Download or read book The Lead User Method and the Identification of Lead Users written by Gabriel Mohr and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The generation of innovation these days is an undeniably important task for every company. While for many years, innovation was considered to only stem from activities within the company, it has now become inevitable to include external knowledge sources. In this light, Eric von Hippel (1986) developed the so-called lead user method. This approach does not only look to the typical customer, but rather to those who lead the market with their needs and preferences. Consequently, lead users are frequently seen as a need-forecasting laboratory for market research. Despite the seemingly enormous potential, researchers often struggle to efficiently find and integrate these rare subjects. Thereby the two main search methods are screening as well as pyramiding. While the first one examines the whole population and subsequently selects the most appropriate one, the latter relies on receiving recommendations and hence is able to find the expert. Self-selection is another technique, which in this context has not yet been very well researched. In order to expand the knowledge, interviews with industry experts are conducted and additionally online questionnaires are distributed to simulate the three search techniques. Thus it is possible to explore the potential of the methods and to not only compare the success as well as efficiency of pyramiding and screening but to for the first time also include self-selection in the analysis. Thereby it is discovered that pyramiding as well as the newly added self-selection approach are two very efficient methods. The newly gained insights from this study increase the theoretical understanding and may help companies to identify lead users more easily by selecting a more efficient approach and thus faster achieve the goal of creating attractive innovations.
Download or read book Democratizing Innovation written by Eric Von Hippel and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2006-02-17 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of user-centered innovation: how it can benefit both users and manufacturers and how its emergence will bring changes in business models and in public policy. Innovation is rapidly becoming democratized. Users, aided by improvements in computer and communications technology, increasingly can develop their own new products and services. These innovating users—both individuals and firms—often freely share their innovations with others, creating user-innovation communities and a rich intellectual commons. In Democratizing Innovation, Eric von Hippel looks closely at this emerging system of user-centered innovation. He explains why and when users find it profitable to develop new products and services for themselves, and why it often pays users to reveal their innovations freely for the use of all.The trend toward democratized innovation can be seen in software and information products—most notably in the free and open-source software movement—but also in physical products. Von Hippel's many examples of user innovation in action range from surgical equipment to surfboards to software security features. He shows that product and service development is concentrated among "lead users," who are ahead on marketplace trends and whose innovations are often commercially attractive. Von Hippel argues that manufacturers should redesign their innovation processes and that they should systematically seek out innovations developed by users. He points to businesses—the custom semiconductor industry is one example—that have learned to assist user-innovators by providing them with toolkits for developing new products. User innovation has a positive impact on social welfare, and von Hippel proposes that government policies, including R&D subsidies and tax credits, should be realigned to eliminate biases against it. The goal of a democratized user-centered innovation system, says von Hippel, is well worth striving for. An electronic version of this book is available under a Creative Commons license.
Download or read book The Blotting Book written by E. F. Benson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Preference Driven Lead User Method for New Product Development written by Alexander Sänn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-18 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alexander Sänn presents a functional method based on lead user method, preference measurement, and recommendations using collaborative filtering. The introduced method in this book stimulates input from internal and external sources, predicts basic customers’ acceptance, and evaluates this input against pre-defined criteria such as feasibility and existing patents for further concept generation. In sum, the new method addresses common innovation barriers and helps to reduce management uncertainties. This book provides further insights to the use of lead users as innovation sources in three major industries. The author extends the methodological toolbox with practical implications and contributes to the highly discussed topic in innovation management.
Download or read book The Lead User Method written by Christian Lüthje and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to reduce the risks of failure usually associated with NPD, leading companies such as 3M, HILTI, or Johnson&Johnson are increasingly working with so-called Lead Users. Their identification and involvement is supported by the Lead User method - a multi stage approach aiming to generate innovative new product concepts and to enhance the effectiveness of cross-functional innovation teams. While the Lead User method is frequently cited in the literature, yet, there are only limited attempts to comprehensively discuss how this approach is embedded in theories and empirical findings of innovation and marketing research. Therefore the Lead User method is in the focus of the present paper, both with respect to its theoretical foundation and its implementation into the innovation management system. First, empirical research on user innovations is reviewed to clarify the theoretical foundation of the Lead User method. Second the attention is drawn to the Lead User practice by discussing the various process steps of this specific approach on the basis of two applications of the method. Based on this discussion, we outline open questions related with the practical implementation of the Lead User method in order to start an agenda for future research.
Download or read book Perspectives on User Innovation written by Stephen Flowers and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a dramatic shift towards more open forms of innovation. Drawing on practice-based insights, together with theoretical approaches developed in innovation studies & science & technology studies, this book brings together a collection of recent work that examines key aspects of this model of innovation.
Download or read book Free Innovation written by Eric Von Hippel and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A leading innovation scholar explains the growing phenomenon and impact of free innovation, in which innovations developed by consumers and given away “for free.” In this book, Eric von Hippel, author of the influential Democratizing Innovation, integrates new theory and research findings into the framework of a “free innovation paradigm.” Free innovation, as he defines it, involves innovations developed by consumers who are self-rewarded for their efforts, and who give their designs away “for free.” It is an inherently simple grassroots innovation process, unencumbered by compensated transactions and intellectual property rights. Free innovation is already widespread in national economies and is steadily increasing in both scale and scope. Today, tens of millions of consumers are collectively spending tens of billions of dollars annually on innovation development. However, because free innovations are developed during consumers' unpaid, discretionary time and are given away rather than sold, their collective impact and value have until very recently been hidden from view. This has caused researchers, governments, and firms to focus too much on the Schumpeterian idea of innovation as a producer-dominated activity. Free innovation has both advantages and drawbacks. Because free innovators are self-rewarded by such factors as personal utility, learning, and fun, they often pioneer new areas before producers see commercial potential. At the same time, because they give away their innovations, free innovators generally have very little incentive to invest in diffusing what they create, which reduces the social value of their efforts. The best solution, von Hippel and his colleagues argue, is a division of labor between free innovators and producers, enabling each to do what they do best. The result will be both increased producer profits and increased social welfare—a gain for all.
Download or read book Innovation by Individuals written by Philipp Back and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,0, EBS European Business School gGmbH (Strategy, Organization & Leadership), language: English, abstract: Innovation is a crucial success factor as competitive advantage is often gained through the introduction of new products to the market. The challenge thereby is to find the right mix between keeping existing products in the portfolio and introducing innovative new offers. In order to constantly bring innovation forward, companies have to establish an efficient process for development, which generally requires the allocation of many resources to the respective department. Especially for companies operating in the consumer goods or service industry, it is a big challenge to constantly offer innovative products to the market. Moreover, studies revealed a high failure rate of up to 50% for newly lunched products in these business fields. Companies thereby try to reduce failure rates by conducting further market research in order to better meet the needs of their customers. So far, many studies cover the topic of market orientation and its influence on companies’ successes. One aspect of these studies is the integration of customers into the development process. The crucial factor for successful customer integration however is the selection of the right customers for the development program as only a small proportion of the user community is suitable for this task. It was Eric von Hippel who addressed the problem of selecting the right customers and who introduced the concept of Lead Users. According to him, Lead Users tend to be different compared to ordinary users with respect to certain character traits and are part of a progressive segment within the user community. Since von Hippel presented his Lead User concept, many studies have been conducted to analyze strengths and weaknesses of his idea and many companies have applied his concept in real-life cases to improve their innovation processes. Moreover, other researchers have modified von Hippel’s theory and added further aspects based on personal experiences. The objective of this literature review is therefore to identify, evaluate, and reflect relevant literature about the topic and to present it in an academic way. In this paper, literature on the topic “Innovation by Individuals: A Review on Lead User Characteristics” is reviewed, examined, and analyzed in order to collect not only established characteristics from various sources but also to give background information and useful real-life examples to clarify what defines and drives Lead Users and what makes them special within the user community.
Download or read book Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research A User s Guide written by Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This User’s Guide is a resource for investigators and stakeholders who develop and review observational comparative effectiveness research protocols. It explains how to (1) identify key considerations and best practices for research design; (2) build a protocol based on these standards and best practices; and (3) judge the adequacy and completeness of a protocol. Eleven chapters cover all aspects of research design, including: developing study objectives, defining and refining study questions, addressing the heterogeneity of treatment effect, characterizing exposure, selecting a comparator, defining and measuring outcomes, and identifying optimal data sources. Checklists of guidance and key considerations for protocols are provided at the end of each chapter. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews. More more information, please consult the Agency website: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov)
Download or read book Industrial Research and Technological Innovation written by Edwin Mansfield and published by W W Norton & Company Incorporated. This book was released on 1968-02-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Involving Customers in New Service Development written by Bo Edvardsson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2006 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with how companies can involve customers or users in order to learn with them in the field of service-based business development. It presents a variety of customer-involvement approaches, methods for learning with customers, and the results of case studies conducted in both service and manufacturing companies focusing on value-creation through services.Based on research carried out by several research groups around the world, as well as on illustrative cases, the book creates new actionable knowledge regarding customer-involvement which will be useful for both practitioners and scholars.Benefits for readers include: an understanding of the business potential of learning with customers and other users; an overview of the fields of new service development and customer-involvement with regard to concepts, theoretical frameworks, and models, in addition to strategies and techniques for involving users in fruitful ways during the innovation process; an illustration of the cases based on the results of empirical studies; and managerial implications and guidelines regarding how to manage customer-involvement during the different phases of the new service and business development process.
Download or read book Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes written by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This User’s Guide is intended to support the design, implementation, analysis, interpretation, and quality evaluation of registries created to increase understanding of patient outcomes. For the purposes of this guide, a patient registry is an organized system that uses observational study methods to collect uniform data (clinical and other) to evaluate specified outcomes for a population defined by a particular disease, condition, or exposure, and that serves one or more predetermined scientific, clinical, or policy purposes. A registry database is a file (or files) derived from the registry. Although registries can serve many purposes, this guide focuses on registries created for one or more of the following purposes: to describe the natural history of disease, to determine clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of health care products and services, to measure or monitor safety and harm, and/or to measure quality of care. Registries are classified according to how their populations are defined. For example, product registries include patients who have been exposed to biopharmaceutical products or medical devices. Health services registries consist of patients who have had a common procedure, clinical encounter, or hospitalization. Disease or condition registries are defined by patients having the same diagnosis, such as cystic fibrosis or heart failure. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews.
Download or read book The Sources of Innovation written by Eric von Hippel and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1988 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has long been assumed that new product innovations are typically developed by product manufacturers, an assumption that has inevitably had a major impact on innovation-related research and activities ranging from how firms organize their research and development to how governments measure innovation. In this synthesis of his seminal research, von Hippel challenges that basic assumption and demonstrates that innovation occurs in different places in different industries. Presenting a series of studies showing that end-users, material suppliers, and others are the typical sources of innovation in some fields, von Hippel explores why this variation in the "functional" sources of innovation occurs and how it might be predicted. He also proposes and tests some implications of replacing a manufacturer-as-innovator assumption with a view of the innovation process as predictably distributed across users, manufacturers, and suppliers. Innovation, he argues, will take place where there is greatest economic benefit to the innovator.
Download or read book The Design Thinking Playbook written by Michael Lewrick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-03 with total page 943 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A radical shift in perspective to transform your organization to become more innovative The Design Thinking Playbook is an actionable guide to the future of business. By stepping back and questioning the current mindset, the faults of the status quo stand out in stark relief—and this guide gives you the tools and frameworks you need to kick off a digital transformation. Design Thinking is about approaching things differently with a strong user orientation and fast iterations with multidisciplinary teams to solve wicked problems. It is equally applicable to (re-)design products, services, processes, business models, and ecosystems. It inspires radical innovation as a matter of course, and ignites capabilities beyond mere potential. Unmatched as a source of competitive advantage, Design Thinking is the driving force behind those who will lead industries through transformations and evolutions. This book describes how Design Thinking is applied across a variety of industries, enriched with other proven approaches as well as the necessary tools, and the knowledge to use them effectively. Packed with solutions for common challenges including digital transformation, this practical, highly visual discussion shows you how Design Thinking fits into agile methods within management, innovation, and startups. Explore the digitized future using new design criteria to create real value for the user Foster radical innovation through an inspiring framework for action Gather the right people to build highly-motivated teams Apply Design Thinking, Systems Thinking, Big Data Analytics, and Lean Start-up using new tools and a fresh new perspective Create Minimum Viable Ecosystems (MVEs) for digital processes and services which becomes for example essential in building Blockchain applications Practical frameworks, real-world solutions, and radical innovation wrapped in a whole new outlook give you the power to mindfully lead to new heights. From systems and operations to people, projects, culture, digitalization, and beyond, this invaluable mind shift paves the way for organizations—and individuals—to do great things. When you're ready to give your organization a big step forward, The Design Thinking Playbook is your practical guide to a more innovative future.
Download or read book Site Reliability Engineering written by Niall Richard Murphy and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2016-03-23 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overwhelming majority of a software system’s lifespan is spent in use, not in design or implementation. So, why does conventional wisdom insist that software engineers focus primarily on the design and development of large-scale computing systems? In this collection of essays and articles, key members of Google’s Site Reliability Team explain how and why their commitment to the entire lifecycle has enabled the company to successfully build, deploy, monitor, and maintain some of the largest software systems in the world. You’ll learn the principles and practices that enable Google engineers to make systems more scalable, reliable, and efficient—lessons directly applicable to your organization. This book is divided into four sections: Introduction—Learn what site reliability engineering is and why it differs from conventional IT industry practices Principles—Examine the patterns, behaviors, and areas of concern that influence the work of a site reliability engineer (SRE) Practices—Understand the theory and practice of an SRE’s day-to-day work: building and operating large distributed computing systems Management—Explore Google's best practices for training, communication, and meetings that your organization can use
Download or read book Service Innovation written by Anders Gustafsson and published by Business Expert Press. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All the world's most advanced economies are dominated by service. The service sector also employs the largest number of people and it is the fastest growing sector, both in number of companies and employees. The questions posed in the book are: (1) How is it growing; (2) what are these new service innovations; (3) what are the drivers; and (4) how can organizations work with service innovations in a structured way? The book views service as the value-creating activity that customers perform in their own context. The role of a company is to provide the resources and knowledge to enable value creation. Based on this view, we develop a model of service innovation and develop guidelines for what is required from the organizational perspective; how should an organization view its customers in order to be successful, what does a service development process look like, and how to transform an organization that has a product focus to a service or solution provider.
Download or read book Identifying Technology Applications Using an Adaptation of the Lead User Method written by Joachim Henkel and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we suggest an approach to application identification based on von Hippel's lead user method, adapted in such a way that it starts from a given technology rather than from an application area. Our approach complements existing methods for application identification, but it also differs from them by focusing on trends, and thus dynamic aspects of needs, by involving users at the leading edge of the market and by leapfrogging the manufacturer, thus eventually creating market pull from lead users. We describe the method, demonstrate its viability using exploratory case studies, and provide theoretical arguments regarding when and why a disintermediation of the manufacturer is effective.
