Download or read book The Influence of Mid ocean Ridges on Euphausiid and Pelagic Ecology written by Tom Bech Letessier and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Mid ocean Ridges on Euphausiid and Pelagic Ecology written by Tom Bech Letessier and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1 & 2. Euphausiids comprise a major component of ecosystems in the pelagic realm, the world's largest habitat, but basin scale drivers of euphausiids diversity and abundance are poorly understood. Mid-Ocean Ridges are the largest topographical feature in the pelagic realm and their benthic and pelagic fauna have only just recently become the focus of research. This thesis present new analyses on the drivers of euphausiids species richness in the Atlantic and the Pacific, giving specific attention to the influence of Mid- Ocean Ridges. New information is given on the biogeography of euphausiids and pelagic food-web trophology of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and on the biogeography of pelagic decapods on the South-West Indian Ocean ridge. 3. A Generalized Additive Model framework was used to explore spatial patterns of variability in euphausiid species richness (from recognized areas of occurrence) and in numerical abundance (from the Continuous Plankton Recorder survey) in conjunction with variability in a suite of biological, physical and environmental parameters on, and at either side of, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Euphausiid species richness peaked in midlatitudes and was significantly higher on the ridge than in adjacent waters, but the ridge did not influence numerical abundance in the top 10 m significantly. Sea surface temperature (SST) was the most important single factor influencing both euphausiid numerical abundance (-76.7%) and species richness (34.44%). Dissolved silicate concentration, a proxy for diatom abundance, significantly increased species richness (29.46%). Increases in sea surface height variance, a proxy for mixing, increased the numerical abundance of euphausiids. GAM predictions of variability in species richness as a function of SST and depth of the mixed layer were consistent with present theories, which suggest that pelagic niche-availability is related to the thermal structure of the near surface water. 4. Using a Generalized Additive Model in the Pacific, the main drivers of species richness, in order of decreasing importance, were found to be sea surface temperature (explaining 29.53% in species variability), salinity (20.29%), longitude (-15.01%, species richness decreased from West to East), distance to coast (10.99%), and dissolved silicate concentration (9.03%). An additional linear model poorly predicted numerical abundance. The practical differences in drivers of species richness in the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean were compared. Predictions of future species richness changes in the Pacific and Atlantic were made using projected environmental change from the IPCC A1B climate scenario, suggesting an increase in species richness in temperature latitudes (30° to 60° N and S) and little to no change in low latitudes (20° N to 20° S). 5. New baseline information is presented on biogeography, abundance and vertical distribution of euphausiids along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (40° to 62° N). 18 species were recorded, with Euphausia krohni and Thysanoessa longicaudata being most abundant. Eight species had not been recorded in the area previously. The Subpolar Front is a northern boundary to some southern species, but not a southern boundary to northern ubiquitous species that show submergence. Four major species assemblages were identified and characterised in terms of spatial distribution and species composition. Numerical abundance was highly variable but decreased by orders of magnitude with depth. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge showed only a marginal effect on euphausiid distribution and abundance patterns. 6. Zooplankton and micronektic invertebrate epi- and mesopelagic (0-200 and 200- 800m) vertical distribution (e.g. Euphausiacea, Decapoda, Amphipoda, Thecosomata, Lophogastrida) on either side of the Subpolar Front of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is described. Dietary relationships are explored, using stable isotope ratios and fatty acid trophic marker (FATM) composition. An increase in trophic level with size was observed. Individuals from southern stations were higher in dinoflagellate Fatty Acid Trophic Markers (FATM) (22:6(n-3)) and individuals from northern stations were higher in Calanus spp and storage FATMs (20:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-9)) reflecting primary production patterns in the two survey sectors. Observations on the geographical and vertical variability in trophodynamics are discussed. 7. New baseline information is presented on the biogeography, abundance, and vertical distribution of mesopelagic (200-1000 m), crustacean micronekton on- and offseamounts of the South-West Indian Ocean Ridge (26° to 42° S). Species richness and numerical abundance were typically higher near seamounts and lower over the abyssal plains, with several species being caught uniquely on seamounts. Observations suggest that the 'oasis effect' of seamounts conventionally associated with higher trophic levels is also applicable to pelagic micronektic crustaceans at lower trophic levels. Biophysical coupling of micronekton to seamounts may be an important factor controlling benthopelagic coupling in seamount food-webs. 8. Euphausiid and pelagic diversity is driven primarily by geographical variability in temperature, by longitudinal patterns in upwellings, and by variability in nutrient concentration. Mid-Ocean Ridges modify pelagic ecology, by raising the seafloor and by bringing in proximity true pelagic and bathypelagic predators associated with the seabed. The increase in specialized fauna and biomass associated with ridges and seamounts serves to deplete zooplankton in the near bottom layer (0-200 m) and affect systems in and above the benthic boundary layer (
Download or read book Deep Pelagic Ecosystem Dynamics in a Highly Impacted Water Column The Gulf of Mexico After Deepwater Horizon written by Tracey T. Sutton and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-05-03 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mid Ocean Ridges written by Johnson Robin Cann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-07-22 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers the most important problems that arise at mid-ocean ridges; for researchers working in the earth sciences.
Download or read book Ecological Investigations of Euphausiids at High Latitudes written by Ryan Alexander Saunders and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metasomatic Alteration of Pelagic Ooze on Spreading Ocean Ridges written by Alexander John Easton and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Pelagic Ecology of Seamounts of the South West Indian Ocean written by Alex Rogers and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Treatise on Geochemistry written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-10-19 with total page 14787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!
Download or read book Deep sea Biodiversity written by Michael A. Rex and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rex and Etter present the first synthesis of patterns and causes of biodiversity in organisms that dwell in the vast sediment ecosystem of ocean floor. They offer a new understanding of marine biodiversity that will be of general interest to ecologists and is crucial to responsible exploitation of natural resources at the deep-sea floor.
Download or read book Arctic Ecology written by David N. Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-01-26 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arctic is often portrayed as being isolated, but the reality is that the connectivity with the rest of the planet is huge, be it through weather patterns, global ocean circulation, and large-scale migration patterns to name but a few. There is a huge amount of public interest in the ‘changing Arctic’, especially in terms of the rapid changes taking place in ecosystems and exploitation of resources. There can be no doubt that the Arctic is at the forefront of the international environmental science agenda, both from a scientific aspect, and also from a policy/environmental management perspective. This book aims to stimulate a wide audience to think about the Arctic by highlighting the remarkable breadth of what it means to study its ecology. Arctic Ecology seeks to systematically introduce the diverse array of ecologies within the Arctic region. As the Arctic rapidly changes, understanding the fundamental ecology underpinning the Arctic is paramount to understanding the consequences of what such change will inevitably bring about. Arctic Ecology is designed to provide graduate students of environmental science, ecology and climate change with a source where Arctic ecology is addressed specifically, with issues due to climate change clearly discussed. It will also be of use to policy-makers, researchers and international agencies who are focusing on ecological issues and effects of global climate change in the Arctic. About the Editor David N. Thomas is Professor of Arctic Ecosystem Research in the Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki. Previously he spent 24 years in the School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Wales. He studies marine systems, with a particular emphasis on sea ice and land-coast interactions in the Arctic and Southern Oceans as well as the Baltic Sea. He also edited a related book: Sea Ice, 3rd Edition (2017), which is also published by Wiley-Blackwell.
Download or read book Oceanic Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997-10 with total page 1070 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Ecology of Deep sea Hydrothermal Vents written by Cindy Van Dover and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-26 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teeming with weird and wonderful life--giant clams and mussels, tubeworms, "eyeless" shrimp, and bacteria that survive on sulfur--deep-sea hot-water springs are found along rifts where sea-floor spreading occurs. The theory of plate tectonics predicted the existence of these hydrothermal vents, but they were discovered only in 1977. Since then the sites have attracted teams of scientists seeking to understand how life can thrive in what would seem to be intolerable or extreme conditions of temperature and fluid chemistry. Some suspect that these vents even hold the key to understanding the very origins of life. Here a leading expert provides the first authoritative and comprehensive account of this research in a book intended for students, professionals, and general readers. Cindy Lee Van Dover, an ecologist, brings nearly two decades of experience and a lively writing style to the text, which is further enhanced by two hundred illustrations, including photographs of vent communities taken in situ. The book begins by explaining what is known about hydrothermal systems in terms of their deep-sea environment and their geological and chemical makeup. The coverage of microbial ecology includes a chapter on symbiosis. Symbiotic relationships are further developed in a section on physiological ecology, which includes discussions of adaptations to sulfide, thermal tolerances, and sensory adaptations. Separate chapters are devoted to trophic relationships and reproductive ecology. A chapter on community dynamics reveals what has been learned about the ways in which vent communities become established and why they persist, while a chapter on evolution and biogeography examines patterns of species diversity and evolutionary relationships within chemosynthetic ecosystems. Cognate communities such as seeps and whale skeletons come under scrutiny for their ability to support microbial and invertebrate communities that are ecologically and evolutionarily related to hydrothermal faunas. The book concludes by exploring the possibility that life originated at hydrothermal vents, a hypothesis that has had tremendous impact on our ideas about the potential for life on other planets or planetary bodies in our solar system.
Download or read book Zooplankton and Nekton Gatekeepers of the Biological Pump written by Rainer Kiko and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-09-14 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book The Status of Natural Resources on the High seas written by Southampton Oceanography Centre and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2001 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Depths of the Ocean written by Sir John Murray and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecological Geography of the Sea written by Alan R. Longhurst and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-08-03 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an in-depth discussion of the biological and ecological geography of the oceans. It synthesizes locally restricted studies of the ocean to generate a global geography of the vast marine world.Based on patterns of algal ecology, the book divides the ocean into four primary compartments, which are then subdivided into secondary compartments. *Includes color insert of the latest in satellite imagery showing the world's oceans, their similarities and differences*Revised and updated to reflect the latest in oceanographic research*Ideal for anyone interested in understanding ocean ecology -- accessible and informative
Download or read book Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico Vol 1 written by John McEachran and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 1121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the fish fauna of the Gulf of Mexico. Keys and descriptions are provided for the families and for the species.
