Download or read book The Importance of Multiple Resource Limitation to Shade Tolerance and Habitat Preferences in Tropical and Temperate Tree Saplings microform written by Jennifer Lynn Baltzer and published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. This book was released on 2005 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shade tolerance is typically reported as broad categories encompassing many species that are treated as ecological equivalents and is frequently considered from a single resource perspective: namely, ability to tolerate low light. However, variable soil resources and biotic factors also characterize the light-limited understory implying a role for multiple resource limitation in shade tolerance. In the present study, I quantified whole plant light compensation point (WPLCP) for saplings of tree species of varying shade tolerance from tropical and temperate systems using growth-, survival- and gas-exchange-based methods. Species traditionally classified as shade tolerant or light demanding were positioned at extreme and opposite ends of the shade tolerance continuum while mid-tolerant's WPLCP spanned the continuum. I measured morphological and physiological sapling traits to assess their contribution to WPLCP. In both tropical and temperate species, dark respiration (at the leaf or whole plant level) was a strong predictor of WPLCP. Seed size was also a strong predictor of gas-exchange based WPLCP. Using growth- and gas-exchange-based methods I examined changes in WPLCP with variable resources achieved through the experimentally manipulating light and nutrients. Nutrient addition generally had little effect on measured traits; however, gas-exchange-based WPLCP was higher in a number of temperate species under increased nutrients. Additionally, increased nutrient availability resulted in increased chlorophyll content and leaf-level spectral absorptance for some species, which could impact low-light carbon gain. In the tropical forest, comparisons were made between closely related species pairs occurring on two soil types differing in water and nutrient availability. Species associated with dry, sandy ridges showed conservative patterns of water use achieved at the cost of higher respiration rates in comparison to species associated with the moist, rich alluvial lowlands. WPLCP of species associated with the ridgetops were greater than alluvial specialists, likely due to the metabolic costs of higher water use efficiency given the contribution of respiration rates to WPLCP. In the temperate forest, site-to-site variation in water availability resulted in variable, species-specific responses of WPLCP, growth and leaf-level gas-exchange. These results provide strong evidence of multiple resource limitation and emphasize the importance of species' responses to soil resources in shade tolerance.
Download or read book Shade Tolerance of Saplings from the Mixed Forests of Northeast China microform Implications for Plantation Forestry written by Saprunoff, Megan and published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. This book was released on 2005 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Northeast provinces of China support a diverse mixed temperate forest and have plantations suitable for carbon sequestration. Carbon sequestration potential of plantations can be increased by thinning and underplanting with hardwood species. The main objective of this thesis is to develop a quantified measure of shade tolerance for common tree species using the whole plant light compensation point approach. Secondary objectives include: assessing the effect of the soil texture, soil moisture and the presence of two species (Pinus koraiensis and Larix olgensis) commonly used in plantations on sapling growth and/or establishment success. Data was collected over six weeks during the summer of 2004 adjacent to the Changbaishan Reserve. Eighteen of the twenty species studied could survive and grow beneath the canopy of an existing plantation. Species that demonstrated the best combination of traits were Fraxinus mandshurica, Populus davidiana and Tilia amurensis. These conclusions are restricted to the area studied.
Download or read book Conserving Bogs written by Rob E. Stoneman and published by Stationery Office Books (TSO). This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bogs are fascinating landscapes for ecologists, climatologists, archaeologists, environmental historians and water managers. But many bogs have been damaged, and legislative protection - as 29 case studies demonstrate - is not enough to conserve the rest.
Download or read book Plant Resources of South East Asia written by R. H. Lemmens and published by Springer Verlag. This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Program summarizes information on 2900 timbers-yielding species and has been extended with a search facility for wood properties and an interactive wood-anatomy identification system".
Download or read book Inselbergs written by S. Porembski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inselbergs are isolated rock outcrops that stand out abruptly from surrounding plains. Despite the widespread occurrence of granite inselbergs throughout all climatic and vegetational zones, their remarkably rich plant life was largely neglected in the recent literature. This richly and partly in color illustrated volume provides a detailed survey of all major abiotic and biotic features characteristic for inselbergs. The extreme environmental conditions on inselbergs are described in depth as well as specific adaptive traits of rock outcrop plants including their morphological, anatomical and physiological responses. The diversity and structure of inselberg plant communities are examined on a global scale with detailed regional accounts for different tropical and temperate zones.
Download or read book Silvics of Forest Trees of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Farming Systems in the Tropics written by Hans Ruthenberg and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some general charscteristics of farming in a tropical environment; Shifting cultivation systems; Fallow systems; Ley systems; Systems with permanent upland cultivation; Systems with arable irrigation farming; Systems with perennial crops; Grazing systems; General tendences in the development of tropical farm systems.
Download or read book Photosynthesis in Algae written by Anthony W. D. Larkum and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the reader to algal diversity as currently understood and then traces the photosynthetic structures and mechanisms that contribute so much to making the algae unique. Indeed the field is now so large that no one expert can hope to cover it all. The 19 articles are each written by experts in their area; ranging over all the essential aspects and making for a comprehensive coverage of the whole field. Important developments in molecular biology, especially transformation mutants in Chlamydomonas, are dealt with, as well as areas important to global climate change, carbon dioxide exchange, light harvesting, energy transduction, biotechnology and many others. The book is intended for use by graduate students and beginning researchers in the areas of molecular and cell biology, integrative biology, plant biology, biochemistry and biophysics, biotechnology, global ecology, and phycology.
Download or read book Preservation of Archives in Tropical Climates written by René Teygeler and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Freshwater Microbiology written by David C. Sigee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-09-27 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique textbook takes a broad look at the rapidly expanding field of freshwater microbiology. Concentrating on the interactions between viruses, bacteria, algae, fungi and micro-invertebrates, the book gives a wide biological appeal. Alongside conventional aspects such as phytoplankton characterisation, seasonal changes and nutrient cycles, the title focuses on the dynamic and applied aspects that are not covered within the current textbooks in the field. Complete coverage of all fresh water biota from viruses to invertebrates Unique focus on microbial interactions including coverage of biofilms, important communities on all exposed rivers and lakes. New information on molecular and microscopical techniques including a study of gene exchange between bacteria in the freshwater environment. Unique emphasis on the applied aspects of freshwater microbiology with particular emphasis on biodegradation and the causes and remediation of eutrophication and algal blooms.
Download or read book Biodiversity written by N. Biedinger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiversity, sometimes simply understood as "diversity of species", is a specific quality of life on our planet, the dimensions and importance of which have just lately been fully realized. Today we know that "biological diversity is a global asset of incalculable value to present and future generations" (Kofi Annan). Biodiversity is spread unequally over the world: in fact, the main share of biological resources worldwide is harboured predominantly by the so-called developing countries in the tropics and sub tropics. Therefore, Biodiversity - A Challenge for Development Research and Policy was chosen as the title for an international conference which was held in Bonn in 1997 as one of the first major events organized by the then newly established North-South Centre for Development Research (ZEF) at Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat Bonn (Germany). Since the ZEF, founded by the Senate of the University of Bonn in 1995, has played a central role in turning Bonn into a centre for international cooperation and North-South dialogue. The Centre is a product of the Bonn Berlin agreement of July 1994 which was adopted to offset the effects caused by the Parliament and much of the Government moving to Berlin. It fits in well with the double strategy to strengthen Bonn's position as an interna tional science arena and as an eminent place for development policy and the national and supranational agencies dealing with this issue.
Download or read book Relict Species written by Jan Christian Habel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-03 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mankind has evolved both genetically and culturally to become a most successful and dominant species. But we are now so numerous and our technology is so p- erful that we are having major effects on the planet, its environment, and the b- sphere. For some years prophets have warned of the possible detrimental consequences of our activities, such as pollution, deforestation, and overfishing, and recently it has become clear that we are even changing the atmosphere (e. g. ozone, carbon dioxide). This is worrying since the planet’s life systems are involved and dependent on its functioning. Current climate change – global w arming – is one recognised consequence of this larger problem. To face this major challenge, we will need the research and advice of many disciplines – Physics, Chemistry, Earth Sciences, Biology, and Sociology – and particularly the commitment of wise politicians such as US Senator Al Gore. An important aspect of this global problem that has been researched for several decades is the loss of species and the impoverishment of our ecosystems, and hence their ability to sustain themselves, and more particularly us! Through evolutionary time new species have been generated and some have gone extinct. Such extinction and regeneration are moulded by changes in the earth’s crust, atmosphere, and resultant climate. Some extinctions have been massive, particularly those asso- ated with catastrophic meteoric impacts like the end of the Cretaceous Period 65Mya.
Download or read book Our Landscape Heritage written by Vincent Frank Zelazny and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our Landscape Heritage provides an overview of the history and ecological makeup of the landscapes of New Brunswick to help ecological seekers starting out with basic knowledge about geology, soils, climate, and vegetation, to better understand why plants and animals are today distributed as they are. Part I outlines the rationale and history of ecological land classification (ELC) in New Brunswick, and presents basic scientific concepts and facts that help the reader to interpret the information that follows. Part II, Portrait of New Brunswick Ecoregions and Ecodistricts presents a detailed look at the variety and distribution of ecosystems across the geographic expanse of New Brunswick. Each of the seven chapters of Part II provides a high level description of the ecoregion, followed by detailed descriptions of each ecodistrict within the ecoregion.--Includes text from document.
Download or read book Algal Chemical Ecology written by Charles D. Amsler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-03 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yet another Springer world-beater, this is the first ever book devoted to the chemical ecology of algae. It covers both marine and freshwater habitats and all types of algae, from seaweeds to phytoplankton. While the book emphasizes the ecological rather than chemical aspects of the field, it does include a unique introductory chapter that serves as a primer on algal natural products chemistry.
Download or read book Plant Communication from an Ecological Perspective written by František Baluška and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-05 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the concept of allelopathy was introduced almost 100 years ago, research has led to an understanding that plants are involved in complex communicative interactions. They use a battery of different signals that convey plant-relevant information within plant individuals as well as between plants of the same species or different species. The 13 chapters of this volume discuss all these topics from an ecological perspective. Communication between plants allows them to share physiological and ecological information relevant for their survival and ?tness. It is obvious that in these very early days of ecological plant communication research we are illuminating only the ‘tip of iceberg’ of the communicative nature of higher plants. Nevertheless, knowledge on the identity and informative value of volatiles used by plants for communication is increasing with breath-taking speed. Among the most spectacular examples are sit- tions where plant emitters warn neighbours about a danger, increasing their innate immunity, or when herbivore-attacked plants attract the enemies of the herbivores (‘cry for help’ and ‘plant bodyguards’ concepts). It is becoming obvious that plants use not only volatile signals but also diverse water soluble molecules, in the case of plant roots, to safeguard their evolutionary success and accomplish self/non-self kin rec- nition. Importantly, as with all the examples of biocommunication, irrespective of whether signals and signs are transmitted via physical or chemical pathways, plant communication is a rule-governed and sign-mediated process.
Download or read book Ecology of Harmful Algae written by E. Granéli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-04 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harmful algal can cause a variety of deleterious effects, including the poisoning of fish and shellfish, habitat disruptions for many organisms, water discoloration, beach fouling, and even toxic effects for humans. In this volume, international experts provide an in-depth analysis of harmful algae topics and offer a comprehensive synthesis of the latest research in the field.
Download or read book The Physiology of Plants written by Wilhelm Pfeffer and published by . This book was released on 1900 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
