Download or read book The Influence of Outcome Expectancy on Optimisim Pessimism Anxiety and Self confidence in Collegiate Football Players written by Tiffany D. Watson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author's abstract: Expectations are instrumental in predicting performance quality (Solomon, 2002). According to the expectancy theory, what is expected to happen often does (Chase & Lirgg, 1997). Often, the underdog, or unexpected winner, will defeat the more likely winner creating questions as to the validity of the expectancy theory. Psychological variables related to expectations may contribute to the ability of the underdog to succeed in unexpected situations. Optimism refers to a positive expectation or perception of the future, and pessimism refers to a negative expectation or perception (Scheier & Carver, 1993). Anxiety, though often given a negative connotation, has shown facilitative effects on performance (Mellalieu, Hanton, & Jones, 2003). Whether anxiety is facilitative or debilitative to performance is based on the interpretation of anxiety, also termed direction. Individual levels of optimism and pessimism alter the interpretation of anxiety, with optimists experiencing less debilitative effects of anxiety (Wilson, Raglin, & Pritchard, 2002). Self-confidence is one of the strongest predictors of performance (Hardy, 1996; Jones, 1995). Self-confidence is related to optimism and pessimism by definition, as it refers to the belief or expectations about the ability to succeed in a future performance (Krane & Williams, 1992). Not only is self-confidence related to performance and the constructs of optimism and pessimism, but it also mediates anxiety interpretation (Jones & Hanton, 2001; Swain & Jones, 1996). The purpose of the present study was to determine whether differences in psychological variables such as optimism, pessimism, anxiety and self-confidence contribute to the success of the underdog in a competitive environment. In the current study, 15 male, Division I-AA collegiate football players from a southeastern university were tested over a three game trial period. Game conditions or outcome expectancies were determined by participant ratings on a 5-point Likert scale question. Response options ranged from strong underdog to strong favorite. Participant predictions defined one underdog (U), one favorite (F), and one evenly matched (E) condition. Participants were administered the instruments 2 days prior to each of the 3 competitions. State optimism and pessimism levels were assessed with the Optimism/Pessimism Scale (OPS; Dember, Martin, Hummer, Howe, & Melton, 1989). Trait anxiety levels were established with the Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT; Martens, Vealey, & Burton, 1990). Finally, the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2; Martens, Burton, Vealey, Bump, & Smith, 1990) was administered to assess state cognitive and state somatic anxiety as well as state self-confidence. Directional scales were added to the SCAT and the CSAI-2 to determine participants' interpretation of anxiety symptoms (Jones & Swain, 1992). Using ANOVA analysis, significant differences across game conditions were found for OPS-pessimism scores as well as state somatic anxiety scores. Consistent significant Pearson Correlations across all 3 weeks included: OPS-optimism and self-confidence directional scores (r = .762, .760, .655), self-confidence total and self-confidence directional scores (r = .659, .852, .871), state somatic anxiety directional and state cognitive anxiety directional scores (r = .793, .875,780). Support for the expectancy theory was found in the present study. Thus, modification of expectations, more specifically altering pessimistic expectations may lead to higher performance quality. In addition, maintaining high levels of self-confidence may regulate the debilitative effects of anxiety and also contribute to more optimistic expectations.
Download or read book The Effects of Self confidence Anxiety and Past Performance on Performance Outcome in Track and Field Athletes written by Douglas M. Hedrick and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Collegiate Football Players and Their Perceptions of Self worth written by Kevin McGiven and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Self efficacy on the Performance of Collegiate Football Athletes written by Stephen R. McKane and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Findings showed consistently high weekly self-efficacy scores by the players, regardless of the game outcome week by week. This strongly suggests that the preparation they received from the coaching staff was consistent week to week, therefore players maintained high levels of self-efficacy as a result.
Download or read book Salivary Hormonal Levels Anxiety and Self confidence Indices in Collegiate Football and Basketball Players Over a Season of Play written by Amelie Bartolino and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effect of an Injury on Worry Anxiety and Performance in College Football Players written by Michael Allen Mannausau and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Music on the Intensity and Direction of Pre competitive Cognitive and Somatic State Anxiety and State Self confidence in Collegiate Athletes written by Jeffrey J. Lanzillo and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sport and Exercise Psychology written by Aidan P. Moran and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This textbook combines an explanation of the theoretical foundations of sport psychology, critical reviews of contemporary research and practical suggestions for relevant independent research projects.
Download or read book U Thrive written by Dan Lerner and published by Little, Brown Spark. This book was released on 2017-04-18 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the professors who teach NYU's most popular elective class, "Science of Happiness," a fun, comprehensive guide to surviving and thriving in college and beyond. Every year, almost 4,000,000 students begin their freshman year at colleges and universities nationwide. Most of them will sleep less and stress out a whole lot more. By the end of the year, 30% of those freshmen will have dropped out. For many, the unforeseen demands of college life are so overwhelming that "the best four years of your life" can start to feel like the worst. Enter Daniel Lerner and Dr. Alan Schlechter, ready to teach students how to not only survive college, but flourish in it. Filled with fascinating science, real-life stories, and tips for building positive lifelong habits, U Thrive addresses the opportunities and challenges every undergrad will face -- from finding a passion to dealing with nightmarish roommates and surviving finals week. Engaging and hilarious, U Thrive will help students grow into the happy, successful alums they all deserve to be.
Download or read book Perspectives On Loss written by John H. Harvey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Losses are integral to the human experience, but they sometimes unfold in subtle ways. Loss is not just about death, but can encompass a number of situations, such as those gradual losses experienced by the elderly: loss of vision, mental capacity, or hope. Intended to stimulate ideas and research in the new area of psychological aspects of loss, this sourcebook collects the writing of a set of distinguished scholars representing psychology and related fields. The author presents a case for a broadly-construed field of loss-both personal and interpersonal-that would complement other fields such as death and dying, traumatology, and stress and coping. No other volume is as comprehensive in its treatment of this intriguing subject. The book begins with an introduction to the concept of loss and discusses the definition of the term and the salience of the topic in the general public in the 1990s. Contributors were chosen to represent some of the most interesting current work on different types of loss and adaptation in the whole of the social and behavioral sciences. Contents cover such diverse subjects as loss in intimate relationships, disability, chronic illness, genocide, sports, unemployment, and homelessness. The book concludes with a commentary section on loss theory and research.
Download or read book Looseleaf for Applied Sport Psychology Personal Growth to Peak Performance written by Vikki Krane and published by McGraw-Hill Education. This book was released on 2014-04-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Sport Psychology was written to introduce readers to psychological theories and techniques that can be used to enhance performance and personal growth of sport participants from youth to elite levels. The four-part organization covers learning, motivation, and social interaction; mental training for performance enhancement; implementing training programs; and enhancing health and well-being. This edition reflects the latest research, practice, and anecdotal examples in applied sport psychology. Applied Sport Psychology is particularly well suited as a text for classes in applied sport psychology and psychology of coaching. The book is also a valuable reference for practicing coaches, sport psychologists, and psychologists. Instructors and students can now access their course content through the Connect digital learning platform by purchasing either standalone Connect access or a bundle of print and Connect access. McGraw-Hill Connect® is a subscription-based learning service accessible online through your personal computer or tablet. Choose this option if your instructor will require Connect to be used in the course. Your subscription to Connect includes the following: • SmartBook® - an adaptive digital version of the course textbook that personalizes your reading experience based on how well you are learning the content. • Access to your instructor’s homework assignments, quizzes, syllabus, notes, reminders, and other important files for the course. • Progress dashboards that quickly show how you are performing on your assignments and tips for improvement. • The option to purchase (for a small fee) a print version of the book. This binder-ready, loose-leaf version includes free shipping. Complete system requirements to use Connect can be found here: http://www.mheducation.com/highered/platforms/connect/training-support-students.html
Download or read book Economics Of Intercollegiate Sports The Second Edition written by John C Leadley and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-10-21 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do universities place so much emphasis on athletics? Are the salaries of head coaches excessive? Should student-athletes be paid? Why is there so much cheating in college sports? Should athletic departments be subsidized by the university? Does Title IX unfairly discriminate against men's sports? This textbook is designed to help teach students about the business of college sports, particularly the big-money sports of football and basketball, allowing them to answer these and other important questions. The book provides undergraduate students with the information and economic tools to analyze the behavior of the NCAA, athletic conferences, and individual colleges and universities in the market for college sports. Specific topics include the markets for athletes and coaches, the importance of athletics for colleges and universities, the finances of athletic departments, the influence of the media in commercializing college sports, issues of race and gender, and the possibilities for reforming college sports.
Download or read book Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement written by Keith A. Kaufman and published by American Psychological Association (APA). This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive resource on the history, theory, and practice of mindfulness in sport. The authors present their empirically-supported, six-session mindfulness program adapted for specific athletic populations.
Download or read book Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science written by Britton W. Brewer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-01-26 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume in the Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science series presents a concise summary of the science and practice of psychology in the context of sport. Psychological aspects central to sport performance such as motivation, cognition, stress, confidence, and mental preparation are examined and interventions designed to enhance individual and team performance are reviewed. Reflecting the breadth of the field, issues such as sport injury prevention and rehabilitation, athlete psychopathology, child and adolescent development, sport career termination, and the practice of sport psychology are also addressed. Published under the auspices of the Medical Commission of the International Olympic Committee, Sport Psychology shows howthe performance and the overall well-being of athletes can be improved by highlighting research findings and their practical application. With contributions from internationally renowned experts and useful case studies in each chapter, this handbook is an essential resource for medical doctors who serve athletes and sports teams and an invaluable reference for all students of sport psychology.
Download or read book Advances in Applied Sport Psychology written by Stephen Mellalieu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-12-10 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Applied Sport Psychology aims to bridge the gap between research and practice in contemporary sport psychology. Now available in paperback, the book draws together reviews of cutting edge research in key areas of applied sport psychology, assesses the implications of this research for current practice, and explores future avenues of research within each thematic area. This book surveys the scientific literature underpinning the most important skills and techniques employed in contemporary sport psychology, examining key topics such as: imagery goal setting self-talk stress management team building efficacy management attention control emotion regulation mental toughness. Representing the most up-to-date review of current scientific research, theory and practice in sport psychology, this book is a vital resource for all advanced students, researchers and practitioners working with athletes and sports performers.
Download or read book Psychological Bases of Sport Injuries written by David Pargman and published by Fitness Information Technology. This book was released on 2007 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts in their field, the contributors offer their valuable insights into the complex intersection of sport psychology and injury, citing current research as well as real-life experience. New and updated chapters address an array of important topics and are grouped into relevant sections: Preventing athletic injury; Rehabilitating the injured athlete; counselling the injured athlete; Issues for coaches; and Special considerations and case studies.
Download or read book The Death of Expertise written by Tom Nichols and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In the early 1990s, a small group of "AIDS denialists," including a University of California professor named Peter Duesberg, argued against virtually the entire medical establishment's consensus that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was the cause of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Science thrives on such counterintuitive challenges, but there was no evidence for Duesberg's beliefs, which turned out to be baseless. Once researchers found HIV, doctors and public health officials were able to save countless lives through measures aimed at preventing its transmission"--
