Download or read book The Interaction of E Coli RNA Polymerase with Lambda Phage PR Promoter written by Won-Chul Suh and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Interaction of Escherichia Coli RNA Polymerase with Phage lambda Promoters written by Jung-Hye Roe and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interaction of E coli RNA Polymerase with Phage lambda Promoters written by Elizabeth Margaret Owens and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mechanism of Interaction of E Coli RNA Polymerase with Bacteriophage and Bacterial Promoters written by Sigrid Leirmo and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interactions Between Phage T7 Early Promoters and E Coli RNA Polymerase written by Tao-shih Hsieh and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kinetic Investigation of the Molecular Processes Involved in the Mechanism of Open Complex Formation Between E Coli RNA Polymerase and the lambda Pr Promoter written by Wayne Kontur and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Interaction of Base analog Subsituted Lambda PR Promoters with E Coli RNA Polymerase written by John Woods Dubendorff and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interaction of Bacillus Subtilis RNA Polymerase and Phage 29 Promoters written by Cynthia Dianne Dickel and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kinetics and Mechanism of Open Complex Formation Stabilization and Initiation by E Coli RNA Polymerase at lambda PR and T7A1 Promoters written by Hao-Che Wang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The flow of genetic information in cells starts with transcription by the enzyme RNA polymerase (RNAP) of DNA information to synthesize a wide variety of structural and functional RNAs which collectively participate in most cellular processes. Transcription is therefore a highly regulated step in gene expression. Research discussed here focuses on transcription initiation, the earliest phase of transcription, and on questions of how differences in promoter DNA sequences and length affect initiation thermodynamics and kinetics. During transcription initiation, RNAP binds to and unwinds the transcription start site region of promoter DNA, opening 13 bp to form an open complex (OC). Chapter 2 reports a detailed kinetic-mechanistic comparison of OC formation for the model λPR and T7A1 promoters, and Chapter 3 does the same for OC dissociation kinetics and mechanisms. For OC formation, kinetics of 2-amino purine (-4) fluorescence, Cy3 (-100) - Cy5 (+14) FRET, and single-dye PIFE were determined and compared with filter binding kinetics of formation of long-lived promoter complexes. A range of temperatures and of glycine betaine concentrations was examined. From these comparisons, we conclude that early steps in the mechanism of OC formation are similar for the two promoters while later steps including DNA opening differ significantly. Our data are consistent with previous reports that opening of the T7A1 bubble occurs in two adjacent kinetic steps vs. one step for λPR. After the DNA opening transition state, the kinetics and mechanisms of OC formation at these two promoters become similar again. In Chapter 3, we investigated the roles of clamp closing and of allosteric effects of discriminator and upstream interactions on downstream elements in stabilizing E. coli RNA polymerase- λPR promoter open complexes (OC). Our approach is to determine dissociation rate constants for the stable OC (kd) and for the unstable I2 intermediate OC (k-2) at λPR and T7A1 promoters and promoter variants with exchanged discriminators, core promoters or UP elements by filter binding assays. Values of kd are also determined for downstream-truncated promoters (at +12, +6) and for a jaw deletion RNAP variant. Analysis yields free energy changes 8́6G3^o for the conversion of unstable I2 to a stable OC, and the large contribution to 8́6G3^o for all promoters, from clamp closing on the promoter from +6 upstream, as well as the significant contributions to 8́6G3^o for promoters with the λPR discriminator from downstream interactions with the Îø lobe and Îø' jaw that are allosterically controlled by interactions of the discriminator with ϳ1.2 and the Îø gate loop. Lastly, in chapter 4, we further test how promoters with different OC stability affect the escaping of the RNAP from promoter. Preliminary results indicate the OC lifetime mainly alters the rate for converting the OC into initial complex (IC) for NTP incorporations. Taken together, our studies provide a more complete understanding of how promoter sequence and length influences different phases of transcription initiation.
Download or read book Studies on the Interaction of E Coli RNA Polymerase with Lactose Promoter DNA written by Donald Duane Lorimer and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Bacteriophage Lambda written by Alfred Day Hershey and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Selective Binding of E Coli RNA Polymerase to Promoters on Phage T7 DNA written by Harlee S. Strauss and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regions Of E Coli RNA Polymerase Required For Lambda Q Mediated Antitermination In Binding And Function written by Heeyoun Bunch and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlled gene expression in phage [lamda] is a model of transcription regulation which is mainly mediated by transcription factors to activate or repress E. coli RNA polymerase (RNAP). They switch appropriate genes on or off, determining the lysogenic or lytic pathway of progeny phages. Q is a [lamda] late gene regulator that exerts antitermination for products of the pR' promoter. Previous studies presented exciting aspects of [lamda]Q modification of RNAP which cause dramatic changes in the protein under certain conditions. RNAP engaged with [lamda]Q escapes a [sigma]-mediated promoter proximal pause and overcomes an intrinsic terminator downstream of the pR' promoter. In addition, [lamda]Q alters RNAP dynamics, aiding faster elongation, fewer pauses, and resistance to both the intrinsic and [rho]-dependent termination. Although [lamda]Q-mediated antitermination was characterized with previous works as described above, the mechanism by which [lamda]Q exerts antitermination is still unclear. In order to uncover this mechanism, this study attempted to answer the fundamental question of where [lamda]Q interacts with RNAP. First, the two largest subunits of RNAP were systematically dissected to map a [lamda]Q binding region on RNAP. The results suggested a clustered region of three fragments of [beta] and [beta]' for [lamda]Q binding, and as small as 82 amino acids ([beta]600-681) within this region were identified to bind to [lamda]Q. Second, a potential [lamda]Q binding region of RNAP proposed by a previous study was evaluated in this study. Although the region is located in the surface domain of [beta]600- 681, mutational analyses targeting the region demonstrated little [lamda]Q binding. Third, twelve RNAP mutants that reduce [lamda]Q-mediated antitermination were identified, and they suggested four spatial regions of RNAP as critical for [lamda]Q antitermination. Finally, one of the RNAP mutants, [beta]K1073G, presented altered function of NusA, a transcription elongation factor, in [lamda]Q-mediated antitermination at the intrinsic terminator, providing evidence of cooperation between NusA and [lamda]Q antitermination.
Download or read book Interaction of Escherichia Coli RNA Polymerase Holoenzyme Containing Sigma 32 with Promoters for Heat Shock Genes written by Deborah Walker Cowing and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Real time Characterization of Transcription Initiation Intermediates for E Coli RNA Polymerase Using Fast Footprinting and Equilibrium and Stopped flow Fluorescence written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pathway by which E. coli RNA polymerase (RNAP) forms initiation-capable open complexes at the bacteriophage lambda PR promoter involves at least two key intermediates (designated I1, I2). We used equilibrium and time-resolved footprinting and fluorescence assays to characterize these intermediates and to dissect the detailed mechanism of initiation at lambda PR. HO· snapshots show that I 1 forms rapidly (in 0.1 s); however, fast MnO4- footprinting at 19°C reveals no reactivity of any DNA bases in I1, indicating that promoter DNA in the cleft is still duplex. We report FRET-monitored equilibrium titrations at 2°C where I1 is the only promoter complex, and at 10, 19 and 37°C to compare FRET effects in open complexes at these temperatures. Both equilibrium FRET measurements on I1 at 2°C and the initial phase of real-time association kinetic experiments at 19°C exhibit large FRET effects, providing compelling evidence for bending and wrapping of upstream and downstream duplex promoter DNA on RNAP in the initial closed intermediate. Our results suggest that upstream wrapping occurs soon after formation of the HO·-detected I1 complex but before base-flipping of -11A and DNA opening in the cleft. We also monitored changes in stopped-flow fluorescence of the sigma70 subunit during transcription initiation at the lambda PR promoter using intrinsic and "beacon" probes. From comparisons of the two assays, we deduce that the two fluorescent exponential phases represent the decay-to-equilibrium formation of a late species of I1 in which the -11 A base is flipped out of the bent duplex; the slow phase represents the conversion of these closed species to open complexes. These results support the proposal that RNAP is a molecular isomerization machine that, after initial specific binding, first bends the DNA duplex toward the cleft to form a bent closed intermediate I1,B detected by fast HO· footprinting. Subsequent upstream bending and wrapping converts I1,B to I1,W. Next, base flipping converts I1,W to I1,F. I1,F is poised to open in the rate-determining step in the cleft to form the initial open intermediate I2. Finally, assembly of downstream mobile elements on the downstream DNA duplex form the more stable open complexes (I3, RPo), which are also wrapped.
Download or read book Bacteriophage T4 written by Christopher K. Mathews and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
