Download or read book The Joint Force Fires Coordinator in Maritime Operations written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thesis of this paper is that in order for the JFC to achieve maximum effectiveness from operational fires in maritime operations, a joint force fires coordinator (JFFC) and a supporting section should be an integral part of the JFC's staff, empowered and manned to coordinate all operational fires. As the idea of a JFFC as a permanent member on the JFC's staff is not a new issue to the joint community, the author begins by identifying the advocates and opponents of the JFFC, summarizes their positions, and examines how the issue is addressed in joint doctrine. The author then provides the future context in which operational fires will be planned, delivered, and deconflicted in a maritime environment, and determines whether the JFC would be better served by assigning responsibility for coordination of operational fires in maritime operations to a JFFC, or by leaving it in the hands of the JFACC (and why). Finally, the author provides recommendations to increase the effectiveness of operational fires.
Download or read book Joint Fire Support written by U.s. Joint Force Command and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-07-15 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for planning, coordinating, and executing joint fire support across the range of military operations. It sets forth joint doctrine to govern the activities and performance of the Armed Forces of the United States in joint operations and provides the doctrinal basis for interagency coordination and for US military involvement in multinational operations. The foundations of joint fire support are based on the elements of combat power, the principles of joint operations, and joint functions. The elements of combat power are combined to provide the basis for the generation of overwhelming firepower. The fire support system has its roots in the firepower element of combat power. Joint fires are defined as fires delivered during the employment of forces from two or more components in coordinated action to produce desired effects in support of a common object Joint fire support is defined as joint fires that assist air, land, maritime, and SOF to move, maneuver, and control territory, populations, airspace, and key waters in support of the joint force commander's (JFC's) scheme of maneuver.
Download or read book Operational Fires for the 21st Century The Argument for a Joint Fires Coordinator written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A void exists in current joint doctrine concerning operational fires for the joint task force. This vacuum is doubly troubling when the proliferation of increasingly capable information management systems, digital communications links, all weather target acquisition assets, and precision attack systems is considered. The Persian Gulf War highlighted weaknesses in inter-service cooperation of fire support, but seven years after the conflict, substantive changes to resolve these doctrinal problems remain unmade. As part of a solution, this paper argues for the creation of a Joint Forces Fire Support Coordinator and a Joint Fire Support Cell to coordinate operational fires for the joint force commander. It further asserts the continued viability of the Fire Support Coordination Line while suggesting the need for a doctrinal boundary delineating the areas of responsibility of the land and air component commanders. This work uses data on the technical capabilities and interoperability of service component systems to demonstrate that operational fires, offering decisive battlefield effects, are reasonable to assume in the near future. Operational theories from students at the Command and General Staff College, Army War College, and Naval War College are used to support the argument that many of those assets now dedicated to air interdiction and deep attack by individual services should be fused into a unified combat power capable of effecting decisive results at the operational level.
Download or read book Force XXI Precision Engagement The Need for a Joint Force Fire Coordinator written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do current Joint Doctrinal procedures for operational targeting facilitate Joint Vision 2010's operational concept of precision engagement? Operation DESERT STORM proved the criticality of effective joint operational targeting. Additionally, the GULF WAR reinforced the fact that single services no longer conduct war without the support and/or proper integration of other services. Yet, six years later, Joint Doctrine is still vague on operational targeting procedures. JCS Pub 3-09, Joint Fire Support, is still unpublished and heated debate continues between the services over which element in theater should be responsible for this complex task. This monograph examines the Gulf War and emerging joint and service doctrine to identify which element should coordinate operational fires and joint operational targeting. Focus is on U.S. Army and Air Force issues. Naval and Marine forces combined operation considerations are addressed but not in detail. The monograph is organized into six sections. The first is the introduction. The second discusses the problem background. The third section examines emerging U.S. Air Force, Army and joint doctrine following the Gulf War. The fourth section examines doctrine and procedures in the Gulf War. The fifth section is analysis and the last section concludes noting the requirement for a Joint Force Fire Coordinator.
Download or read book Coordination of Future Joint Fires Do We Need a Joint Fire Support Coordinator written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper will address the issue of whether joint doctrine should identify a JFSCOORD organization capable of advising the JFC in joint fires planning and coordination. This study is important because past events and the current situation prove that coordination of joint fires will continue to be a significant challenge for the operational commander. Further, the research will show that current joint doctrine does not address the core of the issue. Additionally, current doctrine drives future service component capabilities that will continue to overlap and more complicate the problem. This composition investigates the question of: Does the Joint Force Commander need a Joint Fire Support Coordinator? paper is organized into three parts. The first section identifies problems incurred during Operation Desert Storm. This is one of the recent indications of advanced technology creating coordination problems between service components. The second section analyzes service component views and doctrine published as a direct result of Operation Desert Storm. Since doctrine drives weapons development, this will first indicate overlapping capabilities. The last section will identify future component capabilities currently in development. It will show the merging of battlespace between all services. The paper recommended that joint doctrine identify a Joint Fire Support Coordinator (JFSCOORD) and Joint Fire Support Coordination Element (JFSCE) to assist the JFC in the execution of his fire support duties. In this way, maximum synchronization of component fire support efforts are achieved.
Download or read book Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms written by United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Put a Seat at the Table for the Joint Force Fires Coordinator written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gulf War demonstrated leaps in technology and the corresponding doctrine that facilitated the rapid destruction of the Iraqi Army. Both the Army and Air Force made changes to their doctrine in the aftermath of the Gulf based on their lessons learned. Since 1991, these doctrines have continued to evolve based on service concerns. Joint Publication 3-09, published in 1998, captured many of these changes in the Joint doctrine. One of the most significant was the creation of the optional staff member of the J-3, know as the Joint Force Fires Coordinator. The continued inter-service rivalry, technological improvements and lack of agreement provide a base to argue for a further change to Joint Doctrine that makes the JFFC a permanent member of the J-3 staff. This paper traces the development of doctrine from the Army and the Air Force, the publication of JP 3-09, and discusses the need for a permanent JFFC.
Download or read book Joint Fires Coordination Service Specialties and Boundary Challenges written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the challenges facing joint force commanders today is the coordination of operational and tactical fires which traverse boundaries within a joint operations area. These boundaries are the demarcation of deep and close battlespaces within individual areas of operations that are normally controlled by different supported commanders. Adequate coordination among supported commanders is pivotal to avoid fratricide and reduce duplication of effort. Unfortunately, joint doctrine does not adequately address how commanders can ensure economy of force and unity of effort when conducting joint fires. Specifically, the challenge is most critical in the area between the Fire Support Coordination Line (FSCL) and the Joint Force Land Component Commander's (JFLCC) forward boundary because joint fires must complement future operational maneuvers. This paper evaluates the issue of joint fires coordination by examining joint and service doctrine publications, combatant command directives, and the Joint Universal Lessons Learned (JULLs) database. Interviews were also conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the problem. In short, there is no common understanding among services about joint fires coordination, operational and tactical fires, and deep battlespace missions. This challenge can be resolved by modifying joint doctrine to address adequately joint fires that traverse intratheater boundaries. Recommendations include creating a coordination element within each supported commander's staff and providing the JFLCC an adequate maneuvering area beyond the FSCL to independently conduct deep operational maneuvers.
Download or read book The Impact of Advanced Naval Surface Fire Support on Joint Force Fire Coordination written by George Bonsall and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates the impact of advanced naval surface fire support weapons on the development of joint force fire coordination. The U.S. Navy is pursuing the acquisition of surface fire support weapons with extended ranges which reach beyond traditional amphibious objectives. Therefore, doctrine may be required to address the integration of advanced naval surface fire support into ground commanders' operations. The concept is that the acquisition of naval surface fire support missile systems and substantial improvements in naval gun weapon systems will add significant capabilities to joint fire support which may require coordination and integration methods beyond those provided by current joint doctrine. Quantitative and qualitative analysis is accomplished to determine the relative impact of these naval surface fire support weapons systems and assess the relative need for modifications to current joint doctrine. It is suggested that current doctrine may not be sufficient. Further, there is a need for a joint fire support coordination or integration organization to ensure that improvements in surface fire support systems can be accomodated to ensure optimal application of combat power.
Download or read book The Role of the Joint Force Commander in Synchronizing Operational Fires written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poor decisions by the JFC regarding command relationships and synchronization procedures will inhibit effective employment of operational fires given the compressed time, greater mobility, and enhanced lethality of twenty-first century warfare. The trend toward a smaller force structure, diminished acceptance of collateral damage and increased involvement by political leaders makes the modern battlefield less forgiving to errors in command relationships, apportionment, targeting, and fire support coordination. Operation Desert Storm (ODS) proves that improper command relationships, incorrect apportionment, absence of a JTCB, and poor placement of the FSCL will prevent accomplishing the desired end state even with a harmonious Operational Design. Operation Allied Force (OAF) demonstrates that success is elusive and operational fires are ineffective with incoherent national policy objectives, poor COO analysis, unsuitable command relationships, fruitless apportionment, and a nonexistent JTCB. This analysis suggests that U.S. Joint Doctrine should mandate that JFCs construct a coherent Operational Design, designate component commanders, and use appropriate synchronization procedures to effectively employ operational fires for any campaign or major operation.
Download or read book Coordinating Operational Fires for the Twenty First Century written by Gregory B. Schultz and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Operational fires have played an increasingly vital role in the campaign plans of Joint Force Commanders as technology has increased the ability to identify, target, and engage enemy forces, facilities, and functions throughout the depth of the battlefield. In the past, operational fires, in the form of air interdiction, have predominantly been the responsibility of the Air Force since they have possessed the systems to range and engage the enemy effectively at operational depths. New and developing capabilities like JSTARS, ATACMS, Extended Range MLRS, Apache Longbow, and brilliant munitions, are increasing the complexity, potential, and joint nature of operational fires. These capabilities have contributed to the increased emphasis on joint operations and has led to considerable debate on the issue of operational fire planning, coordination, and execution. This monograph examines the need for a Joint Force Fires Coordinator (JFFC) to help maximize the potential of operational fires. To determine whether a JFFC is needed, this paper first examines the nature and concept of operational fires from contextual and doctrinal perspectives. This is done by reviewing the historical background and development of operational fires and the Army, Air Force, and Joint doctrine regarding operational fires and interdiction planning, coordination, and execution. Using the criteria of effectiveness, efficiency, and unity of effort, this paper then reviews the experiences of joint and service component planners during the Gulf War and identifies problems or shortcomings in current doctrine and procedures. This paper concludes that shortcomings in joint doctrine, combined with competing interests and perspectives by the component services prevents the optimal use of operational fires.
Download or read book Coordinating Operational Fires in a High Risk Battle Space A New Concept for the Joint Commander written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current joint doctrine is adequate for coordinating fires up to the corps/MEF level. Operation Allied Force, the 78-day major air operation designed to stop Serb aggression in Kosovo from March to June 1999, has clearly shown the need for a common method to coordinate operational fires and ground maneuver, while simultaneously minimizing collateral damage. The Joint Force Commander has a requirement for a permanent joint staff fires element to plan, coordinate and execute fires to support the JFC's overall objectives. My thesis emphasizes that the solution is not a technological one, but one capitalizing on service experts to form a joint fires cell. In my opinion, the joint fires problem stems from a combination of factors; lack of joint integration at the JFC level, and no one with their finger on the pulse of the total joint fires picture. My thesis proposes a way that the joint staff could be integrated to more effectively address the joint fires function of the JFC.
Download or read book Joint Fire Support written by Lloyd J. Austin, III and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for planning, coordinating, and executing joint fire support across the range of military operations. This publication has been prepared under the direction of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. It sets forth joint doctrine to govern the activities and performance of the Armed Forces of the United States in joint operations and provides the doctrinal basis for interagency coordination and for US military involvement in multinational operations. It provides military guidance for the exercise of authority by combatant commanders and other joint force commanders (JFCs) and prescribes joint doctrine for operations, education, and training. It provides military guidance for use by the Armed Forces in preparing their appropriate plans. It is not the intent of this publication to restrict the authority of the JFC from organizing the force and executing the mission in a manner the JFC deems most appropriate to ensure unity of effort in the accomplishment of the overall objective. Joint fires are defined as fires delivered during the employment of forces from two or more components in coordinated action to produce desired effects in support of a common objective. Joint fire support is defined as joint fires that assist air, land, maritime, and SOF to move, maneuver, and control territory, populations, airspace, and key waters in support of the joint force commander's (JFC's) scheme of maneuver. The concept of operations (CONOPS) describes how actions of the joint force components and supporting organizations will be integrated, synchronized, and phased to accomplish the mission, including potential branches and sequels. All fires should support the JFC's objectives. Some fires will support maneuver forces, and other fires are independent of maneuver and orient on creating specific effects.
Download or read book The Joint Fires Element An Initial Solution written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st Century joint force will be the centerpiece for a wide range of military operations that will emphasize gaining operational and strategic effects against the enemy force. Modern systems, sophisticated communications, sensors and unprecedented battlefield awareness make more decentralized and independent operations easier to plan, coordinate and execute. As the joint task force assumes the role as the primary deployment arm of the military instrument, its commander must be capable of managing a multitude of operational level activities across a battle space that continues to change its shape and become less defined. The addition of the Joint Fires Element to the JTF provides the commander with a dedicated staff to ensure that the joint force is capable of successfully accomplishing the joint fire support tasks and allows component commanders to focus greater attention to planning and execution of assigned missions. Simply stated, there is a compelling need for a standing joint fires element at the joint task force headquarters to plan, coordinate and integrate joint fires into the commander's concept of operations. This paper briefly summarizes the need to modify current doctrine, presents the current state of staff roles and functions to manage joint fires, identifies where doctrine has attempted to appease its critics but fallen short of adequately addressing the key issues, and finally presents a suggested organization at the joint task force level to plan, coordinate and execute effective joint operational fires.
Download or read book Operational Fires Improving Doctrine to Apply the Operational Art to Fires written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes whether joint doctrine adequately provides a framework for the Joint Forces Commander to apply the operational art to fires. With the increased lethality of precision, fires will play an increased role in campaign plans of the future. Joint Doctrine should enable the Joint Force commander to employ the facets of Operational art to the function of fires. Operation Desert Storm demonstrated the capabilities and challenges of employing fires at the Joint Operational level. Operational fires facilitated the rapid collapse of Iraqi ground forces during the coalition's four day ground offensive. Friction, however, arose between the ground and air components, both while fires were shaping the battle space and during the offensive. The doctrine developed since Desert Storm still leaves unanswered questions concerning who is responsible for operational fires and where they will be delivered. This paper recommends that joint doctrine be developed for operational fires. New joint doctrine should prescribe the direction of joint-operational fires under a single joint command. Doctrine should also address how the battle space should be divided to facilitate the Joint Force Commander's concept of fires. Finally, doctrine should anticipate that maneuver may be conducted to support operational fires.
Download or read book Joint Force Fires Coordinator Study written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides the J-7 Joint Staff with conclusions and recommendations regarding the joint force fires coordinator (JFFC) concept to include development of a Joint Staff position and a recommendation to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. During the study period the Army-Air Force Warfighter Conference results were released. These results included an agreement that the title 'JFFC' should be changed not to connote any command authority. This study addresses the issue with siginificance but uses the title 'JFFC' as a point of reference for the fluctions and not to endorse the name. The Joint Warfighting Center (JWFC) study team examined the JFFC concept from the joint force commander's (JFC) viewpoint by identifying joint fires functions and tasks and testing the appropriateness of their assignment to the J-3 who could be assisted by a JFFC. The definitions of fires, joint fires, and joint fire support along with the JFFC concept provided in the July 1996 final draft of Joint Pub 3-09, 'Doctrine for Joint Fire Support,' were used as starting points. Data was collected from the Joint Electronic Library (JEL), geographic combatant commands, Service doctrine commands, Joint Universal Lessons Learned System (JULLS), exercise observations, interviews, briefings, meetings, and library resources. The study compares the joint fires functions and tasks performed by the JFC (J-3 cognizance), joint targeting coordination board (JTCB), joint force air component commander (JFACC), and other components. The study draws conclusions and makes recommendations about the potential JFFC impact on joint doctrine and joint targeting procedures, long-range. implications, and advantage s/disadvantages of establishing a JFFC.
Download or read book Synchronizing Airpower and Other Operational Fires The Joint Force Commander s Role written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poor decisions by the Joint Force Commander (JFC) regarding command relationships and synchronization procedures will inhibit effective employment of airpower and other operational fires given the compressed time, greater mobility, and enhanced lethality of twenty-first century warfare. The trend toward a smaller force structure, diminished acceptance of collateral damage and increased involvement by political leaders makes the modern battlefield less forgiving to errors in command relationships, apportionment, targeting, and fire support coordination. Operation Desert Storm proves that improper command relationships, incorrect apportionment, absence of a joint targeting coordination board (JTCB), and poor placement of the fire support coordination line (FSCL) will prevent accomplishing the desired end state even with a harmonious operational design. Operation Allied Force demonstrates that success is elusive and operational fires ineffective with incoherent national policy objectives, poor center of gravity analysis, unsuitable command relationships, fruitless apportionment, and a nonexistent JTCB. This analysis suggests that for the effective employment of operational fires, U.S. Joint Doctrine should require the JFC to construct a coherent operational design and then actively orchestrate synchronization by designating component commanders, initiating a logical air apportionment decision, establishing a JTCB, and then controlling placement of the FSCL for any campaign or major operation.
