Download or read book The Interactions Between Prenatal and Postnatal Maternal Depressive Symptoms Protective Factors Stressful Life Events and Neurophysiology in Early Infancy written by Polina Plamenova Stoyanova and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prenatal and postnatal maternal depressive symptoms have been linked to infants' neurophysiological impairments, cognitive deficits, developmental delay, and persisting emotional and behavioral problems. Stressful life events may increase self-perceived depressive symptoms of mothers. Concurrently, social support may reduce prenatal and postnatal maternal depressive symptoms. This dissertation investigated how prenatal and postnatal maternal depressive symptoms relate to infants' neurophysiological outcomes, as well as to protective factors for the mothers and stressful life events. The impact of maternal educational status on these relations was considered. 150 mothers and infants from socially and culturally disadvantaged families participating in a longitudinal study (Bremen Initiative to Foster Early Childhood Development). The participants were interviewed 1) after the 30th week of their pregnancy and till the 10th week after child birth, and 2) between the 2nd and 4th month after child birth, and 3) between the 6nd and 8th month after child birth. Neurophysiological activity was examined in six-to-eight-month-old infants as assessed by spontaneous Electroencephalogram (EEG). Different statistical analyses were conducted in this dissertation to investigate the interactions firstly, between prenatal and postnatal maternal depressive symptoms and infants' neurophysiology and secondly, between prenatal and postnatal maternal depressive symptoms, stressful life events and overall social and partner social support. The results revealed changes of spontaneous brain activity during alert resting states in infants of depressed mothers, which were similarly observed in depressed patients. Low frontal and parietal alpha power and alpha desynchronization were reported for high-risk infants and related to their mother's depressive symptoms and partly to their educational status. Stressful life events were predictors for the occurrence of maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy. Overall social and partner social support reduced maternal depressive symptoms and thereby, were significant resources for depressed mothers during both prepartum and postpartum. Neurophysiological markers, such as adverse alpha power and alpha desynchronization, might play an important role for the identification of infants at risk. Understanding the role of maternal depressive symptoms and its interactions with overall social and partner social support, stressful life events and maternal educational status may help developing effective intervention programs for families during the phase of pregnancy and early infancy.

Download or read book Prenatal Stress and Child Development written by Ashley Wazana and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-19 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the complex impact of prenatal stress and the mechanism of its transmission on children’s development and well-being, including prenatal programming, epigenetics, infl ammatory processes, and the brain-gut microbiome. It analyzes current findings on prenatal stressors affecting pregnancy, including preconception stress, prenatal maternal depression, anxiety, and pregnancy-specific anxieties. Chapters explore how prenatal stress affects cognitive, affective, behavioral, and neurobiological development in children while pinpointing core processes of adaptation, resilience, and interventions that may reduce negative behaviors and promote optimal outcomes in children. Th is complex perspective on mechanisms by which early environmental influences interact with prenatal programming of susceptibility aims to inform clinical strategies and future research targeting prenatal stress and its cyclical impact on subsequent generations. Key areas of coverage include: The developmental effects of prenatal maternal stress on children. Epigenetic effects of prenatal stress. Intergenerational transmission of parental early life stress. The microbiome-gut-brain axis and the effects of prenatal stress on early neurodevelopment. The effect of prenatal stress on parenting. Gestational stress and resilience. Prenatal stress and children’s sleeping behavior. Prenatal, perinatal, and population-based interventions to prevent psychopathology. Prenatal Stress and Child Development is an essential resource for researchers, professors and graduate students as well as clinicians, therapists, and related professionals in infancy and early childhood development, maternal and child health, developmental psychology, pediatrics, social work, child and adolescent psychiatry, developmental neuroscience, and related behavioral and social sciences and medical disciplines. Excerpt from the foreword: “I would make the plea that in addition to anyone with an interest in child development, this book should be essential reading for researchers pursuing “pre-clinical, basic science models of neurodevelopment and brain health”.... This book provides what in my mind is the most advanced compilation of existing knowledge and state-of-the-art science in the field of prenatal psychiatry/psychology (and perhaps in the entire field of prenatal medicine). This volume can brilliantly serve to focus future directions in our understanding of the perinatal determinants of brain health.” Michael J Meaney James McGill Professor of Medicine Translational Neuroscience Programme Adjunct Professor of Paediatrics

Download or read book Maternal Depressive Symptoms Acculturative Stress and the Development of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Preschool age Children written by Jessica Rico and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High levels of emotional and behavioral problems have been reported in preschool-aged Mexican-American children, the fastest growing minority population in the US. Preschool-aged children that experience emotional and behavioral problems are more likely to encounter difficulties at home and in school throughout development than children not experiencing these problems. Research suggests early exposure to maternal stress and depression in utero is associated with increased risk for emotional and behavioral problems in young children. This may be particularly salient in vulnerable populations that experience high levels of stressors and maternal depression such as women of Mexican descent. These women not only experience daily life stressors but sociocultural stressors as well, including acculturative stress (i.e., stress associated with the acculturative process), which may affect the developing fetus. Prenatal programming of postnatal offspring psychopathology is poorly understood, especially in the Mexican population. The current study used the fetal programming hypothesis, which states that harmful effects during the prenatal period can affect the developing fetus and have long-term consequences for child development. Preschool age is a particularly important time to assess and treat emotional and behavioral difficulties due to behavioral and neurodevelopmental plasticity at this time. It was hypothesized that 1) prenatal maternal depressive symptoms and acculturative stress would each be associated with depressive symptoms in preschool-aged children, 2) prenatal maternal depressive symptoms and acculturative stress would each be associated with anxiety symptoms in preschool-aged children, 3) prenatal maternal depressive symptoms would moderate the relationship between prenatal maternal acculturative stress and depressive symptoms in preschool-aged children, and 4) prenatal maternal depressive symptoms would moderate the relationship between prenatal maternal acculturative stress and anxiety symptoms in preschool-aged children. Separate linear regressions suggest that fetal exposure to prenatal maternal depressive symptoms, but not acculturative stress, was associated with greater depressive symptoms in preschool-aged children in one of two measures of childhood depression. However, the relationship between prenatal maternal depression and child depressive symptoms was no longer significant once postpartum depression was controlled. There was no relationship between prenatal maternal depression, prenatal maternal acculturative, and child anxiety. A moderation analysis showed that prenatal maternal acculturative stress may be indirectly associated with the development of child depressive symptoms via maternal depression, such that children exposed to high levels of maternal acculturative stress and low levels of maternal depression during pregnancy had lower levels of depressive symptoms. The narrow range of child depression scores may have limited the ability of the data to adequately test the hypotheses, but the data suggest that there is unlikely to be a simple relationship between prenatal factors such as maternal depressive symptoms and acculturative stress and the development of depressive symptoms in preschool-aged Mexican-American children, but that early life factors likely play a role.

Download or read book Risk Factors for Depression Anxiety and Stress in Expectant and New Mothers written by Danielle Marie Clout and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The perinatal period represents a time of increased vulnerability to experience psychological distress in many women. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a well-recognised mental health concern that is known to have deleterious effects on some new mothers and their relationship with their spouse and infant. Recently, anxiety and stress have been recognised as symptoms that are commonly comorbid with (or occur independently of) perinatal depression, although less is known about the psychological and non-psychological risk factors for these affective states. Thus, using a community sample of 105 women in their third-trimester of pregnancy, the aim of this thesis was to broaden the current conceptualisation of psychological distress in the perinatal period to include the affective states of psychological stress and anxiety, and to examine a broad range of factors that have previously been identified as risk factors for perinatal depression, and to assess their potential role in the aetiology of perinatal anxiety and stress. Paper 1 examined the relationship between attachment-avoidance, attachment-anxiety, and marital relationship quality during pregnancy, and symptoms of postpartum depression, anxiety, and stress. The study results indicated that marital satisfaction and emotional affection significantly predicted depression levels, and marital satisfaction significantly predicted anxiety levels. In addition, mediational analyses indicated that dyadic satisfaction significantly mediated the relationships between high attachment-anxiety to worse anxiety and depression, and it also mediated the relationship between high attachment-avoidance to later anxiety and depression symptoms. Paper 2 explored the potential contribution of attachment-avoidance and attachment-anxiety in a woman's relationships with her parents and close friends and the association of these factors to her experience of depression, anxiety, and stress during the third-trimester of pregnancy and 4-6 months postpartum. In addition, changes in the women's attachment networks were examined across the transition to parenthood. The study results showed that women who were high on attachment-anxiety in relation to their mothers and close friends were more likely to experience depression during pregnancy, but only attachment-anxiety to their mothers predicted high depression levels postpartum. In addition, women's attachment-anxiety to their mothers and attachment-avoidance to their friends predicted high anxiety levels during pregnancy, and attachment-anxiety to their mothers predicted high stress levels during pregnancy. Further, the size of the women's attachment networks remained stable from the third-trimester to the postpartum, although they tended to rely less on their partners and close friends for attachment needs in the postpartum. Paper 3 evaluated the different aspects or functions of social support during the third-trimester of pregnancy as potential predictors of depression, anxiety, and stress levels during pregnancy and at 4-6 months postpartum. The study results showed that the perceived unavailability of self-esteem support predicted high depression levels in the third-trimester, whereas less perceived appraisal support predicted high stress and anxiety levels during pregnancy. However, only total social support score predicted high stress and depression levels postpartum, whereas none of the social support variables predicted postpartum anxiety. Lastly, paper 4 examined a range of sociodemographic, pregnancy, obstetric, and postnatal variables as potential risk factors for postpartum depression, anxiety, and stress. The study results showed that caesarean delivery was associated with high postpartum depression, anxiety, and stress levels. In addition, child sleep problems were related to high depression levels, child health problems were related to high anxiety, a greater number of recent stressful life events were related to high stress levels, and maternal sleep problems were related to greater PPD. However, these results became non-significant after controlling for prenatal levels of maternal distress. Nonetheless, the women who underwent caesarean delivery reported higher prenatal stress, anxiety, and depression levels, relative to women who did not undergo the procedure. Taken together, the results of the four studies are likely to have implications for the screening of women during the perinatal period, and they may assist healthcare professionals who work with expectant and new mothers. In particular, the study results suggest that a woman's relationships with her family and close friends as well as with her spouse may be important in shaping her psychological experiences including perinatal distress. In addition, the totality of social support rather than any particular aspect of social support appears to buffer against the potential to experience maternal distress, although self-esteem and appraisal support may be important. Finally, the women who had a caesarean delivery were more likely to be distressed in the third-trimester of pregnancy and also at 4-6 months postpartum. Thus, the results point to the need to screen pregnant women for mental health problems if they have a marked preference for caesarean delivery.

Download or read book Examining the Reciprocal Longitudinal Relations Between Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Infant Positive Emotionality in the First Year Postpartum written by Kate B. Oddi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study examined the relationship between maternal depressive symptoms and infant positive emotionality (PE) in the first year postpartum. It was anticipated that a reciprocal relationship between the variables would be identified. One hundred thirty-five mothers and their infants (62 males, 73 females) were recruited to participate in a larger study examining the development of temperament and emotion regulation in the first three years of life. Mothers provided demographic information and participated in a structured clinical interview when their infants were four months old. When infants reached 6, 8, and 10 months of age, mothers completed questionnaires which assessed maternal depressive symptoms and infant PE. Infants participated in a structured game of Peek-a-Boo with their mothers during laboratory visits and these interactions were later coded for several indicators of infant PE. Trained research assistants also observed infants during laboratory visits and then rated their degree of happiness. Structural equation modeling was utilized to test the study's key hypothesis. Surprisingly, results did not support a reciprocal relationship between maternal depressive symptoms and infant PE in the first year of life. However, results did suggest that mothers who had experienced clinical levels of depression within their lifetime rated their eight-month-old infants as less positive on the Infant Behavior Questionnaire--Revised than other mothers. Mothers with a history of clinical depression also tended to have infants who displayed more positivity during the Peek-a-Boo game when they were 6 and 8 months old as compared to other infants. Examination of autoregressive effects indicated consistency with regard to the severity of maternal depressive symptoms between the time infants were 6 and 10 months old. The pattern of autoregressive effects for infant PE depended on the method used to assess the construct, but overall results suggest that infant PE develops considerably in the first 8 months of life. In addition to results concerning autoregressive and cross-lagged effects, analyses revealed important similarities and differences between methods of assessing maternal depression and infant positive emotionality in the first year of life. Implications of the present study's findings for future research and practice are discussed.

Download or read book Women s Reproductive Mental Health Across the Lifespan written by Diana Lynn Barnes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-30 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this book you’ll find a thoughtfully edited chronicle of the unique convergence of genetic, hormonal, social, and environmental forces that influence a woman’s mental health over the course of her life. Both comprehensive and nuanced, Women’s Reproductive Mental Health Across the Lifespan captures the science, clinical observation, and collective wisdom of experts in the field. Professionals and laypersons alike are well-advised to make room on their bookshelves for this one!" - Margaret Howard, Ph.D., Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Women & Infants Hospital, Providence RI "This outstanding collection of work is an important, timely, and much needed resource. Dr. Diana Lynn Barnes has been instrumental in bringing attention to the needs of perinatal women for decades. In Women's Reproductive Health Across the Lifespan, she brilliantly unites the medical world of reproductive life events with the psychiatric and psychological world of mental health issues associated with them. Her expertise, combined with contributions by distinguished leaders in the field, create a volume of work that should be studied carefully by every medical and mental health provider who works with women." - Karen Kleiman, MSW, The Postpartum Stress Center, Author of Therapy and the Postpartum Woman "Finally, a book that addresses the entire scope of women’s reproductive mental health spanning the gamut from puberty to menopause. The list of chapter contributors reads like a who’s who of international experts. Unique to this book is its focus on the interaction of genetics, hormonal fluctuations, and the social environment. It is a must addition for the libraries of clinicians and researchers in women’s reproductive mental health". - Cheryl Tatano Beck, DNSc, CNM, FAAN, Board of Trustees Distinguished Professor, School of Nursing, University of Connecticut Pregnancy and childbirth are generally viewed as joyous occasions. Yet for numerous women, these events instead bring anxiety, depression, and emotional distress. Increased interest in risk reduction and early clinical intervention is bringing reproductive issues to the forefront of women's mental health. The scope of Women's Reproductive Mental Health across the Lifespan begins long before the childbearing years, and continues well after those years have ended. Empirical findings, case examples, and dispatches from emerging areas of the field illuminate representative issues across the continuum of women's lives with the goal of more effective care benefitting women and their families. Chapter authors discuss advances in areas such as fertility treatment and contraception, and present current thinking on the psychological impact of pregnancy loss, menopause, cancer, and other stressors. These expert contributors emphasize the connections between an individual's biology and psychology and cultural expectations in shaping women's mental health, and the balance between a client's unique history and current clinical knowledge clinicians need to address disorders. Included in the coverage: The experience of puberty and emotional wellbeing. Body image issues and eating disorders in the childbearing years. Risk assessment and screening during pregnancy. Normal and pathological postpartum anxiety. Mood disorders and the transition to menopause. The evolution of reproductive psychiatry. A reference with an extended shelf life, Women's Reproductive Mental Health across the Lifespan enhances the work of researchers and practitioners in social work, clinical psychology, and psychiatry, and has potential relevance to all health care professionals.

Download or read book Maternal Stress During Pregnancy and Adolescent Depression written by Anna Fineberg and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maternal stress during pregnancy has been repeatedly associated with lasting changes in offspring physiology and behavior. Despite evidence linking maternal stress during pregnancy to premorbid abnormalities associated with depression, such as difficult temperament, cognitive deficits, and, in animal studies, brain abnormalities and biological profiles linked to depression, very few studies have examined maternal stress during pregnancy in relation to offspring depression itself and no study has examined sex differences in this association. The current study used data from 1,711 mother-offspring dyads enrolled in a longitudinal birth cohort study. Maternal narratives collected during pregnancy provided a direct, prospective measure of maternal stress during pregnancy and were qualitatively coded for stressful life events and stress-related themes by two independent raters. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify distinct subgroups of offspring based on exposure to maternal psychosocial stress during pregnancy and other known developmental factors from the prenatal, childhood, and adolescent periods that have been previously associated with depression and/or maternal stress during pregnancy. To examine sex differences, LCA was conducted separately for males and females. Subgroups derived from the LCA were compared to determine whether and to what extent they differed on adolescent depressive symptoms. LCA revealed a subgroup of "high risk" females, characterized by higher maternal ambivalence/negativity about the pregnancy, lower levels of maternal positivity about the pregnancy, higher levels of reported routine daily hassles during pregnancy, lower levels of maternal education, higher maternal age, higher maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), higher levels of maternal worry about finances and health concerns during childhood, higher levels of inhibition and conduct symptoms during childhood, decreased cognitive functioning during childhood and adolescence, lower levels of perceived paternal and maternal support during adolescence, and higher levels of maternal depression during adolescence. These high risk females exhibited elevated depressive symptoms during adolescence relative to both the "low risk" female group and the mean of the sample. A subgroup of males defined by similar indicators was not found to have elevated depressive symptoms during adolescence. Our findings appear to be in line with an emerging body of evidence suggesting that prenatal stress may have a lasting and sex-specific influence on offspring development.

Download or read book Risk and Resilience for Postpartum Depression in Mothers of Infants who Required Neonatal intensive care unit Hospitalization written by Rose Belanger and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Postpartum depression is linked to significant negative outcomes for mothers, their life partners, and, particularly, their infants and young children. However, postpartum depression is the most common undiagnosed and untreated maternal mental health disorder in the United States and around the world. Mothers of infants treated in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and who experience a developmental delay may be at particularly high risk for developing postpartum depression. There are few available well-validated measures that screen mothers for risk or protective factors for postpartum depression. The present study examined multiple factors hypothesized to increase risk or promote resilience for postpartum depression. Participants were 148 biological mothers of infants, currently or previously treated in a NICU. Mothers provided demographic information and completed measures of pregnancy unhappiness, avoidance coping, perceived life stress, relationship satisfaction, and social support, and answered questions regarding their awareness of, concerns about, and personal preferences for receiving services and support if and when they experienced symptoms of postpartum depression. Higher pregnancy unhappiness, perceived stress, and use of avoidance coping were associated with higher postpartum depression symptoms scores; higher relationship satisfaction and social support were associated with lower scores. In addition, social support moderated the effects of stress on mothers' symptoms of postpartum depression but did not moderate the effects of stress on mothers' use of avoidance coping.

Download or read book Stressful Life Events in Pregnancy and Postpartum Depressive Symptoms Among Women in Washington State written by Nithya Kannan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Stressful life events (SLEs) such as job loss or death of a loved one are common in pregnancy. Studies have shown that women with SLEs during pregnancy are more likely to develop postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS). This study examined the association between stressful life events (SLEs) experienced one year before delivery and postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS) among women in Washington (WA) State and whether perceived availability of social support modified this association. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of post-partum women who participated in the WA State Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) survey from 2009-2013 was performed. Women were classified as having any SLE (>1SLEs) if they reported experiencing at-least one of 12 SLEs one year before delivery. Women were categorized as having PDS if they responded "always" or "often" to at least one of two questions and classified as not having PDS if they responded "never", "rarely" or "sometimes" to all questions on depressive symptoms. Women having any perceived availability of financial, physical or emotional help were classified as having any social support. Multivariable Poisson regression was performed to estimate relative risks with 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for maternal age, race, education and insurance status. Effect modification by perceived availability of social support was assessed using the Wald test. Results: Among 6,415 women, 68% reported one or more SLEs (financial=75.5%, partner-related=40.2%, emotional=39.1% and traumatic=25.8%). Nineteen percent of mothers experienced PDS out of whom 79% had > 1 SLEs one year before delivery. Among women with any SLE, most (94.2%) reported having at least one form of social support; 72.3% had all 4 types. Compared to women with no SLEs, women with any SLE were 1.7 times more likely (95% CI 1.4, 2.0) to report PDS. Perceived availability of social support did not modify the association between SLEs experienced one year before delivery and PDS. Conclusions: Our study suggests that women should be screened for SLEs during prenatal visits to identify those at increased risk of developing PDS.

Download or read book Vibrant and Healthy Kids written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are the foundation of the United States, and supporting them is a key component of building a successful future. However, millions of children face health inequities that compromise their development, well-being, and long-term outcomes, despite substantial scientific evidence about how those adversities contribute to poor health. Advancements in neurobiological and socio-behavioral science show that critical biological systems develop in the prenatal through early childhood periods, and neurobiological development is extremely responsive to environmental influences during these stages. Consequently, social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors significantly affect a child's health ecosystem and ability to thrive throughout adulthood. Vibrant and Healthy Kids: Aligning Science, Practice, and Policy to Advance Health Equity builds upon and updates research from Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity (2017) and From Neurons to Neighborhoods: The Science of Early Childhood Development (2000). This report provides a brief overview of stressors that affect childhood development and health, a framework for applying current brain and development science to the real world, a roadmap for implementing tailored interventions, and recommendations about improving systems to better align with our understanding of the significant impact of health equity.

Download or read book From Neurons to Neighborhoods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.

Download or read book Parents with Mental and or Substance Use Disorders and their Children written by Joanne Nicholson and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-17 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Adolescence written by Roger J.R. Levesque and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-05 with total page 3161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Adolescence breaks new ground as an important central resource for the study of adolescence. Comprehensive in breath and textbook in depth, the Encyclopedia of Adolescence – with entries presented in easy-to-access A to Z format – serves as a reference repository of knowledge in the field as well as a frequently updated conduit of new knowledge long before such information trickles down from research to standard textbooks. By making full use of Springer’s print and online flexibility, the Encyclopedia is at the forefront of efforts to advance the field by pushing and creating new boundaries and areas of study that further our understanding of adolescents and their place in society. Substantively, the Encyclopedia draws from four major areas of research relating to adolescence. The first broad area includes research relating to "Self, Identity and Development in Adolescence". This area covers research relating to identity, from early adolescence through emerging adulthood; basic aspects of development (e.g., biological, cognitive, social); and foundational developmental theories. In addition, this area focuses on various types of identity: gender, sexual, civic, moral, political, racial, spiritual, religious, and so forth. The second broad area centers on "Adolescents’ Social and Personal Relationships". This area of research examines the nature and influence of a variety of important relationships, including family, peer, friends, sexual and romantic as well as significant nonparental adults. The third area examines "Adolescents in Social Institutions". This area of research centers on the influence and nature of important institutions that serve as the socializing contexts for adolescents. These major institutions include schools, religious groups, justice systems, medical fields, cultural contexts, media, legal systems, economic structures, and youth organizations. "Adolescent Mental Health" constitutes the last major area of research. This broad area of research focuses on the wide variety of human thoughts, actions, and behaviors relating to mental health, from psychopathology to thriving. Major topic examples include deviance, violence, crime, pathology (DSM), normalcy, risk, victimization, disabilities, flow, and positive youth development.

Download or read book Perinatal Stress Mood and Anxiety Disorders written by Anita Riecher-Rössler and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twelve articles included offer a comprehensive up-to-date overview of the most relevant research and treatment considerations in this neglected field. A brief, though very interesting introduction to the history of psychiatry of motherhood is followed by the discussion of the old question if perinatal disorders are specific entities and if they should have a specific place in our classification systems. This book is aimed primarily at clinicians, teachers and researchers from the fields of psychiatry (adult as well as child and adolescent psychiatry), obstetrics and gynaecology, paediatrics, psychology, psychotherapy, neurobiology and psychoneuroendocrinology as well as their students and learners.

Download or read book Parenting and Substance Abuse written by Nancy E. Suchman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-21 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parenting and Substance Abuse is the first book to report on pioneering efforts to move the treatment of substance-abusing parents forward by embracing their roles and experiences as mothers and fathers directly and continually across the course of treatment.

Download or read book New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-03-25 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year, child protective services receive reports of child abuse and neglect involving six million children, and many more go unreported. The long-term human and fiscal consequences of child abuse and neglect are not relegated to the victims themselves-they also impact their families, future relationships, and society. In 1993, the National Research Council (NRC) issued the report, Under-standing Child Abuse and Neglect, which provided an overview of the research on child abuse and neglect. New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research updates the 1993 report and provides new recommendations to respond to this public health challenge. According to this report, while there has been great progress in child abuse and neglect research, a coordinated, national research infrastructure with high-level federal support needs to be established and implemented immediately. New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research recommends an actionable framework to guide and support future child abuse and neglect research. This report calls for a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to child abuse and neglect research that examines factors related to both children and adults across physical, mental, and behavioral health domains-including those in child welfare, economic support, criminal justice, education, and health care systems-and assesses the needs of a variety of subpopulations. It should also clarify the causal pathways related to child abuse and neglect and, more importantly, assess efforts to interrupt these pathways. New Directions in Child Abuse and Neglect Research identifies four areas to look to in developing a coordinated research enterprise: a national strategic plan, a national surveillance system, a new generation of researchers, and changes in the federal and state programmatic and policy response.

Download or read book Handbook of Life Course Health Development written by Neal Halfon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-20 with total page 667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. ​This handbook synthesizes and analyzes the growing knowledge base on life course health development (LCHD) from the prenatal period through emerging adulthood, with implications for clinical practice and public health. It presents LCHD as an innovative field with a sound theoretical framework for understanding wellness and disease from a lifespan perspective, replacing previous medical, biopsychosocial, and early genomic models of health. Interdisciplinary chapters discuss major health concerns (diabetes, obesity), important less-studied conditions (hearing, kidney health), and large-scale issues (nutrition, adversity) from a lifespan viewpoint. In addition, chapters address methodological approaches and challenges by analyzing existing measures, studies, and surveys. The book concludes with the editors’ research agenda that proposes priorities for future LCHD research and its application to health care practice and health policy. Topics featured in the Handbook include: The prenatal period and its effect on child obesity and metabolic outcomes. Pregnancy complications and their effect on women’s cardiovascular health. A multi-level approach for obesity prevention in children. Application of the LCHD framework to autism spectrum disorder. Socioeconomic disadvantage and its influence on health development across the lifespan. The importance of nutrition to optimal health development across the lifespan. The Handbook of Life Course Health Development is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians/professionals, and graduate students in developmental psychology/science; maternal and child health; social work; health economics; educational policy and politics; and medical law as well as many interrelated subdisciplines in psychology, medicine, public health, mental health, education, social welfare, economics, sociology, and law.