosphären bestimmt werden. Wesentliche Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung sind der Nachweis des Auftretens von (i) einem Weichmachereffekt bedingt durch die thermische und thermo-oxidative Degradation und den daraus resultierenden Oligomeren, (ii) dreidimensionaler Vernetzung mit der Ausbildung einer Fließgrenze, (iii) Diffusionsprozessen, die Einfluss auf die Polykondensationsreaktion haben, (iv) Wandgleiten, bedingt durch die Ablagerung von Nebenprodukten auf den Platten des Rheometers und (v) einem verbreiterten Scherverdünnungbereich [Kruse and Wagner, 2016]. Die Extrusion von linearem PET mit einem Doppelschneckenextruder unter industriellen Bedingungen führt zu einer starken Abnahme der Viskosität, die hauptsächlich durch Scherung und weniger durch thermo-oxidativen Abbau verursacht wird. Bei der reaktiven Verarbeitung der drei PET-Typen mit den drei verschiedenen Kettenverlängerern erwies sich das dreifunktionale TPP auf Grund von Toxizität und Lagerinstabilitäten als unbrauchbar. Die Verarbeitung der beiden vierfunktionalen Kettenverlängerer, PMDA und das epoxidhaltige TGDDM, führt zu erhöhter Viskosität, erhöhter Dehnverfestigung und erhöhter thermischer Stabilität mit zunehmender Konzentration des jeweiligen Kettenverlängerers. Das beschriebene Verhalten zeigt sich sowohl am Speicher- und Verlustmodul und dem daraus abgeleiteten Verlustwinkel, als auch an der Fließaktivierungsenergie und der Dehnviskosität. Dabei lassen sich die gemessenen Dehnviskositäten sehr präzise mit dem MSF-Modell beschreiben und die beiden nichtlinearen Modelparameter, β und f_max^2 ermöglichen eine quantitative Analyse der Verzweigungsstruktur und der Molekülstreckung. So zeigt die Modifiziereng von hohen PMDA-Konzentrationen und dem hochmolekularen PET eine mehr kammartige Struktur im Vergleich zu den beiden niedermolekularen PET-Typen, die eine baumartige Molekülstruktur und eine höhere Molmasse nach der reaktiven Extrusion aufweisen. Beide Effekte können mit der höheren OH-Endgruppenkonzentration der beiden niedermolekularen PET-Typen erklärt werden. Zu hohe Zusätze von TGDDM führen zu einem hochverzweigten und gelartigen Polymer. Das Bruchverhalten bei der uniaxialen Dehnung von mit einem hohen Zusatz von PMDA hergestellten langkettenverzweigten PET wird von einer limitierenden Bruchspannung bestimmt. Demgegenüber bestimmt eine maximale Dehnung das Bruchverhalten des mit einem hohen TGDDM-Zusatz hergestellten LCB-PET, verursacht durch ein kovalent gebundenes Polymernetzwerk. Die GPC Messungen mit drei Detektoren wurden an LCB-PET durchgeführt, das auf Basis der hochmolekularen PET-Type hergestellt wurde. Die molekulare Analyse der mit PMDA und TGDDM modifizierten Proben zeigt eine deutliche Zunahme der mittleren Molmassen, Molmassenverteilungsbreite, des Gyrationsradius und des hydrodynamischen Radius und bestätigt somit die rheologischen Ergebnisse. Das Auftreten von Verzweigungen wird außerdem durch den abnehmenden Mark-Houwink-Exponenten bei zunehmender Additivkonzentration verdeutlicht. Eine genauere Betrachtung weist auf eine sternartige Molekülstruktur bei geringer Zugabe beider Kettenverlängerer hin. Bei erhöhter Zugabe hingegen tritt eine kammartige Struktur bei PMDA und eine baumartige oder hochverzweigte Struktur bei TGDDM auf, wie auch aus den nichtlinearen viskoelastischen Messungen zu schließen ist. Insbesondere PMDA erweist sich als hervorragender Kettenverlängerer, der bei reaktiver Extrusion reproduzierbar eine sternartige, kammartige oder baumartige Molekülstruktur in Abhängigkeit von der verwendeten PET-Type und der PMDA-Konzentration ermöglicht und so das Verarbeitungsspektrum von PET auf neue Anwendungsgebiete erweitert.

Book Encyclopedia of Food Grains

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Food Grains written by Colin W Wrigley and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 1956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Food Grains, Four Volume Set is an in-depth and authoritative reference covering all areas of grain science. Coverage includes everything from the genetics of grains to the commercial, economic and social aspects of this important food source. Also covered are the biology and chemistry of grains, the applied aspects of grain production and the processing of grains into various food and beverage products. With the paramount role of cereals as a global food source, this Encyclopedia is sure to become the standard reference work in the field of science. Also available online via ScienceDirect – featuring extensive browsing, searching, and internal cross-referencing between articles in the work, plus dynamic linking to journal articles and abstract databases, making navigation flexible and easy. For more information, pricing options and availability visit www.info.sciencedirect.com. Written from an international perspective the Encyclopedia concentrates on the food uses of grains, but details are also provided about the wider roles of grains Well organized and accessible, it is the ideal resource for students, researchers and professionals seeking an authoritative overview on any particular aspect of grain science This second edition has four print volumes which provides over 200 articles on food grains Includes extensive cross-referencing and "Further Reading" lists at the end of each article for deeper exploration into the topic This edition also includes useful items for students and teachers alike, with Topic Highlights, Learning objectives, Exercises for Revision and exercises to explore the topic further