Download or read book The interaction between dietary fatty acids and inflammation on insulin sensitivity written by Jolene McMonagle and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Interaction Between Dietary Fatty Acids and Inflammation on Insulin Sensitivity written by Jolene McMonagle and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fat Detection written by Jean-Pierre Montmayeur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-09-14 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the State-of-the-Art in Fat Taste TransductionA bite of cheese, a few potato chips, a delectable piece of bacon - a small taste of high-fat foods often draws you back for more. But why are fatty foods so appealing? Why do we crave them? Fat Detection: Taste, Texture, and Post Ingestive Effects covers the many factors responsible for the se
Download or read book Military Strategies for Sustainment of Nutrition and Immune Function in the Field written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-13 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every aspect of immune function and host defense is dependent upon a proper supply and balance of nutrients. Severe malnutrition can cause significant alteration in immune response, but even subclinical deficits may be associated with an impaired immune response, and an increased risk of infection. Infectious diseases have accounted for more off-duty days during major wars than combat wounds or nonbattle injuries. Combined stressors may reduce the normal ability of soldiers to resist pathogens, increase their susceptibility to biological warfare agents, and reduce the effectiveness of vaccines intended to protect them. There is also a concern with the inappropriate use of dietary supplements. This book, one of a series, examines the impact of various types of stressors and the role of specific dietary nutrients in maintaining immune function of military personnel in the field. It reviews the impact of compromised nutrition status on immune function; the interaction of health, exercise, and stress (both physical and psychological) in immune function; and the role of nutritional supplements and newer biotechnology methods reported to enhance immune function. The first part of the book contains the committee's workshop summary and evaluation of ongoing research by Army scientists on immune status in special forces troops, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The rest of the book contains papers contributed by workshop speakers, grouped under such broad topics as an introduction to what is known about immune function, the assessment of immune function, the effect of nutrition, and the relation between the many and varied stresses encountered by military personnel and their effect on health.
Download or read book The Adipose Organ written by Saverio Cinti and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metabolic Syndrome Pathophysiology written by Undurti N. Das and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-02-23 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolic Syndrome Pathophysiology: The Role of Essential Fatty Acids provides current research exploring the links among insulin, insulin receptors, polyunsaturated fatty acids, brain growth and disease. Specific interactions of essential fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in brain development and several disease groups are described. The role of inflammation in disease and how fatty acids regulate low-systemic inflammation are examined and explained. Metabolic and neurologic dynamics are presented to provide a linkage between the presence of omega-3 and omega-6 and protection against diseases and conditions such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, autoimmune diseases and hypertension.
Download or read book Dietary Sugar Salt and Fat in Human Health written by Harry G. Preuss and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Divided into four main sections, Dietary Sugar, Salt and Fat in Human Health explores the biochemical, pharmacological and medicinal aspects related to the overindulgence of dietary salt, sugar, and fat, along with possible remedies. Beginning with a general overview, the text outlines aspects associated with advancing age and human physiology, such as different aspects of insulin resistance, the advancing age phenomenon, central fat accumulation and metabolic perturbations and the role of the modern Western diet and the influence of dietary sugar, salt, and fat, with particular focus on their relation to multiple biochemical pathophysiological pathways. The second section of the book focuses on the roles of dietary sugars and their correlation with the chronic disease epidemic, with an emphasis on carbohydrate metabolism and its biochemistry, GI absorption, the glycemic index and the influence of fructose. The historical background of dietary sugars is discussed alongside Atkin's hypothesis, and an overview of the correlation between dietary fibre and the glycemic index, including a chapter on sugar addiction. Section three contains an exhaustive review of the influence of dietary salt and its diverse mechanistic aspects, including salt-sensitive hypertension, contribution of two steroid receptor pathways, vascular NO, intrarenal RAAS system and angiotensin. The fourth section highlights the biochemistry of dietary saturated, polyunsaturated and trans fat and its influence on human health and various diseases, and further explores NAFLD and gender specific problems. Chapters in this section also investigate the benefits of the Mediterranean diet as well as myths related to cholesterol. Collected and carefully organized for researchers in nutrition, physiology, epidemiology, or sensory science, this book will also benefit general practitioners, surgeons, nurses, health professionals and practitioners, and students studying the role of diet in cardiometabolic disorders and disease. - Demonstrates how a healthy lifestyle impacts lifespan - Provides a general overview and outlines aspects associated with advancing age and human physiology - Focuses on the roles of dietary sugars and their correlation with the chronic disease epidemic - Contains an exhaustive review of the influence of dietary salt and its diverse mechanistic aspects - Highlights the biochemistry of dietary saturated, polyunsaturated and trans fat and its influence on human health and various diseases
Download or read book Obesity Diabetes and Inflammation written by Dimiter Avtanski and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-26 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic that affects half a billion people. It has been estimated that, if current trends continue, by 2050, 60% of men and 50% of women worldwide will be obese. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of white adipose tissue caused by overweight and obesity lead to a chronic inflammatory state, which results in impaired insulin sensitivity and the development of diabetes. Currently, the number of people affected by diabetes globally exceeds 400 million (rising more rapidly in low- and middle-income countries). In 2019, diabetes was the ninth leading cause of mortality, with an estimated 1.5 million direct deaths. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between inflammation, obesity, and diabetes. It focuses on the pathogenesis and biological mechanisms of obesity, the interaction between adipose tissue and the immune system, the role of genetic and environmental factors, the progression of cardiovascular complications, and the association of obesity and inflammation with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as well as gestational diabetes. This volume also includes practical recommendations for preventing and managing these conditions using both lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions. Written by experts in the field, Obesity, Diabetes and Inflammation: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Management addresses the role of inflammation in both obesity and diabetes, its effect on vascular and non-vascular pathologies, oxidative stress, genetics, and epigenetics. This text aims to be a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and students of medicine at all levels.
Download or read book Obesity Inflammation and Cancer written by Andrew J. Dannenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-21 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to its metabolic and endocrinologic effects, obesity and adipose tissue have now been shown to be associated with low grade inflammation resulting in cellular and humoral inflammatory factors of which the latter may act by endocrine, paracrine and autocrine mechanisms. These inflammatory mediators have increasingly been suggested as contributing to the obesity link to carcinogenesis and cancer promotion. This volume of Energy Balance and Cancer will focus on recent developments and cutting edge research pointing to inflammation and inflammatory factors as key mediators of this linkage. The volume first provides information on inflammation as an important link between obesity and insulin resistance, which is in itself linked to promotion of cancer through hyperinsulinemia. The volume then covers some of the most important mechanisms by which obesity leads to inflammation, including the novel inflammasome concept, alterations in chromatin structure, circulating inflammatory factors, unique cellular interactions between adipocytes and macrophages and the direct link of dietary fat to inflammation and cancer. Overall, this volume will provide important insight to help understand how inflammation may help modulate the linkage between obesity and cancer and serve as a platform for developing future research in this area.
Download or read book Fatty Acid and Lipotoxicity in Obesity and Diabetes written by Gregory R. Bock and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-03-11 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential lipotoxic effect of accumulation of fatty acids in non-adipose tissues is thought to be a major component in the development of insulin resistance. Chronic exposure to high concentrations of free fatty acids in the blood affects pancreatic β cell function, insulin secretion and lipid synthesis in the liver, and storage in adipose tissue. Maintaining the normal levels of fatty acids requires coordinated regulation between the liver, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. This book deals with the molecular aspects of fatty acid action in obesity and insulin resistance. The topics include lipid metabolism and adipose tissue biology, and β cell function and insulin resistance. Chapters deal with the molecular genetics and molecular physiology of energy homeostasis.
Download or read book Obesity and Lipotoxicity written by Ayse Basak Engin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-05 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the resultant health consequences and considerable increase in prevalence, obesity has become a major worldwide health problem. “Obesity and Lipotoxicity” is a comprehensive review of the recent researches to provide a better understanding of the lipotoxicity-related mechanisms of obesity and the potential for the development of new treatment strategies. This book overviews the biochemical pathways leading to obesity-related metabolic disorders that occur subsequent to lipotoxicity. Chapters examine the deleterious effects of nutrient excess at molecular level including the cellular and molecular aspects of breast cancer, resistance to leptin, insulin, adiponectin, and interconnection between the circadian clock and metabolic pathways during high-fat feeding. “Lipotoxicity and Obesity” will be a useful resource for clinicians and basic science researchers, such as biochemists, toxicologists, immunologists, nutritionists, adult and pediatric endocrinologists, cardiologists, as well as students who are thought in this field.
Download or read book Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease written by Todd Leff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-03-19 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely and most comprehensive reference available on the topic covers all the different aspects vital in the fight against the global obesity epidemic. Following a look at adipose tissue development and morphology, the authors go on to examine its metabolic and endocrine functions and its role in disease. The final section deals with comparative and evolutionary aspects of the tissue. The result is an essential resource for cell and molecular biologists, physiologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, and those working in the pharmaceutical industry.
Download or read book Fatty Acid and NOD1 mediated Macrophage Polarization written by Kenny Lop-Gee Chan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insulin resistance is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of obesity-linked type 2 diabetes (T2D). Over the last 15 years, T2D has become increasingly recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease, with immune cells, most notably macrophages, representing an important link between lipid intake and insulin resistance. During high fat diets (HFD), macrophages infiltrate tissues that regulate glucose metabolism, including adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle. Concomitantly, HFD disrupts the intestinal barrier, permitting translocation of gut bacterial compounds into circulation. It has been hypothesized that these compounds, along with certain lipids, activate macrophages to a pro-inflammatory polarized phenotype, resulting in production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that directly interfere with insulin signalling in parenchymal cells of metabolism-defining tissues. However, the identity of the lipids and gut-derived factors that influence macrophage polarization, along with the underlying mechanisms, remain to be elucidated. In contrast to saturated fats, consumption of certain unsaturated fatty acids has beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis. Using isolated bone marrow-derived macrophages cultured ex vivo, we find that the monounsaturated fatty acid cis-palmitoleate promotes anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization. Specifically, cis-palmitoleate counteracts pro-inflammatory polarization induced by long-term HFD in vivo or by acute exposure to the saturated fatty acid palmitate in vitro. Further, we show that these anti-inflammatory effects are partially mediated by AMPK. When characterizing other diet-linked factors with immunoregulatory activity, we identify that activators of NOD1, a receptor for bacterial peptidoglycan, increase in circulation of HFD-fed mice. Moreover depleting NOD1 specifically in hematopoietic cells limits pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization within adipose tissue, and simultaneously improves whole-body insulin responsiveness without affecting body weight or adiposity. Collectively, our findings highlight that specific fatty acids and innate immune receptors have critical involvement in macrophage polarization under obesogenic conditions. These results suggest that cell-targeted anti-inflammatory strategies may have therapeutic promise in the alleviation of insulin resistance preceding T2D.
Download or read book Immunonutrition written by Bharat B. Aggarwal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-03-17 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction of immune function and nutrition underlies the low-grade chronic inflammation involved in the etiology of many common obesity-associated and age-related chronic disease conditions. This close interaction is the genesis of the term immunonutrition, which represents a new interdisciplinary field of nutritional and medical research. Immunonutrition: Interactions of Diet, Genetics, and Inflammation introduces the breadth of this field, which implicates nutrition in both immune function and in the etiology, prevention, and treatment of common diseases influenced by inflammation and immune imbalance, including obesity, diabetes, heart disease, asthma, autoimmune diseases, and common forms of cancer. The book begins by reviewing the basic mechanisms of immunity and cellular mechanisms of cytokine activation. It discusses the effects of dietary fat intake and changes in Western diet and lifestyle linked to inflammation. It also describes the interaction of genetics and environment in the modulation of immune function and inflammation, and addresses exercise and skeletal muscle as an endocrine and immune organ. The book reviews the entire spectrum of inflammation and cancer from causation to its role in tumor therapy. It examines abdominal obesity and metabolic diseases, interactions between nutrition and autoimmunity in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammation associated with type 2 diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and asthma. Considering potential nutrition-based treatments, the book explores approaches for reducing abdominal obesity, anti-inflammatory effects of phytochemicals, practical strategies for increasing fruit and vegetable intake, and anti-inflammatory properties of spice phytonutrients. In addition, it explores how uninformed food choices related to fats and oils create a balance of tissue-selective signals that produce harmful health outcomes and how to restore a healthy balance.
Download or read book The Effect of Dietary Fatty Acids Upon the Development of Obesity and Insulin Resistance written by Christopher Edward Donnellan and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Angiogenesis in Adipose Tissue written by Yihai Cao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-05 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Angiogenesis has recently played a critical role in regulation of adipose tissue expansion and regression. Like most other tissues in the body, adipose expansion and regression is accompanied by alteration of blood vessel density and structures. The vascular alteration plays an active role in regulation of adipose tissue size and functions. Targeting blood vessels in the adipose tissue have demonstrated to be a novel approach for possibly treatment of cancer, obesity and other metabolic diseases. This book provides the most updated information on this type research and discusses future opportunities for therapy..
Download or read book Effect of Varying the Fatty Acid Composition of a Carbohydrate restricted Diet on Plasma Fatty Acid Composition Blood Lipids Oxidative Stress Inflammation and Insulin Sensitivity in Men written by Cassandra E. Forsythe-Pribanic and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
