Download or read book The Influence of Climate Variability on Records of Holocene Slip Rate written by Emery Orion Anderson-Merritt and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Slip rates on the Mojave San Andreas fault (MSAF) are not well understood, but are useful for evaluating seismic hazard and for understanding how regional fault systems develop and interact. Here I calculate a minimum slip rate at the Pearblossom site of 17 mm/yr and a maximum slip rate of 76 mm/yr by reconstructing a beheaded channel that has been offset by 34 ± 2 to 81 ± 2 m since between 1.44 ± 0.43 ka and 1.27 ± 0.18 ka, as determined by feldspar infrared stimulated luminescence dating. A pulse of aggradation at ~0.6 ka both upstream and downstream of the fault at Pearblossom suggests that in addition to fault slip, climate has influenced deposition at the site. Comparison of charcoal ages from slip rate sites, paleoseismic sites, and lake records with records of Southern California climate from sedimentological features of lake cores indicates that changes in precipitation drive sediment deposition and channel incision events on the MSAF. This relationship has two important implications for slip rate studies. First, markers of offset may not form during dry periods. Second, pulses of aggradation during wet periods may complicate site reconstructions and produce offsets that appear to be caused by fault slip but are instead caused by incision or deposition in a deflected configuration. Channel deflection morphology and upstream channel position can provide an indication of whether a site is likely to record useful information about fault slip. A deflected channel that is narrow relative to the width of its deflection is likely to have incised in a deflected configuration. For a right-lateral fault, a deflected channel incised on the left side of an alluvial fan gives a minimum offset measurement, while a deflected channel incised on the right side gives a maximum offset measurement.

Download or read book Climate Changes during the Holocene and their Impact on Hydrological Systems written by Arie S. Issar and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-05 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a comprehensive review of the effects of climate variability on hydrological and human systems in the Holocene (last 10, 000 years), with a view to predicting similar effects in the future. It will be of value to researchers and professionals in hydrology, climatology, geology and historical geography.

Download or read book Global Change in the Holocene written by John Birks and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-24 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Holocene spans the 11,500 years since the end of the last Ice Age and has been a period of major global environmental change. However the rate of change has accelerated during the last hundred years, due largely to human impacts and this has led to a growing concern for the future of our environmental resources. Global Change in the Holocene demonstrates how reconstructing the record of past environmental change can provide us with essential knowledge about how our environment works and presents the reader with an informed viewpoint from which to project realistic future scenarios. The book brings together key techniques that are widely used in Holocene research, such as radiocarbon dating, dendrochronology and sediment analysis and offers a comprehensive analysis of various archives of environmental change including instrumental and documentary records, corals, lake sediments, glaciers and ice cores. This reference will be an informative and cutting-edge resource for all researchers in the fields of climate change, environmental science, geography, palaeoecology and archaeology.

Download or read book Climate Changes in the Holocene written by Eustathios Chiotis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights climate as a complex physical, chemical, biological, and geological system, in perpetual change, under astronomical, predominantly, solar control. It has been shaped to some degree through the past glaciation cycles repeated in the last three million years. The Holocene, the current interglacial epoch which started ca. 11,700 years ago, marks the transition from the Stone Age to the unprecedented cultural evolution of our civilization. Significant climate changes have been recorded in natural archives during the Holocene, including the rapid waning of ice sheets, millennial shifting of the monsoonal fringe in the northern hemisphere, and abrupt centennial events. A typical case of severe environmental change is the greening of Sahara in the Early Holocene and the gradual desertification again since the fifth millennium before present. Climate Changes in the Holocene: Impact, Adaptation, and Resilience investigates the impact of natural climate changes on humans and civilization through case studies from various places, periods, and climates. Earth and human society are approached as a complex system, thereby emphasizing the necessity to improve adaptive capacity in view of the anthropogenic global warming and ecosystem degradation. Features: Written by distinguished experts, the book presents the fundamentals of the climate system, the unparalleled progress achieved in the last decade in the fields of intensified research for improved understanding of the carbon cycle, climate components, and their interaction. Presents the application of paleoclimatology and modeling in climate reconstruction. Examines the new era of satellite-based climate monitoring and the prospects of reduced carbon dioxide emissions.

Download or read book Climate Changes During the Holocene and Their Impact on Hydrological Systems written by Arie S. Issar and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now widely accepted that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are causing higher global atmospheric temperatures. However, there is still a great deal of uncertainty about the likely effects of such a temperature rise on climate, and even more about the impacts of climate change and variability on the world's hydrological regimes and socio-economic systems. Studying the effects of climate variability in the past can give clues as to possible future effects. This volume provides a comprehensive review of the effects of climate variability on hydrological and human systems in the Holocene (the last 10,000 years), in various parts of the world. The book concentrates on the regions bordering the Mediterranean Sea, western and central Europe, China, Japan, West and South Africa and the southwestern USA. This book will be of value to researchers and professionals in hydrology, climatology, geology and historical geography.

Download or read book Climate Changes during the Holocene and their Impact on Hydrological Systems written by Arie S. Issar and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-06-19 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now widely accepted that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are causing higher global temperatures. This volume provides a comprehensive review of the effects of climate variability on hydrological and human systems in the Holocene (the last 10,000 years). The book concentrates on the regions bordering the Mediterranean Sea, western and central Europe, China, Japan, West and South Africa and southwestern U.S.A. It is intended for researchers and professionals in hydrology, climatology, geology and historical geography.

Download or read book Holocene climate variability in Antarctica based on 11 ice core isotopic records written by V. MASSON and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Holocene Climate Variability written by E. Jansen and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 2004 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an update of results on the record of past ocean variability since the end of the ice age. This work gives an overview of many aspects of natural climate variability and give both scholars and students a means of keeping up to date on recent developments in the field.

Download or read book Mountain Lake Sedimentary Biomarker Records as Indicators of Holocene Climate Variability written by Julie Anne Scott and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Late Holocene Climate Controls on Carbon Dynamics at Teringi Bog Estonia written by Kristyn Hill and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines records of past climate variability and the controls affecting carbon accumulation rates at Teringi Bog, Estonia (57°58'31.26", 25°33'34.80"E). Analyses of [delta]13C, [delta] 2H, [delta]18O, and d-excess from Sphagnum fuscum moss cellulose, [delta]13C and [delta]15N from bulk peat, and [delta]18O and [delta]2H from surface waters indicate that carbon accumulation rates are influenced by changes the overall amount of precipitation and its seasonality throughout the Late Holocene. Changes in the depth to the water table were recorded from August, 2014, to May, 2016, and it was observed that the hydrologic balance is principally driven by fall, winter and spring precipitation. The summer hydrologic budget is affected by regional draining. Bulk peat isotopes indicate that high carbon accumulation rates correspond to high [delta]13C and [delta]15N values signifying periods of overall increased wetness. Low [delta]18Ocellulose values indicate periods of increased relative winter/summer precipitation and also correspond to periods of high carbon accumulation rates. D-excess has been utilized in few peat-based paleoclimate studies, but shows potential to be an indicator of precipitation source. Periods of high d-excess and low [delta]18O values (from 4200 to 3800 cal yr BP and from 2500 to 2200 cal yr BP) indicate times of greater relative winter to summer precipitation, but conditions at the source can also be inferred. The interval beginning at 4200 cal yr BP show low [delta]2H values, and the interval beginning at 2500 cal yr BP shows high [delta]2H values indicating that the source vapor originated under cooler and more arid conditions. Comparisons of this study with NAO reconstructions show a relationship between periods of increased [delta]13C and positive phases of the NAO, but studies from nearby lakes show that the NAO has had variable effects on the region during the Late Holocene. The results of this study show that periods of increased wetness and increased winter precipitation are related to increased carbon accumulation rates, and that those periods correspond to positive phases of the NAO.

Download or read book A Diatom Record of Late Holocene Climate Variability in the Northern Rocky Mountains written by Brandi Bobette Bracht and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Climate Change and Human Impact on the Landscape written by F. M. Chambers and published by Springer. This book was released on 1994-07-28 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part 1. Precision and Accuracy in Studies of Climatic Change and Human Impact -- 1: Precision, concepts, controversies: Alan Smith's contributions to vegetational history and palaeoecology -- 2: Forward to the past: changing approaches to Quaternary palaeoecology -- 3: Radiocarbon dating and the palynologist: a realistic approach to precision and accuracy -- 4: Great oaks from little acorns ... : precision and accuracy in Irish dendrochronology Part 2. Climatic Change on the Landscape -- 5: Peat bogs as sources of proxy climatic data: past approaches and future research -- 6: Forest response to Holocene climatic change: equilibrium or non-equilibnum -- 7: Isolating the climatic factors in early- and mid-Holocene palaeobotanical records from Scotland -- 8: Radiocarbon dating of arctic-alpine palaeosols and the reconstruction of Holocene palaeoenvironmental change. Part 3. Evidence for Human Impact -- 9: Earliest palynological records of human impact on the world's vegetation -- 10: Vegetation change during the Mesolithic in the British Isles: some amplifications -- 11: The development of high moorland on Dartmoor: fire and the influence of Mesolithic activity on vegetation change -- 12: Models of mid-Holocene forest farming for north-west Europe -- 13: The influence of human communities on the English chalklands from the Mesolithic to the Iron Age: the molluscan evidence -- 14: Mesolithic, early Neolithic, and later prehistoric impacts on vegetation at a riverine site in Derbyshire, England -- 15: Holocene (Flandrian) vegetation change and human activity in the Carneddau area of upland mid-Wales -- 16: Early land use and vegetation history at Derryinver Hill, Renvyle Peninsula, Co. Calway, Ireland. Part 4. Climatic Change and Human Impact: Relationship and Interaction --17: Rapid early-Holocene migration and high abundance of hazel (Corylus avellana L.): alternative hypotheses -- 18: The origin of blanket mire, revisited -- 19: Climatic change and human impact during the late Holocene in northern Britain -- 20: Palaeoecology of floating bogs and landscape change in the Great Lakes drainage basin of North America -- 21: Late Quaternary climatic change and human impact: commentary and conclusions.

Download or read book Aeolian Records of Holocene Climate Change in the Central Great Plains written by Xiaodong Miao and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Climate Change and Cultural Dynamics written by David G. Anderson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Middle Holocene epoch (8,000 to 3,000 years ago) was a time of dramatic changes in the physical world and in human cultures. Across this span, climatic conditions changed rapidly, with cooling in the high to mid-latitudes and drying in the tropics. In many parts of the world, human groups became more complex, with early horticultural systems replaced by intensive agriculture and small-scale societies being replaced by larger, more hierarchial organizations. Climate Change and Cultural Dynamics explores the cause and effect relationship between climatic change and cultural transformations across the mid-Holocene (c. 4000 B.C.). * Explores the role of climatic change on the development of society around the world * Chapters detail diverse geographical regions * Co-written by noted archaeologists and paleoclimatologists for non-specialists

Download or read book Late Holocene Climate Variability as Preserved in High resolution Estuarine and Lacustrine Sediment Archives written by Jeremiah Bradford Hubeny and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Holocene Climate Change and Environment written by Navnith Kumaran and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-09-21 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Holocene Climate Change and Environment presents detailed, diverse case studies from a range of environmental and geological regions on the Indian subcontinent which occupies the central part of the monsoon domain. This book examines Holocene events at different time intervals based on a new, high-resolution, multi-proxy records (pollen, spores, NPP, diatoms, grain size characteristics, total organic carbon, carbon/nitrogen ratio, stable isotopes) and other physical tools from all regions of India. It also covers new facilities in chronological study and luminescence dating, which have added a new dimension toward understanding the Holocene glacial retreats evolution of coastal landforms, landscape dynamics and human evolution. Each chapter is presented with a unified structure for ease of access and application, including an introduction, geographic details, field work and sampling techniques, methods, results and discussion. This detailed examination of such an important region provides key insights in climate modeling and global prediction systems. Provides data and research from environmentally and geologically diverse regions across the Indian subcontinent Presents an integrated and interdisciplinary approach, including considerations of human impacts Features detailed case studies that include methods and data, allowing for applications related to research and global modeling

Download or read book A Record of Holocene Climate Change from the Sunda Shelf South China Sea written by Anna Woodson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Variations in the East Asian Monsoon (EAM) control weather and regional climate conditions in the heavily populated, agriculturally dependent regions of eastern and southeast Asia. The South China Sea (SCS), especially the deep, northern SCS, has yielded many high-resolution Quaternary records of the EAM due to its high sedimentation rates and central location within the EAM system. The Sunda Shelf, a low-gradient, shallow region in the southwestern semi-enclosed SCS, is characterized by thin (~1 m) Holocene deposits and thus has not been a target for paleoclimate reconstructions. However, flooded fluvial paleochannels on the Sunda Shelf contain thicker, muddy Holocene sediments. Herein we test the hypothesis that the sediment fill of fluvial paleochannels contains a record of Holocene paleoclimate. Two piston cores were collected in fluvial paleochannels ~80 km offshore of Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. Core D45, collected on the edge of a v-shaped paleochannel, exhibits ~7200 years of sediment accumulation, whereas core D42, retrieved in a shallower paleochannel to the west, yielded a shorter (~3,000 year) but higher resolution record. Mg/Ca ratios of Globigerinoides ruber and Globigerinoides sacculifer, in combination with the stable oxygen isotopic composition of G. ruber, allow for the estimation of sea surface temperature (SST), the stable oxygen isotopic composition of seawater, and salinity. Furthermore, the stable carbon isotopic composition of G. ruber illuminates trends in nutrient input and continental runoff. Based on decreased salinity estimates, a high sedimentation rate (~0.064 cm/yr), and low stable carbon isotopic values, core D45 records an interval of increased rainfall and continental runoff from 6-4 ka, in keeping with nearby speleothem and continental pollen records. Additionally, this core records coeval reduced SST values, a trend not recognized in regional deep-sea records, suggesting a strong terrestrial runoff effect on the sedimentary record. The Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age are also tentatively recognized in SST data. Core D42 shows similar trends in data for the late Holocene, confirming that flooded fluvial paleovalleys can provide Holocene paleoclimatic records on continental shelves characterized by generally low sediment accumulation rates.