Download or read book The Liberian Crisis and ECOMOG written by Margaret A. Vogt and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Liberia s Civil War written by Adekeye Adebajo and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 2002 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text aims to unravel the tangled web of the conflict by addressing questions including: why did Nigeria intervene in Liberia and remain committed throughout the seven-year civil war?; and to what extent was ECOMOG's intervention shaped by Nigeria's hegemonic aspirations.
Download or read book The Burden of Collective Goodwill written by Abiodun Alao and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is the first to discuss in detail the extensive external involvement in the Liberian civil war, a war that claimed up to 200,000 lives, created a massive refuge crisis and brought West Africa to the tribunal of international attention. The book is conceived against the background that the international response to the conflict has features that are unprecedented in the management of civil conflicts in the post-cold war era. For example, the regional peacekeeping mission was the first after the end of the cold war, while the dispatch of UN Observer mission was the first ever joint peacekeeping mission between the UN and a regional organisation. The extensive involvement of international organisations in the conflict has not been witnessed in the region since the Biafran war of 1967-1970.
Download or read book Collective Insecurity written by Ikechi Mgbeoji and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides both a superb analysis of the historical dysfunction of the post-colonial African state generally and, more specifically, a probing critique of the crisis that resulted in the tragic collapse of Liberia. Ikechi Mgbeoji ultimately shows that blame for this endless cycle of violence must be laid at the feet of both the Western powers and African states themselves. He further posits that a reconstructed regime of African statehood, legitimate governance, and reform of the United Nations Security Council are imperatives for the creation of a stable African polity.
Download or read book The ECOMOG Intervention in the 1st Phase of the Liberian Civil War written by Saadet Ertürk and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regional Integration and Regional Security written by Emeka Nwokedi and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Study in Internal Conflicts written by I. A. Nass and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2000 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous internal insurgencies in Africa have caused massive population displacements, poverty and human suffering. The focus of this book is the Liberian crisis of 1989-1997 and the West African peace initiative. Part One traces the history of the Liberian nation. Part Two consists of six case studies, divided into two sections: unilateral interventions by powerful nations in internal insurgency in poor nations, and multilateral intervention by other nations under the umbrella of the United Nations (or regional groups like CSCE/NATO) in internal conflict situations. The history and evolution of the modern concept of peacekeeping operations is also traced. Part Three critically appraises the West African peace initiative in Liberia, drawing on the previous case studies.
Download or read book The Liberian Crisis written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Liberia Will Rise Again written by Arthur Kulah and published by Abingdon Press. This book was released on 1999-04-01 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For seven years, Liberia was involved in a civil war that cost the lives of more than 200,000 people. That war ended on January 31, 1997. Liberia Will Rise Again outlines the causes of the war, interprets the present situation, and offers suggestions for the future. KEY BENEFITS: * Provides a better understanding of the civil war in Liberia * Shows how the Liberians may have contributed to the problem * Helps readers learn about the treatment of refugees * Discusses issues related to the civil war and suggests lessons to be learned from the bitter experience
Download or read book Preventive Diplomacy and Peacekeeping in Sub Saharan Africa written by Abdoulaye Diallo and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the end of the Cold War and the official disengagement of the Western countries and their unwillingness to be involved in the eradication of Africa's many conflicts, it became clear to the African leaders that more than ever, African problems must be solved by the Africans themselves. The Liberian civil war and the lower attention span of the world powers on the evolution of that conflict provide an indication of the trend of the restructuring occurring within the international system. The Economic Community Monitoring Group (Ecomog) signifies the realization of a dream shared by true Africanists that Africans should take greater initiative in the resolution of their problems. It has become a model of the possibilities and problems of multilateral intervention for humanitarian assistance especially in internal security situation.
Download or read book The Nigerian Army in ECOMOG Operations written by S. K. Oni and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Liberia written by Gabriel I. H. Williams and published by Trafford Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On December 24, 1989, a group of Libyan-trained armed dissidents, which styled itself the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL), attacked Liberian territory from neighboring Ivory Coast. The band of outlaws was led by Charles Taylor, an ex-Liberia government official who escaped from prison in the United States while facing extradition to Liberia for allegedly embezzling nearly one million dollars of public funds. After he fled the U.S. Taylor returned to West Africa, from where he connected with Libya. Sustained by Libyan support, Taylor went to Liberia to spearhead his murderous brand of civil war. Liberia's dictatorial leader Samuel Doe responded to the NPFL invasion by deploying troops in the conflict area, whose senior ranks were dominated by the military strongman's own ethnic group. The government forces carried out collective punishment against local villagers, killing, looting, and raping, while singling out people from certain ethnic groups whom they regarded as supporters of the invasion by reason of their ethnic identity. The NPFL also targeted members of Doe's ethnic group and other ethnic groups that were seen to be supportive of the government, as well as its officials and sympathizers. As the war spread from the interior toward the Liberian capital of Monrovia amid widespread death and destruction, the United States responded to the deteriorating situation by dispatching four warships with 2,300 marines to evacuate Americans and other foreigners who were in the country. The U.S. decided not to intervene to contain the unfolding catastrophe. Officials of the George Bush administration maintained that Liberia, which was then America's closest traditional ally in Africa, was no longer of strategic importance to the U.S. Coincidentally, the Liberian civil war started at the time the Cold War was ending. Located on the West Coast of Africa, Liberia was founded in 1822 by freed black American slaves who were returned to the continent. Their passage was paid by the American Colonization Society, a philanthropic organization, whose members included Thomas Jefferson and James Monroe. The Liberian capital Monrovia is named after Monroe, who was president of the United States at the time Liberia was founded. The country's national flag of red, white and blue stripes with a star, bears close resemblance to the American flag. The systems of government and education, architecture and other aspects of Liberian life reflect American taste. Names of places in the country include Virginia, Maryland, Georgia, Louisiana and Buchanan. More than anywhere in Africa, spoken English in Liberia echoes the rhythms of Black American speech. Liberia served as the regional headquarters of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and hosted a Voice of America relay station that beamed American propaganda, as well as other major U.S. security installations during the Cold War. The Americans also operated the Omega Navigation Tower, which was intended to track the movement of ships and planes in the region and beyond. Once one of Africa's most stable and prosperous countries, Liberia was regarded as a haven for international trade and commerce because of the use of the American dollar as a legal tender. Major U.S. investments in the country included the Firestone Rubber Plantation, the world's largest plantation, which produce rubber for Firestone tires, Chase Manhattan Bank, and Citibank. Pan American Airlines (PAN AM) once operated Liberia's Roberts International Airport, where U.S. fighter jets have landing rights. During part of the 1970s, Liberia's per capita income was equivalent to that of Japan. Independent since 1847 as Africa's first republic, Liberia's plunge into anarchy began after a bloody military coup that ended the rule of descendants of the freed slaves, who monopolized political and economic power for over a century. During the 1980 coup, President William Tolbert, who tried to institute some meaningful po
Download or read book Reinventing Peacekeeping in Africa written by F. Olonisakin and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-07-26 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The euphoric cries of a peaceful and more dynamic new world order', which followed the end of the Cold War have been silenced by the increased intensity of local conflicts around the world. The humanitarian crises resulting from these conflicts have attracted greater international attention. Perhaps even more tragic is the failure of the international community to find early effective response to these conflicts, which have profound security implications for the affected regions and have led to the collapse of state structures in some cases. The intra-state conflicts in Africa alone have claimed over one million lives since 1990. On the international scene these internal conflicts have created new challenges for the UN, whose efforts at dealing with them have produced mixed results, whilst international policy makers, the military and academics are faced with difficult questions. Can traditional peacekeeping be stretched to accommodate this class of conflict? What is the legal basis for these operations? Attempts to answer these questions at the conceptual level have led to the development of concepts such as second generation peacekeeping, wider peacekeeping, peace support operations and strategic peacekeeping. It has emerged that there is no common view on an effective and realistic set of tools to manage these crises. Perhaps the most significant point to arise from the differing conceptual views presently is that an effective approach and sound legal basis have not been found for dealing with recalcitrant internal conflicts in far away regions, which are not high on the strategic considerations of the great powers. This book reconsiders the role of the UN and regionalorganisations such as ECOWAS in Africa. It examines the response to the civil war in Liberia, which served as a precursor to the international response to the crisis in Sierra Leone. On the one hand, this book offers an analysis of a new conceptual framework for managing a specific class of violent conflict. On the other hand, it provides first hand account of the character of a force that attempted to apply this approach. In drawing some of its conclusions, the book relies on the testimonies of many of the soldiers who formed the core of the military operations in these difficult conflict areas in West Africa.
Download or read book Peacekeepers Politicians and Warlords written by Abiodun Alao and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the international community responds to a massive humanitarian emergency, such as the one in Liberia, the operation that results is both complicated and ephemeral. The multifaceted nature of the problems in the crisis area attracts many different responses ranging from the deployment of thousands of international troops and observers to groups of civilians who act locally. Acting simultaneously but not always in concert with the response operations are the regional and international political leaders. In the context of Liberia, the crisis and the international response to it developed in stages, each with its own idiosyncratic nature, characteristic form of violence, cast of dominant personalities, and fresh bouts of extreme violence. Peacekeepers, Politicians, and Warlords is an original account of the entire peace process in Liberia that penetrates the roles of the peacekeepers, the warlords and the politicians who were the key actors in this narrative.
Download or read book Building Peace in West Africa written by Adekeye Adebajo and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 2002 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Peace Academy
Download or read book The Liberian Crisis written by Gabriel E. Umoden and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Ongoing Civil War and Crisis in Liberia written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Africa and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
