Download or read book The International Regulation of Informal Value Transfer Systems written by Anand Ajay Shah and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the 11th September 2001 attacks on the United States international attention quickly focused on the sources and methods of terrorist financing. Among the methods terrorists and other criminal actors use to transfer funds are Informal Value Transfer Systems (IVTS) which operate either outside the formal financial sector, or through use of the formal financial sector, but without leaving a full record of the transaction. Though the vast majority of funds moved through IVTS are the earnings of migrant workers and immigrant communities, the lack of uniform worldwide regulation of IVTS provides ample opportunity for abuse and misuse. The international community primarily responded to IVTS concerns through the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering, which issued a series of recommendations and best practices for states in regulating IVTS operations. While these recommendations are a secure beginning to regulation of IVTS operating within ethnic communities, they fail to address the more modern forms of IVTS that have come about in the post-Cold War globalised world. Comprehensive recommendations governing all types of IVTS, as well as concerted international cooperation and coordination are necessary to address this global phenomenon.

Download or read book Regulatory Frameworks for Hawala and Other Remittance Systems written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2005-03-24 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hawala and other remittance systems have gained attention in recent years with the substantial growth of remittance flows from countries with large migrant labor forces and with increased focus on combating money laundering and the financing of terrorism. The IMF and the World Bank have been researching these systems since 2002 to better understand the interplay of historical, cultural, and economic factors that promote such systems. This book is a survey of regulatory practices and an overview of experiences in different countries, and includes articles on regulatory frameworks in remitting and receiving countries and on the problems that can arise when regulating remittance systems.

Download or read book A Paper Chase in a Paperless World written by Matthew Rosenbaum and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informal Value Transfer Systems (“IVTS”) are types of remittance mechanisms that allow funds to change hands and cross borders without necessarily passing through the conventional banking sector. While many IVTS transfers serve legitimate purposes, in a post-9/11 world, IVTS have garnered increased attention as potential sources of funding for terrorism or other criminal activity. This note examines past approaches to IVTS regulation in the United States and abroad, and outlines the obstacles that have undermined effective regulation. To overcome such obstacles, it argues that the United States and the international community should adopt new regulatory measures, including positive incentives to increase self-regulation and cooperation between IVTS operators and law enforcement. This note further discusses how the government should enact and enforce such new incentives, arguing that implementation methods -- including a focus on procedural justice concerns -- may strongly impact co-operation rates with law enforcement.

Download or read book Informal Funds Transfer Systems written by Mr.Samuel Munzele Maimbo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-08-18 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, there has been increased public interest in informal funds transfer (IFT) systems. This paper examines the informal hawala system, an IFT system found predominantly in the Middle East and South Asia. The paper examines the historical and socioeconomic context within which the hawala has evolved, the operational features that make it susceptible to potential financial abuse, the fiscal and monetary implications for hawala-remitting and hawala-recipient countries, and current regulatory and supervisory responses.

Download or read book Informal Value Transfer Systems Terrorism and Money Laundering written by Nikos Passas and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To facilitate law enforcement and regulatory actions in the relatively unfamiliar field of IVTS, three items are produced in this report. First, an analysis of difficulties likely to be encountered in investigations of hawala transactions in contrast with anticipated difficulties in investigations of any transnational type of misconduct. The point is to show what is specific about hawala and how it impacts regulatory actions. Second, a distinction is drawn between informal funds transfer systems (IFTS) and informal value transfer methods (IVTM). Both are within the wider category of IVTS, but the latter almost always involves crimes and other misconduct, whereas the former are primarily serving legitimate customers. In this way, controllers would know whenever they detect an IVTM operation, crimes were very likely committed. On the other hand, when they detect an IFTS operation, they should not automatically assume crimes are committed. Third, two sets of indicators are developed regarding the operation of IFTS. One is indicators of IFTS activity. In such cases, if the US operators are not registered and licensed, as required, they would be committing an offense. Otherwise, the operations/transfers probably do not involve other crimes. The second set of indicators flags criminal abuse of IFTS. When one or several of them obtain in a given case, the situation would merit investigation to find out what types of funds are transferred and for what purposes. IVTS interface with a wide range of criminal transnational activities. Therefore: * Understanding IVTS requires a better understanding of transnational crime, an understudied area thus far. * Studying IVTS more in depth can contribute to a better understanding of transnational crime. To a very large extent, traditional forms of IVTS serve legitimate needs that cannot be met in other ways. It would be wise therefore to: * Explore ways of offering additional channels for fund transfers; * Ensure continuation of vital services and minimum disruption; * Improve institutional or official methods offering similar services; * Reduce economic and other criminogenic asymmetries. IVTS include an extremely wide range of methods from very low tech and simplistic to highly sophisticated; we also see the interface of several of them, including cross-ethnic collaborations. Terrorism funding can and has come from all of the above channels. It is essential, thus, to consider, * that paying attention only to hawala-type operations is misplaced and ineffective; * the need for inclusive, comprehensive policy based on an adequate understanding of interfaces; * focusing on the most significant, rather than excluding from policy considerations methods like trade diversion; and, * engaging in more in depth studies of each method with the view of training officials for better detection and separation of legal use from suspicious and criminal abuses. As pressure often mounts to take swift action, we need to calculate as precisely as possible the anticipated consequences of policy and measures of anti-terrorism or other initiatives, so that we can: * ensure international cooperation of law enforcement and other authorities is improved (seminars, training, awareness for domestic and foreign organizations); * ensure law enforcement requests for assistance are based on facts, not on flimsy and uncorroborated evidence; * ensure US law enforcement agencies assist in the work of overseas counterparts as reciprocity is indispensable for long term successes. On a different level, given that strategies related to the financing of terrorism cannot solve all problems, we need to fully understand and fight the roots of terrorism and other serious crime problems. Supply-side approaches only have a limited and rather short-term effect. Demand-side policies hold a stronger promise for a safer planet and protection of US interests. * Given the ease with which serious transnational crime occurs, it would be cost-effective to better understand the causes and facilitating circumstances of these crimes and construct policies aimed at tackling the root of the problem. Criminal policy is only an immediate term solution, but offers little hope of effectively dealing with the problem in the long run.

Download or read book International Transactions in Remittances written by Statistical Office of the European Communities and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2009 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The International Transactions in Remittance: Guide for Compilers and Users (RCG)" presents concepts, definitions, and classifications related to remittances. It is consistent with the new standards for measuring balance of payments transactions, as contained in the sixth edition of the "Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6)." These standards are used globally to compile comprehensive and comparable data. "The RCG" identifies the main remittances compilation methods currently being used by compilers and discusses in detail the strengths and weaknesses of each method. It is the first manual providing compilation guidance for remittances and is also the first compilation guide based on concepts set out in "BPM6." Although the "RCG" is primarily aimed at remittances data compilers, it may also be useful for users who wish to understand remittances data.

Download or read book Reference Guide to Anti money Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism written by Paul Allan Schott and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of the Reference Guide is a comprehensive source of practical information on how countries can fight money laundering and terrorist financing. Aimed at helping countries understand the new international standards, it discusses the problems caused by these crimes, the specific actions countries need to take to address them, and the role international organizations play in the process. The Reference Guide is a valuable tool for establishing effective regimes to successfully prevent, detect, and prosecute money laundering and terrorist financing.

Download or read book Informal Funds Transfer Systems written by Mr. Mohammed El Qorchi and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-08-18 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, there has been increased public interest in informal funds transfer (IFT) systems. This paper examines the informal hawala system, an IFT system found predominantly in the Middle East and South Asia. The paper examines the historical and socioeconomic context within which the hawala has evolved, the operational features that make it susceptible to potential financial abuse, the fiscal and monetary implications for hawala-remitting and hawala-recipient countries, and current regulatory and supervisory responses.

Download or read book Informal Value Transfer Systems and Criminal Organizations A Study Into So Called Underground Banking Networks written by Nikos Passas and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first systematic study into so-called "underground banking" networks. The research was funded by the Ministry of Justice of The Netherlands. It is the study that coined the term "Informal value transfer systems". The main goals of the study were to provide a policy-useful analysis of the way in which such systems operate, the extent to which criminals may resort to their services, and the policies adopted by different governments. The paper reviews hawala, black market peso exchange, fei chien and related IVTS used by various ethnic communities for remittances and trade. The study finds that both legitimate and illegitimate interests are served by IVTS. Regulators need to be cautious and avoid ethnocentric approaches that may bring about counter-productive effects with respect to economic development and crime control.

Download or read book The Money Exchange Dealers of Kabul written by Samuel Munzele Maimbo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation The study examines the hawala system 's operational characteristics, vulnerability to financial abuse and regulatory implications.

Download or read book Federal Money Laundering Regulation written by Steven Mark Levy and published by Wolters Kluwer. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 1683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Federal Money Laundering Regulation: Banking, Corporate and Securities Compliance is a comprehensive guide to understanding and complying with all U.S. legislation and regulatory requirements governing money laundering. Carefully written and well-organized, this book is the most authoritative but practical publication available in this subject area. Users of the book include banks, credit unions, securities broker-dealers, casinos, money services businesses, futures commission merchants, mutual funds, insurance companies and other financial institutions and their legal counsel, As well as regulatory and law enforcement agencies, The criminal bar, public accountants, and federal and state courts. The easy-to-use looseleaf format allows the reader to keep the volume up to date as annual supplements are issued. The current volume has approximately 1100 pages, organized in 27 chapters. Read the highlights in the latest supplement for Federal Money Laundering Regulation: Banking, Corporate and Securities Compliance .

Download or read book Trade Based Money Laundering written by John A. Cassara and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncover the financial fraud that funds terrorist organizations Trade-Based Money Laundering is an authoritative examination of this burgeoning phenomenon, now coming under scrutiny in the War on Terror. This book walks you through the signs and patterns of trade-based money laundering (TBML) to help you recognize it when it occurs, and shows you how data and analytics can be used to detect it. You'll learn the common value transfer techniques including invoice fraud, over-and-under invoicing, and misrepresentation, and learn why analytic detection systems have yet to be implemented despite the existence of copious data. Case studies from around the world highlight the real-life implications of the concepts and processes presented in the text, giving you a first-hand view of the mechanisms at work inside this expanding illegal market. Trade-based money laundering uses trade to convert large quantities of illicit cash into less conspicuous assets or commodities to evade financial transparency laws and regulations. As an ideal funding mechanism for terrorist groups, the practice is getting more attention even as it increases in scale and spread. This book takes you deep inside TBML to better arm you against its occurrence. Learn the typical value transfer techniques of TBML Examine case studies detailing international examples Discover why institutions have failed to implement detection systems Explore ways in which analytics can identify TBML According to the U.S. State Department, TBML has reached staggering proportions in recent years, and is considered by many to be the next frontier of international money laundering enforcement. Trade-Based Money Laundering gives you a battle plan, with expert insight and real-world guidance.

Download or read book International Guide to Money Laundering Law and Practice written by Arun Srivastava and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2019-04-26 with total page 1713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting with an overview of the development of money laundering and the work of international organisations, International Guide to Money Laundering Law and Practice is a unique publication providing a detailed insight into the background of money laundering operations, clearly explaining the anti-money laundering laws and regulations in 35 key global financial centres throughout the world. In addition, there are four chapters considering money laundering law and practice in the UK with the emphasis on the legal and regulatory framework and include: a chapter on the accounting and auditing issues; and a chapter on confiscating the proceeds of crime written by Jonathan Fisher, QC, a leading barrister specialising in corporate and financial crime, proceeds of crime and tax cases. It also contains a chapter covering international responses and initiatives to money laundering. The fifth edition covers, amongst other things, the implementation of the Fifth EU Money Laundering Directive and the Criminal Finances Bill. Written by local experts and edited by a team from Baker McKenzie's Financial Services Group, International Guide to Money Laundering Law and Practice is the leading, authoritative text on this heavily regulated area of law. It is essential for all banking and finance practitioners involved in anti-money laundering, banks, compliance officers and regulators in order to keep abreast of the developments and compliant with the law and regulations internationally.

Download or read book The Withdrawal of Correspondent Banking Relationships written by Mrs.Michaela Erbenova and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-06-30 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper focuses on the withdrawal of correspondent banking relationships (CBRs) in some jurisdictions post-global financial crisis. It describes existing evidence and consequences of the withdrawal of CBRs and explores drivers of this phenomenon drawing on recent surveys and select country information. While the withdrawal of CBRs has reached a critical level in some affected countries, which can have a systemic impact if unaddressed, macroeconomic consequences have not been identified so far at a global level. The paper presents responses from the international community to address this phenomenon, and explains the role that the IMF has been playing in this global effort, especially with regards to supporting member countries in the context of surveillance and technical assistance, facilitating dialogue among stakeholders, and encouraging data gathering efforts. The paper concludes by suggesting policy responses by public and private sector stakeholders needed to further mitigate potential negative impacts that could undermine financial stability, inclusion, growth and development goals.

Download or read book Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing Risks Posed by Alternative Remittance in Australia written by David Rees and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Canada Vietnam Remittance Corridor written by Raúl Hernández-Coss and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the experience of the Canada-Vietnam remittances corridor over the past several years, this title is a first step towards identifying the main features and pointing out some of the areas and issues that researchers and authorities should examine more closely. In contrast to the large size and advanced level of development of the U.S.-Mexico remittances corridor, examined in the first case study, the Canada-Vietnam corridor is small in absolute terms and still at a nascent stage of shifting from informal to formal systems. For purposes of discussion, 'The Canada-Vietnam Remittance Corridor' breaks down the remittance process into three stages: - the First Mile, when decisions are in the hands of the remittance sender; - the Intermediary Stage, comprising the systems that facilitate the cross-border transfer of funds, and; - the Last Mile, where the funds reach the hands of the remittance recipient. By analyzing the objectives, obstacles, incentives, and changes occurring at each of these stages in the Canada-Vietnam corridor, lessons are drawn for other remittance sending and receiving countries that seek to encourage formalization of the flows.

Download or read book General Principles for International Remittance Services written by Group of Ten. Committee on Payment and Settlement Systems and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: