Download or read book The Impacts of the Invasive American Bullfrog Lithobates Catesbeianus on the Woodhouse Toad Anaxyrus Woodhousii Population at the Rio Mora National Wildlife Refuge in Northeastern New Mexico written by Alfonso Trujillo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American Bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) are one of the most aggressive invasive species causing ecological damage across many ecosystems. Bullfrogs can negatively impact native amphibians through either predation or competition when they become established in an ecosystem. This invasion leads to the loss of native biodiversity and can eventually drive some species into extinction. Invasive Bullfrogs were established in the Rio Mora Wildlife Refuge (RMNWR) in Northern New Mexico during the last century. Bullfrogs were eradicated from an "Experimental" 2,600 meter section of the Mora River, creating an area virtually free of Bullfrogs. Another similar length of the river was left intact and referred to as the "Control." this study examines whether Bullfrogs have a negative impact on Woodhouse toads (Anaxyrus woodhousii) by using five methods to determine differences between the sites with Bullfrogs and without Bullfrogs: (1) A mark-recapture study to determine total abundance and population structure; (2) Random transects in the study area to estimate relative abundance; (3) Deterministic transects going perpendicular away from the river to evaluate habitat preference, either due to prey preference, vegetation choices, or avoidance of Bullfrogs; (4) Call surveys to define the relative abundance of active calling males; and (5) Tadpole abundance surveys to measure the larvae quantity. Our results suggest that there are more Woodhouse toads in the area where Bullfrogs have been eradicated based on the calculated total abundance of Woodhouse toad adults in both sites. I also found more juveniles and tadpoles in our site with the absence of bullfrogs. Also, I captured fewer female toads along road transects where Bullfrogs were removed, suggesting females may be utilizing the river more because they do not risk encounters with Bullfrogs. Females are larger in the area that has Bullfrogs (mean mass= 84.57g; mean SVL= 7.81 cm) than in the area without Bullfrogs (mean mass= 53.80g; mean SVL= 6.84 cm). This may be the result of increase recruitment on the early sizes where Bullfrogs have been eradicated. Overall, my study demonstrates that Bullfrogs have important impacts on the Woodhouse toad population in the RMNWR by affecting abundance on juveniles and tadpoles and causing the overall population to avoid areas that are heavily populated with Bullfrogs.
Download or read book Using Artificial Cover Objects to Monitor the Effects of Invasive Bullfrogs on the Small vertebrate Riparian Community of Northeastern New Mexico written by Nicasio Gonzalez and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invasive species and their ecological effects are regarded as one of the paramount threats to biodiversity worldwide. American Bullfrogs are well recognized as a detrimental invasive species, however, knowledge is lacking concerning both the functioning of invasive Bullfrogs in novel ecosystems and the ecological consequences of their removal. Bullfrogs are thought to have colonized North Eastern New Mexico between 1900 to 1940. In 2012. the Highlands Vertebrate Biology Lab initiated the invasive Bullfrog eradications at the Rio Mora National Wildlife Refuge, where a 2 km stretch of river was cleared of Bullfrogs and in continually being reinforced. The eradication of invasive Bullfrogs provides an experimental design in which various studies, regarding Bullfrog ecology, can be compared to an unaltered population of invasive Bullfrogs. The overall purpose of this long-term comprehensive study is to provide insights to the possible effects that the presence of Bullfrogs may have in this ecosystem as well as to monitor the effects of the Bullfrog removals. The aim of my specific study was to monitor the riparian community of small vertebrates through sampling transects of artificial cover objects (ACOs) to provide baseline assessments of community structure in order to study the effects of the presence of invasive Bullfrogs and the community response to their eradication. Biodiversity indexes and the relative abundances of Terrestrial Western Garter snakes (Thamnophis elegans), and White-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) were compared between study sites to search for correlations with the presence of Bullfrogs. Creating and comparing similarly places ACOs (micro-habitat types) will aid in isolating the observed differences to the presence of the invasive Bullfrog. Surprisingly, my results indicate that he presence of invasive Bullfrogs support a community of higher diversity, in contradiction with the original hypothesis. They study site where Bullfrogs are present (control) resulted in a Shannon-Wiener index value of 1.244, 18.67 T. elegans per sampling event, and 4.05 P. leucopas per sampling event; compared to the site without the presence of Bullfrogs (experimental) where diversity index value was 1.005, 6.05 T. elegans per sampling event, and 2.10 P. leucopus per sampling event. The results from the biodiversity indexes and relative abundances indicate that the presence of invasive Bullfrogs is correlated with an increased diversity and trophic complexity of the small vertebrate community of the Rio Mora riparian ecosystem in Northeastern New Mexico.
Download or read book Effects of the Invasive Bullfrog Rana Catesbeiana on the Native Herpetofauna Community in Northern New Mexico written by Calvin I. Vialpando and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invasive species are among the greatest causes for decline of biodiversity. Since native species have no evolutionary history with the invasive species, the latter has ample opportunity to drive local populations to extinction via competition, predation, introduction of diseases and associated synergistic effects. Introduction of Bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) occurred in several areas outside of their native range including the southwestern United States. In this study, I investigated the effects of the invasive Bullfrog on the native herpetofauna community in northern New Mexico. I conducted my study along the Mora River at the Rio Mora National Wildlife Refuge in 2015. I sampled two 2.4 km segments of the Mora River that differ in Bullfrog management. In one "managed" segment, Bullfrog eradication has been ongoing since 2012. In the upstream "unmanaged" segment of the river, the Bullfrog population was left intact. Both sites were separated by a 1.6 km "buffer zone" of river where Bullfrog populations were not removed to eliminate the effect of migration between the two sites in the river. I utilized several methods to sample for different species. 1) I conducted call surveys to estimate the abundance of calling male Northern Leopard Frogs (R. pipiens) and Bullfrogs. 2) I conducted daytime visual encounter surveys to determine the relative abundance of Bullfrog populations between the managed and unmanaged sites. 3) I used artificial cover objects (ACOs) on a board line survey to estimate the relative abundance of small rodents, amphibian, and reptile species. I used data from the board line ACOs surveys to estimate a Shannon-Weiner diversity index and compare diversity and evenness between both sites. I conducted a mark and recapture study on Western Terrestrial Garter Snake (Thamnophis elegans) to determine their population structure. Species diversity and overall abundance of some reptile species was highest where Bullfrogs were managed. I found an unexpected trend where two species, Northern Leopard Frogs and Western Terrestrial Garter Snakes, were more abundant where the Bullfrog population was left intact (unmanaged site). This unexpected trend may be explained by other factors related to Bullfrog invasion including the predator release on the also invasive Norther Crayfish (Orconectes virilis), which may be more detrimental to the riparian community. Overall, this study indicates the herpetofauna species diversity along a riparian zone is negatively impacted by invasive Bullfrog presence. Though active management of invasive bullfrogs is not practical in some cases, removal of invasive species is beneficial to overall diversity.
Download or read book American Bullfrog Lithobates Catesbeianus Invasion in California written by Nicolette Leighana Nelson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invasive species have far-reaching ecological and economic impacts. The American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) has spread globally through anthropogenic activity and has been named one of the world’s worst invasive species. Bullfrogs have especially impacted native amphibians in California through predation, competition, and disease. Bullfrogs are thought to be expanding in the state and may be able to impact additional amphibians that have already undergone severe disease-related declines. With the current projects, I used environmental niche models (ENMs) to examine the patterns and drivers underlying historic bullfrog invasion in California. This exercise allowed me to identify potentially suitable habitats that are at risk of future invasion. I also built multi-scale occupancy models using detections from environmental DNA (eDNA) samples to examine the potential of Sierra Nevada meadow restoration projects to promote regional occupancy of bullfrogs and the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Bd). Bullfrogs have spread in a diffuse pattern from their earliest introduction points in California, and the Klamath mountains and southern Coast range may be invaded in the future. However, bullfrogs appear to be limited from high elevation habitats in the Sierra Nevada, possibly due to winter freezing or topographic resistance. Site-level occupancy of bullfrogs and Bd did not differ between Sierra Nevada meadows restored with different methods, but the quantity of bullfrog eDNA detected tended to be highest at pond-and-plug restored meadows. Bd eDNA quantity was also positively influenced by the presence of bullfrogs within the meadow. Even limited overlap between bullfrogs and sensitive native amphibians in the future could increase the transmission of Bd. Future work should focus on the local invasion dynamics of bullfrogs in areas occupied by sensitive amphibians as well as spatio-temporal patterns in the prevalence of Bd, both in the environment and in amphibian hosts.
Download or read book Southwestern Desert Resources written by William L. Halvorson and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2023-01-17 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The southwestern deserts stretch from southeastern California to west Texas and then south to central Mexico. The landscape of this region is known as basin and range topography featuring to “sky islands” of forest rising from the desert lowlands which creates a uniquely diverse ecology. The region is further complicated by an international border, where governments have caused difficulties for many animal populations. This book puts a spotlight on individual research projects which are specific examples of work being done in the area and when they are all brought together, to shed a general light of understanding the biological and cultural resources of this vast region so that those same resources can be managed as effectively and efficiently as possible. The intent is to show that collaborative efforts among federal, state agency, university, and private sector researchers working with land managers, provides better science and better management than when scientists and land managers work independently.
Download or read book Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico written by Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. Committee on Standard English and Scientific Names and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic written by Akademie věd České republiky. Ústav struktury a mechaniky hornin and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Amphibians and Reptiles of Georgia written by John B. Jensen and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring more than 475 full-color photographs and 182 maps, this comprehensive guide to the state's diverse herpetofauna makes accessible a wealth of information about 170 species of frogs, salamanders, crocodilians, lizards, snakes, and turtles, including species attributes, behavior, life cycles, habitat, and more.
Download or read book Frogs of the United States and Canada written by C. Kenneth Dodd Jr. and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2023-06-20 with total page 991 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The premiere reference book on the 108 species of frogs inhabiting North America north of Mexico. An unparalleled synthesis of the biology and behavior of all native and nonindigenous species, this two-volume, extensively referenced resource has been called the most important book ever published on North American anura. Color photographs and range maps accompany species accounts detailing information on etymology, nomenclature, identification, distribution, fossil record, systematics and geographic variation, life history and ecology, behavior, population and community biology, and conservation. This new edition of the text contains the following updates: Literature citations have been added from 2012 to 2021, now spanning from 1709 to 2021. Distribution maps have been updated, recording the decreased ranges due to declining amphibian populations. Photographs have been revised to ensure the highest digital quality. Anaxyrus williamsi and Lithobates kauffeldi, newly described species, have been included. An account is also included for Gastrophryne mazatlanensis, now recognized as occurring within the United States. Generic keys have been added. A brief section on N.A. frogs in history and art have been added. Nomenclature has been updated (Incilius for Ollotis). Now the only up-to-date and comprehensive resource for those trying to protect amphibians in the US and Canada, as well as for researchers and wildlife managers who study biodiversity"--
Download or read book Animal Sounds and Communication written by Wesley Edwin Lanyon and published by . This book was released on 2012-06-01 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributing Authors Include Peter Paul Kellogg, Donald J. Borror, Richard D. Alexander, And Many Others. American Institute Of Biological Sciences, No. 7.
Download or read book Sea turtles in the Mediterranean Distribution threats and conservation priorities written by Paolo Casale and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2010 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Amphibian Cytogenetics and Evolution written by David M. Green and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book appears at a time when molecular cytogenetics is positioned to make a significant impact upon evolutionary studies, enabling problems of chromosomal structure and change to be critically assessed. It is an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of the cytogenetics of a major class of animals, including all three amphibian orders, with chapters authored by international leaders in the field.Amphibian Cytogenetics and Evolution will be of interest to classical and molecular cytogeneticists, systematicists, evolutionary biologists, herpetologists, and anyone using amphibians in genetic research. - Offers the only current and comprehensive survey of amphibian cytogenetics - Gives authoritative and in-depth coverage of topics of present interest - Reviews general cytogenetic topics - Presents new insights into evolutionary changes in chromosome structure and amphibian phylogeny and relationships including: Phylogenetic analysis of chromosome data, Current techniques of cytogenetic analysis, Examination of all three amphibian orders
Download or read book The Biology of Plethodontid Salamanders written by Richard C. Bruce and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-04-30 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a state-of-the-art overview of plethodontid salamanders. Readers will find the best current understanding of many aspects of the evolution, systematics, development, morphology, life history, ecology, and field methodology of these animals.
Download or read book Grand Canyon Nature Notes written by and published by . This book was released on 1932 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Army Ants written by Theodore Christian Schneirla and published by W.H. Freeman. This book was released on 1971-01-01 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Miscellaneous paper written by Waterways Experiment Station and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Natural History of the Sonoran Desert written by Steven J. Phillips and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A Natural History of the Sonoran Desert provides the most complete collection of Sonoran Desert natural history information ever compiled and is a perfect introduction to this biologically rich desert of North America."--BOOK JACKET.
