Download or read book The Influence of Acute Resistive Exercise on Inflammatory Markers in the Blood of Obese Postmenopausal Women written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contracting skeletal muscle is capable of producing a metabolic response involving the production of large amounts of intracellular messengers known as cytokines. IL-6 is one cytokine known to be released in response to muscular contraction. Plasma IL-6 concentrations have been shown to increase significantly followed intense resistive exercise, and muscle-derived IL-6 is capable of reducing the inflammatory response of blood mononuclear cells. Purpose: To examine the effects of an acute bout of resistive exercise on inflammatory markers in the blood, 23 obese, postmenopausal women performed a high intensity resistive exercise session and the effects of contraction-induced IL-6 on LPS-stimulated TNF-Æá and IL-1Æâ production were measured. Methods: Obese, postmenopausal (65.65 ¡l 3.89 years) women (N=23) were acclimated to resistive exercise over a three day period. After the acclimation period, participants were randomized into one of two groups: non-exercising control group (CON; N=11) or exercise group (EX; N=12). At least three days after the third acclimation day, participants reported to the lab and either completed a resistive exercise session (EX) at 80% of their estimated 1-RM, or rested quietly in the lab (CON). Blood samples were obtained pre, post, 2 hours-post, and 24 hours-post exercise. Similar time points were used in the CON group. Blood samples were analyzed using ELISA for plasma IL-6 concentrations. Whole blood samples were stimulated with LPS endotoxin and incubated for 24 hours in physiological conditions (37·ƠC, 5% CO2). LPS-stimulated production of TNF-Æá and IL-1Æâ were measured in the stimulated supernatants to assess immunocreativity of blood mononuclear cells. Results: Plasma IL-6 increased significantly following the exercise session (p

Download or read book The Effects of Diet and Exercise Intervention on Inflammatory Markers for Atherosclerosis in Postmenopausal Women written by Julia K. Wegge and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Acute Inflammatory and Affective Responses to Varying Resistance Training Loads in Women who are Postmenopausal written by Ciaran M. Fairman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical activity is a powerful behavioral intervention that can improve key metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in aging women. Although a considerable amount of research has focused on the health benefits of aerobic exercise participation among aging women, much less is known about physiological and affective responses to an acute bouts of resistance exercise in women who are postmenopausal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of RE intensity on physiological, affective, and motivational outcomes in postmenopausal women at heightened risk for chronic disease. A total of 13 overweight women who were postmenopausal (Age: 9.23±11.31 years; Height: 63.27±2.74in: Weight: 77.23±10.60kg) participated in the study. Each participant completed 3 experimental conditions. Prior to experimental conditions, participants completed a baseline assessment of strength and body composition, 6 familiarization sessions to acclimate participants to the resistance exercises and loads for each condition. Three sets of each exercise were performed in each experimental, whereas the load and number of repetitions lifted differed in each experimental condition. The low-load condition involved sets of 12-15 reps at 55%-64% 1 repetition maximum (RM), with 60 seconds of rest between sets. The moderate load involved sets of 8-12 reps at 65%-75% 1RM, with 90 seconds of rest between sets. The heavy load involved sets of 3-6 reps at 80-90% 1RM, with 120 seconds of rest between sets. Assessment of inflammatory markers were obtained prior to, immediately after, 15 minutes and 30 minutes after each experimental condition. The feeling scale (FS) was administered before, during (after the third set of each exercise) and immediately following each condition. Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was assessed following each set. Motivation was assessed before and immediately following each session. Self-Efficacy and intention were assessed immediately following each session. Results revealed no significant time, condition or time x condition differences in cortisol, inflammatory markers or motivational correlates. There was a significant time effect for lactate, with levels peaking immediately after each experimental condition before returning to baseline before 30 minutes after exercise. There was no difference in intention or self-efficacy between experimental conditions. It is concluded that acute bouts of RE at 55-64% 1RM, 65-75% 1RM and 80-90% 1RM result in comparable metabolic stress, inflammatory and affective responses. This lends further support to the safety and tolerability of high load resistance exercise in postmenopausal women. Given the comparable, positive affective response after the low, medium and high conditions in our study, fitness professionals could capitalize on these findings by encouraging postmenopausal women to select higher loads that may confer specific strength benefits, yet still yield positive affective responses.

Download or read book Effect of Acute Resistance Exercise on Insulin Sensitivity in Untrained Postmenopausal Women written by Joel Chapman and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Acute Resistance Exercise on Heart Rate Variability and Central Blood Pressure in Women written by Kristen Dempsey and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The study was designed to determine the effects of acute resistance exercise on heart rate variability (HRV) and central blood pressure (CBP) in women, specifically during the recovery period. Eight physically active, overweight women with an average body mass index (BMI) of 27.16 ± 1.76 kg/m2, who were also untrained in regards to resistance exercise, participated in the study. Subjects completed three study sessions. During the first session, subject descriptive data was obtained and a familiarization of the resistance protocol was conducted. Sessions two and three consisted of either a control or the total body resistance exercise session. HRV and CBP values were obtained at the beginning of the session and at multiple time points during the recovery time period, totaling 60 min. The primary finding was the significantly decreased HRV component, SDNN (standard deviation of N-N's) for 20 min following acute resistance exercise followed by a return of values back to baseline at the end of recovery. The depression of HRV was expected after resistance exercise, however the current study has demonstrated the extent of the effect of the exercise in untrained, overweight women. Both CBP and peripheral blood pressure did not show significant differences between conditions and time. Post exercise hypotension was expected after exercise, but did not occur in the present study. The current study demonstrated a short effect of acute resistance exercise on HRV, but not blood pressure values. HRV values returned to baseline at the end of recovery.

Download or read book The Effect of an Acute Bout of Whole Body Moderate Intensity Resistance Exercise on Arterial Stiffness in Postmenopausal Women written by Casandra L. Ferriter and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The study was designed to examine the effects of one bout of acute moderate resistance exercise on arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women. Nine untrained postmenopausal women [age 59.79 ± 6.22, weight 73.89 ± 13.08 kg, height 162.89 ± 6.11 cm, BF% 36.33 ± 8.85%] who had refrained from food and caffeine 4 hr prior to the intervention session and the control session, as well as avoided vigorous exercise 24 hr prior to the intervention session and control session, performed one bout of moderate intensity resistance exercise (70% of 10-RM). The exercises performed involved both the upper body and the lower body; dumbbell (DB) bent-over row, DB chest press, DB bicep curl, DB tricep extension, DB squats, DB Romanian deadlifts (RDLs), DB lunges, and DB calf raises. Measurements of heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), central systolic blood pressure (CSBP), central diastolic blood pressure (CDBP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and augmentation index (AIx) were taken at baseline after 10 min of supine rest, post exercise, 30 min post exercise, and 60 min post exercise. Heart rate, SBP, CSBP, and CDBP were significantly (p .05) affected by resistance training immediately post-exercise. Pulse wave velocity and AIx were not significantly (p .05) affected by the exercise session. One reason why PWV and AIx, prime measures of arterial stiffness, were not significantly altered may have been the subjects' low exercise intensity. In conclusion, no effects of the exercise were observed in PWV or AIx. However, moderate intensity resistance exercise resulted in post-exercise hypotension in postmenopausal women which may be valuable information for future research.

Download or read book Nutrition and Immune Function written by Philip C. Calder and published by CABI. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides a review of the roles of specific nutrients in maintaining the immune response and host protection against infection. It also considers the influence of various factors, such as exercise and ageing, on the interaction between nutrition and immune function.

Download or read book Exercise Immunology written by Bente Klarlund Pedersen and published by . This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Acute Resistive Exercise on the Resting Metabolic Rate of Women written by Christine Patricia Brady and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Menopause Transition and Postmenopausal Period written by Sahar Razmjou and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Menopause transition is usually associated with changes in body composition and a decrease in physical activity energy expenditure. Adipose tissue, especially visceral fat, is an important source of inflammatory markers, which contributes to the development of a pro-inflammatory state. Conversely, high levels of physical activity and exercise have an anti-inflammatory effect. One-hundred and two healthy premenopausal women participated in a 5-year longitudinal observational study (MONET: Montreal Ottawa New Emerging Team). The present secondary analyses were performed on 58 participants between the ages of 47 and 54 years with a full set of data.The aim of study was to investigate the impact of menopause transition and physical activity on inflammatory makers. The major finding of the first of 3 studies was that menopausal transition is accompanied by an increase in inflammatory markers, namely ferritin, IL-8, and sTNFR 1 and 2. The increase in IL-8 and sTNFR2 with menopause could be explained, in part, by changes in fat mass and peripheral fat, respectively. During and after menopause, significant bone loss occurs in women due to reduced estrogen production. Estrogen reduction favors bone resorption by regulating the production and activity of inflammatory markers. Therefore we further investigated the association between inflammatory markers and bone mineral density in premenopausal women transitioning to menopause (paper 2). Our results showed no significant association between change in inflammatory markers and change in bone mineral density in women transitioning to menopause. However, in premenopausal women hs-CRP was negatively associated with total, lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density and along with weight and cardiorespiratory fitness may play a role in bone mineral density variation. Baseline level of hs-CRP, Hp, IL-6 and femoral neck bone mineral density along with percent change in physical activity energy expenditure and menopausal status partly explained the individual variation of bone mineral density losses in women transitioning to menopause. Finally, we investigated time spent in the postmenopausal years and the influence of the duration of the postmenopause status on body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors. We indicated that postmenopausal years and years since menopause is associated with decrease in blood glucose and increase in waist circumference, percent fat mass, total cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein. Inflammatory markers including ApoB, ferritin, adiponectin, sCD14 were higher during years after final menstrual period while sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 were higher during the menopause transition and early postmenopausal years.

Download or read book The Effects of Exercise on Inflammatory Markers in the Blood written by Kathryn Ann Hellyer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of an Acute Bout of Moderate Intensity Exercise on Postprandial Lipemia and Airway Inflammation written by Ariel M. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obesity and asthma often coexist in the same people. Both are characterized by the presence of low-grade systemic inflammation. A high-fat diet may contribute to concurrent development of both conditions by promoting a pro-inflammatory postprandial environment leading to a transient accumulation of blood lipids (postprandial lipemia; PPL) and acute airway inflammation. Previous results from our lab have shown an ~20% increase in airway inflammation two hours after consuming a high-fat meal (HFM) that was significantly associated with increased plasma triglycerides. While acute exercise has been shown to attenuate PPL, it is unknown whether these protective effects will translate to reduced airway inflammation after a high-fat meal. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of an acute bout of exercise on airway inflammation after a HFM. We tested the hypothesis that an acute bout of exercise 12 hours before a high-fat meal would protect against subsequent airway inflammation in healthy men and would be related to the decreased PPL and systemic inflammatory markers. METHODS: In a randomized cross-over study, 12 healthy college-aged men consumed a HFM (1g fat/1kg body weight) 12 hours following exercise (EX; 60 min at 60% VO2max) or without exercise (CON). Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO; measure of airway inflammation), blood lipid profiles (venous sample; total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, glucose), inflammatory markers (hsCRP, TNF-[alpha], IL-6) and pulmonary function tests (PFT) (forced expiratory volume in 1-s, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory flow at 25-75% of vital capacity) were measured pre-HFM, two hours, and four hours post-HFM. RESULTS: Baseline eNO was not different (p>0.05) between trials. eNO increased (p0.05) post HFM at two hours in the both CON and EX conditions. eNO between trials was not different (p0.05). Triglycerides were significantly increased two and four hours post HFM but were not different (p>0.05) between conditions. There was no relationship (p>0.05) between eNO and triglycerides or systemic inflammatory markers for any time point in either condition. Pulmonary function did not differ (p>0.05) between any condition. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise 12 hours before a HFM does not attenuate postprandial airway inflammation or lipemia in healthy college-aged men.

Download or read book Physical Activity and Cancer written by Kerry S. Courneya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-26 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores in depth the relation between physical activity and cancer control, including primary prevention, coping with treatments, recovery after treatments, long-term survivorship, secondary prevention, and survival. The first part of the book presents the most recent research on the impact of physical activity in preventing a range of cancers. In the second part, the association between physical activity and cancer survivorship is addressed. The effects of physical activity on supportive care endpoints (e.g., quality of life, fatigue, physical functioning) and disease endpoints (e.g., biomarkers, recurrence, survival) are carefully analyzed. In addition, the determinants of physical activity in cancer survivors are discussed, and behavior change strategies for increasing physical activity in cancer survivors are appraised. The final part of the book is devoted to special topics, including the relation of physical activity to pediatric cancer survivorship and to palliative cancer care.

Download or read book Exercise and Diabetes written by Sheri R. Colberg and published by American Diabetes Association. This book was released on 2013-05-30 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical movement has a positive effect on physical fitness, morbidity, and mortality in individuals with diabetes. Although exercise has long been considered a cornerstone of diabetes management, many health care providers fail to prescribe it. In addition, many fitness professionals may be unaware of the complexities of including physical activity in the management of diabetes. Giving patients or clients a full exercise prescription that take other chronic conditions commonly accompanying diabetes into account may be too time-consuming for or beyond the expertise of many health care and fitness professionals. The purpose of this book is to cover the recommended types and quantities of physical activities that can and should be undertaken by all individuals with any type of diabetes, along with precautions related to medication use and diabetes-related health complications. Medications used to control diabetes should augment lifestyle improvements like increased daily physical activity rather than replace them. Up until now, professional books with exercise information and prescriptions were not timely or interactive enough to easily provide busy professionals with access to the latest recommendations for each unique patient. However, simply instructing patients to “exercise more” is frequently not motivating or informative enough to get them regularly or safely active. This book is changing all that with its up-to-date and easy-to-prescribe exercise and physical activity recommendations and relevant case studies. Read and learn to quickly prescribe effective and appropriate exercise to everyone.

Download or read book Polycystic Ovary Syndrome written by Andrea Dunaif and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-12 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes the latest diagnostic criteria for PCOS and comprises the most up-to-date information about the genetic features and pathogenesis of PCOS. It critically reviews the methodological approaches and the evidence for various PCOS susceptibility genes. The book also discusses additional familial phenotypes of PCOS and their potential genetic basis. All four editors of this title are extremely prominent in the field of PCOS.

Download or read book Immune Function in Sport and Exercise written by Michael Gleeson and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is directed primarily towards health care professionals outside of the United States. Designed to help readers understand and evaluate the relationship between exercise, immune function and infection risk, this book presents evidence for the "J-shaped" relationship between exercise load and infection risk. It also describes the components of the human immune system and key functions that protect the body from disease, the impact of acute and chronic psychological stress on immune function, and practical guidelines for minimizing the risk of immunodepression and infection in athletes. Further chapters explore different ways of measuring immune function, as well as the effects of heavy training on innate and specific (acquired) immunity, exercise in environmental extremes, and nutrition. Connections between exercise, infection risk, and immune function in special populations (elderly, obese, diabetic and HIV patients) are also addressed. Authored by a team of highly experienced experts. The "J-shaped" relationship between exercise load and infection risk is described, backed by current research and evidence. Components of the immune system and normal immune function are explained in detail, as well as methods for measuring immune function. The impact of acute and chronic psychological stress on immune function is presented, along with suggestions for minimizing the risk of immunodepression and infection in athletes. The effects of heavy training, exercise in environmental extremes, and nutrition are discussed with regard to their impact on innate and specific (acquired) immunity. Immune function in special populations (elderly, obese, diabetic and HIV patients) is also addressed, exploring links between exercise and infection risk in these groups. Evidence-based coverage includes a list of references in each chapter, as well as suggestions for further reading that direct readers to important texts and review articles. Information is presented in an easily accessible format, following a logical progression of material. LEach chapter begins with a list of learning objectives and ends with a list of key points to reinforce learning. A glossary at the end of the book defines all key terms and abbreviations.

Download or read book Cancer written by Hymie Anisman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-04-09 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer: How Lifestyles May Impact Disease Development, Progression, and Treatment explores different processes that influence the efficacy of treatments and what lifestyle and behavioral modification options are available to patients to improve therapy responses, with a focus on addressing their strengths and weaknesses. The book discusses mechanisms by which particular lifestyles may affect cancer processes, including various aspects of immune functioning, inflammatory and energy-related processes, reactive oxygen species, hormonal and neurotransmitter mechanisms, the role of neurotrophins, and microbial effects. Considerable attention is devoted to the impact of psychosocial processes that indirectly affect disease occurrence, and to behavioral change methods. Focuses on the link between lifestyle factors (eating/diet, exercise, sleep, circadian rhythms, and stressors) in the development and progression of various types of cancer Addresses the contributions of lifestyle behavior to the efficacy and moderation of cancer treatments and their side effects Delineates mechanisms by which particular lifestyles may come to affect the cancer process