Download or read book The Implementation of the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity LIBERTAD Act of 1996 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Implementation of the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity LIBERTAD Act of 1996 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Libertad Act written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere and Peace Corps Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cuba Democracy Assistance written by David Gootnick and published by U.S. Government Accountability Office. This book was released on 2013-02-07 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and Department of State (State) provide democracy assistance for Cuba aimed at developing civil society and promoting freedom of information. Typical program beneficiaries include Cuban community leaders, independent journalists, women, youths, and marginalized groups. USAID receives the majority of funding allocated for this assistance, although State has received 32 percent of funding since 2004. In recent years, both USAID and State have provided more funding for program implementation to for-profit and nongovernmental organizations (NGO) with a worldwide or regional focus than to universities and to NGOs that focus only on Cuba. All types of implementing partners, but worldwide or regional organizations in particular, used subpartners to implement program activities under 21 of the 29 awards and contracts that GAO reviewed. USAID and State legal officials view the Cuba democracy program’s authorizing legislation as allowing the agencies discretion in determining the types of activities that can be funded with program assistance. Agency officials added that the agencies ensure that program activities directly relate to democracy promotion as broadly illustrated in related program legislation. The officials stated that organizations are expected to work with agency program officers to determine what activities are permitted or appropriate. In addition, they said that program partners and subpartners are expected to spend U.S. government funds consistent with U.S. laws, and that requirements in primary award agreements generally flow down to any subpartners. USAID has improved its performance and financial monitoring of implementing partners’ use of program funds by implementing new policies and hiring contractors to improve monitoring and evaluation and to conduct financial internal controls reviews, but GAO found gaps in State’s financial monitoring. While GAO found some gaps in implementing partners’ performance planning and reporting, both agencies are taking steps to improve performance monitoring. For financial monitoring, USAID performs financial internal controls reviews of its implementing partners with the assistance of an external auditor. Since 2008, USAID has used a risk-based approach to determine the coverage and frequency of the 30 reviews the auditor has conducted, which have identified weaknesses in implementing partners’ financial management, procurement, and internal controls. However, because of resource constraints, State did not perform financial internal controls reviews for more than two-thirds of its implementing partners during fiscal years 2010 through 2012. State procured an external financial auditor in September 2012 that plans to review more than half of State’s implementing partners, and has taken steps toward implementing a risk-based approach for scheduling these reviews. Federal regulations generally require agencies to approve the use of subpartners. GAO found that USAID issued specific guidance in 2011 to its implementing partners on requirements for subpartner approval. While State told GAO it has similar requirements, State’s requirements are not clearly specified in its written guidance. As a result, State was not provided with the information it would have needed to approve at least 91 subawards and subcontracts that were obligated under eight awards. Why GAO Did This Study: Since 1996, Congress has appropriated $205 million to USAID and State to support democracy assistance for Cuba. Because of Cuban government restrictions, conditions in Cuba pose security risks to the implementing partners—primarily NGOs—and subpartners that provide U.S. assistance. For this report, GAO (1) identified current assistance, implementing partners, subpartners, and beneficiaries; (2) reviewed USAID’s and State’s efforts to implement the program in accordance with U.S. laws and regulations and to address program risks; and (3) examined USAID’s and State’s monitoring of the use of program funds. This report is a publicly releasable version of a Sensitive But Unclassified Report that GAO issued in December 2012. What GAO Recommends: GAO is recommending that State take steps to improve its financial monitoring of implementing partners and provide clear guidance for approving subpartners. State concurred with GAO’s recommendations and cited steps they are taking to address them.

Download or read book An Act to Amend Title 11 District of Columbia Code to Increase the Maximum Amount in Controversy Permitted for Cases Under the Jurisdiction of the Small Claims and Conciliation Branch of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Year in Trade written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Operation of the Trade Agreements Program The Year in Trade 49th Report 1997 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Year in Trade 1997 written by Arona Butcher and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999-04 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book United States Code Title 50 War and national defense popular names tables and index written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Operation of the Trade Agreements Program The Year in Trade 48th Report 1996 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States William J Clinton 1999 written by Clinton, William J. and published by Best Books on. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 1376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States

Download or read book Overview and Compilation of U S Trade Statutes written by United States and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book United States Code written by United States and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 1368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book United States Code written by United States and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 1983 with total page 1228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Law of Open Societies written by Jürgen Basedow and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2015-06-02 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book endeavours to interpret the development of private international law in light of social change. Since the end of World War II the socio-economic reality of international relations has been characterised by a progressive move from closed to open societies. The dominant feature of our time is the opening of borders for individuals, goods, services, capital and data. It is reflected in the growing importance of ex ante planning – as compared with ex post adjudication – of cross-border relations between individuals and companies. What has ensued is a shift in the forces that shape international relations from states to private actors. The book focuses on various forms of private ordering for economic and societal relations, and its increasing significance, while also analysing the role of the remaining regulatory powers of the states involved. These changes stand out more distinctly by virtue of the comparative treatment of the law and the long-term perspective employed by the author. The text is a revised and updated version of the lectures given by the author during the 2012 summer courses of the Hague Academy of International Law.

Download or read book Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States written by United States. President and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: