Download or read book The Impacts of Environmental and Anthropogenic Stressors on Largemouth Bass an Integration of Field and Laboratory Studies written by Matthew M. Van Landeghem and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several environmental stressors can impact the physiology and survival of fishes. Fish experience natural fluctuations in temperature and dissolved oxygen, but variations in these parameters due to anthropogenic sources are typically greater in magnitude and duration. Changes in temperature and oxygen of anthropogenic origins may therefore have larger negative impacts on fish than those occurring during natural events. Physiological parameters are sensitive indicators of the impacts of stressors by providing insight into the manner in which fish are disturbed by the stressor. Fish may display cumulative physiological responses to successive stressors, but the concept of synergy among multiple thermal stressors is poorly understood. Further, some fish species can be subjected to competitive angling events, which expose fish to an array of additional stressors that can increase mortality. The impacts of these events may change over seasons as fish display seasonal changes in behavior and physiology. Latitudinal origin may also affect the physiological response and mortality of fish exposed to common environmental stressors as individual populations are adapted to local environmental conditions. This thesis focuses on addressing these potential impacts on physiological parameters and mortality of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and provides implications for management and conservation. Largemouth bass were relatively robust to abrupt changes in temperature and oxygen, but were perturbed from physiological homeostasis during large (12°C) temperature shocks and low (

Download or read book Effects of Suspended Solids and Sediment of Reproduction and Early Life of Warmwater Fishes written by Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measuring the Influence of Winter Conditions on Largemouth Bass Behaviour Using Both Biotelemetry and Laboratory Studies written by Caleb Thomas Hasler and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying the winter ecology of freshwater fishes has been a focus of much past and present research. Because of obvious constraints with studying fish in situ during the winter, few studies have made links between laboratory findings and observations made in the natural environment. Recently, new developments in biotelemetry have provided a way of assessing the winter ecology of fish in a natural setting. At present, however, there are few, if any, studies that attempt to make direct links between field and laboratory results. This research focuses on the reaction of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) to winter conditions using both biotelemetry and laboratory components. In the first part of the study, biotelemetry-derived swimming activity is assessed across a range of temperatures (4.0-25°C). As well, swim tunnel-derived Ucrit swimming speeds and burst swimming ability across similar temperatures were evaluated. In both cases, swimming activity and speeds decreased as temperatures decreased. In biotelemetry-derived measurements, swimming activities increase late in winter, possibly suggesting acclimatization. In the second part of the study the effect of hypoxia on winter habitat selection was investigated. Biotelemetry-obtained locations of largemouth bass were compared to the distribution of dissolved oxygen throughout the lake at numerous times throughout the winter. In addition, experiments were conducted in a laboratory setting on winter juvenile fish to determine the behavioural and physiological impacts of hypoxia. The results of these experiments revealed a behavioural response in the lab and habitat avoidance in the field at an environmental oxygen level of approximately 2 mg/L of dissolved oxygen. The combination of biotelemetry with laboratory data has demonstrated that more informative results about the winter ecology of freshwater fishes can be derived. In the future, usefulness of this combined approach in assessing the impacts of climate change on fish populations will be invaluable.

Download or read book Effects of Paper Mill Effluents on the Health and Reproductive Success of Largemouth Bass Micropterus Salmoides written by Maria Sepulveda and published by . This book was released on 2019-05-31 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This study evaluated the reproductive effects of paper mill effluents from a paper mill plant still using chlorine dioxide on adult largemouth bass. Dissertation Discovery Company and University of Florida are dedicated to making scholarly works more discoverable and accessible throughout the world. This dissertation, "Effects of Paper Mill Effluents on the Health and Reproductive Success of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides)" by Maria Soledad Sepulveda, was obtained from University of Florida and is being sold with permission from the author. A digital copy of this work may also be found in the university's institutional repository, IR@UF. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation.

Download or read book Effects of Paper Mill Effluents on the Health and Reproductive Success of Largemouth Bass Micropterus Salmoides written by Maria Soledad Sepulveda and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Water Quality on First year Mortality of Largemouth Bass written by Clarence A. Carlson and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biological Indicators of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress written by S. Marshall Adams and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The main purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive reference and guide relative to the various biological endpoints that can be measured and used to assess the effects of environmental stressors on aquatic organisms, populations, and communities" -- p.3.

Download or read book Predicting the Impacts of Anthropogenic Stress on Aquatic Populations written by Timothy J. Woo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overarching theme of this research was bridging the gap between individual- and population-level effects of anthropogenic stressors under the current paradigm of ecological risk assessment. There is a general dissonance in scales of biological organization and energetic complexity between ecotoxicological studies and the natural environments in need of protection. Traditional toxicity tests assess stressor effects on individuals, while protection goals are generally concerned with the population level and above. Additionally, these tests largely ignore the impacts that the resource environment and the physiological state of a given individual have on toxicological outcomes. As such, the main objective of this research was to explore effects of - and interactions between - resource availability, individual physiology, and stress response at the individual and population levels using Daphnia magna as a model aquatic organism. The research began with an exploration of how manipulations to quantitative and qualitative aspects of the resource environment altered the physiology and stress response of laboratory D. magna. Among the scenarios tested, per capita food level driven by intraspecific competition in density-stressed populations was deemed the most influential on D. magna stress response. Thus, the next study assessed the outcomes of pulse toxicity of the fungicide pyraclostrobin to D. magna populations, with the hypothesis that density-dependent changes in food level per capita at various phases of population growth would result in different population stress responses. Differences in population mortality and recovery were observed at each of four population growth phases. A multi-age acute toxicity study, determining the 48h LC50 for D. magna and pyraclostrobin at three age classes and two food levels, suggested that pyraclostrobin toxicity was food- and size-dependent. Lastly, food- and size-dependent toxicity were incorporated into a bioenergetic modelling framework (DEB-IBM) as an exercise in refining model output of population-level impacts of anthropogenic stressors. In summary, the results of this research demonstrate the importance of considering the resource environment and physiology of individuals when attempting to predict the impacts of anthropogenic stressors on natural populations. While traditional toxicity tests generate general toxicity benchmarks, the use of more 'non-traditional' methods may greatly improve the informative capacity of experiments and the predictive capabilities of energetic models. And as the goal of ecological risk assessment is to protect populations, communities, and ecosystems from anthropogenic stressors, it is important that our methods first be able to robustly bridge the gap between individual- and population-level effects.

Download or read book Terrestrial Ecosystems in a Changing World written by Josep G. Canadell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-10 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the impacts of global change on terrestrial ecosystems. Emphasis is placed on impacts of atmospheric, climate and land use change, and the book discusses the future challenges and the scientific frameworks to address them. Finally, the book explores fundamental new research developments and the need for stronger integration of natural and human dimensions in addressing the challenge of global change.

Download or read book Effects of Pollution on Fish written by Andrew J. Lawrence and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2003-08-15 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of pollution on fisheries and the potential health implications of eating contaminated fish are areas of considerable concern for the fishing and aquaculture communities, government bodies and the general public. Pollution, as well as over fishing, may well be contributory to recent serious declines in global fish stocks. Effects of Pollution on Fish brings together the work of many international experts each of whom have examined the literature on marine and freshwater fish and, where appropriate, invertebrates, to produce comprehensive chapters covering all major aspects of the impacts of pollution on fish and fisheries. The book describes these impacts in detail, from the molecular and sub-cellular level, through organism to population and community levels, and subsequently to socio-economic implications. The editors of this thorough and timely book have drawn together contributions encompassing molecular genetics, biochemistry, physiology, population and community biology, and fishery economics. As such, this important book will be of great use and interest to students and professionals studying and teaching in all those subject areas. Fish biologists, environmental scientists and ecotoxicologists, marine and freshwater ecologists, fisheries managers, aquaculture personnel and fish farmers, as well as fish veterinarians will all find much of great value within this book. Libraries in universities and research establishments concerned with these areas should all have copies of this book on their shelves.

Download or read book Ecological Impacts of Fish Introductions Evaluating the Risk written by Ontario. Fish and Wildlife Branch and published by Peterborough, Ont. : Fish and Wildlife Branch. This book was released on 2000 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ecological Responses to Multiple Stressors in Headwater Streams written by Richard H. Walker and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple stressors are changing the ecology of many ecosystems at an accelerated rate. Quantifying and understanding how stressors, natural and anthropogenic, interact to affect the ecology of freshwater ecosystems is an important research focus. Multiple underlying mechanisms can contribute to observed patterns; therefore, identifying the relative strengths of different mechanistic pathways is necessary for effective management actions. Comparatively few studies have evaluated the interactive effects of multiple stressors or determined the underlying mechanisms driving those patterns, especially in freshwater ecosystems. In this dissertation, I examine the ecological responses and the underlying mechanisms driving responses to multiple stressors in headwater streams, which comprise more that 70% of the stream-channel length across the globe. My dissertation employs a combination of field surveys and laboratory experiments to improve understanding of multiple-stressor interactions in stream ecosystems. I address three research objectives: (i) to evaluate the individual and interactive effects of increased anthropogenic surface disturbance (ASD) associated with oil and natural gas development (ONGD; i.e., all infrastructure on the landscape) and the natural flow regime on stream fishes with different dispersal abilities and tolerances to disturbance (Chapter 1); (ii) to evaluate the individual and interactive effects of increased salinity and temperature on freshwater fish physiology (Chapter 2); and (iii) to evaluate the relative strength of different mechanistic pathways (i.e., habitat, water quality, and food availability) through which ASD could affect different freshwater species (Chapter 3). In Chapter 1, I use repeated-state (i.e., temporal trends in abundance) and rate (i.e., colonization and persistence) responses for populations of two stream fishes over a 7-year period across 64 sites to advance our understanding of flow-ecology relationships in a multiple-stressor framework. Overall, fish abundance, colonization, and persistence declined in association with the individual effect of low flows. The effect of ASD associated with ONGD differed between species, where the abundance of one species declined, while abundance of the other species increased with ASD. We found both synergistic and antagonistic interactions between stream flows and ASD, and in every case the effect of discharge was greatest at sites with more ASD, suggesting that ASD can exacerbate the effect of low flows. In Chapter 2, I combined field surveys and laboratory experiments to evaluate the interactive effects of increased salinity and temperature on the physiological responses of three freshwater fish species. I found that temperature had a greater effect on fish physiology than increased salinity. I also found that when the relationship with salinity was significant, baseline circulating hormones declined with increased salinity. This reduction in baseline hormones allowed individuals to mount a stronger response when exposed to additional stressors (i.e., facilitated stress-reactivity). I predicted that increased salinity and temperature would interact synergistically to affect the physiological responses of fishes because of temperature-dependent chemical toxicity, but I only found simple, additive and antagonistic relationships. Lastly, in Chapter 3, I evaluated the relative strength of multiple mechanistic pathways (i.e., habitat, water quality, and food availability) linking ASD to ecological responses (16 different population and assemblage responses), and found that food availability and water quality were more important mechanistic pathways underlying species responses than substrate heterogeneity, contrasting many other ecological studies. Taken together, my findings suggest that multiple, interacting stressors can affect several levels of ecological organization (i.e., individuals,populations, and assemblages) in complex ways. Therefore, it is important to determine which stressors are present, how they may interact, and at which level of ecological organization they are having the strongest effect. Through a better understanding of multiple-stressor interactions, managers can implement best management practices that would reduce or mitigate the negative effects of anthropogenic surface disturbance on headwater streams, helping to maintain crucial in-stream refuge habitats that promote the resistance and resilience of many sensitive species. And by understanding the specific mechanisms that underlie ecological responses and their relative contributions to ecological change, ecologists and resource managers can strengthen predictive power concerning future stressor interactions to improve management of populations, assemblages, and ecosystems.

Download or read book Effects of Environmental Factors and Sport Fisheries Management Practices on Largemouth Bass Micropterus Salmoides Fluctuations in Abundance in Illinois Inland Lakes written by Ralf Peter Riedel and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessing Sources of Stress to Aquatic Ecosystems written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Establishing causal relationships between sources of environmental stressors and aquatic ecosystem health if difficult because of the many biotic and abiotic factors which can influence or modify responses of biological systems to stress, the orders of magnitude involved in extrapolation over both spatial and temporal scales, and compensatory mechanisms such as density-dependent responses that operate in populations. To address the problem of establishing causality between stressors and effects on aquatic systems, a diagnostic approach, based on exposure-response profiles for various anthropogenic activities, was developed to help identify sources of stress responsible for effects on aquatic systems at ecological significant levels of biological organization (individual, population, community). To generate these exposure-effects profiles, biomarkers of exposure were plotted against bioindicators of corresponding effects for several major anthropogenic activities including petrochemical, pulp and paper, domestic sewage, mining operations, land-development activities, and agricultural activities. Biomarkers of exposure to environmental stressors varied depending on the type of anthropogenic activity involved. Bioindicator effects, however, including histopathological lesions, bioenergetic status, individual growth, reproductive impairment, and community-level responses were similar among many of the major anthropogenic activities. This approach is valuable to help identify and diagnose sources of stressors in environments impacted by multiple stressors. By identifying the types and sources of environmental stressors, aquatic ecosystems can be more effectively protected and managed to maintain acceptable levels of environmental quality and ecosystem fitness.

Download or read book Effects of Anthropogenic Noise on Animals written by Hans Slabbekoorn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past several years, many investigators interested in the effects of man-made sounds on animals have come to realize that there is much to gain from studying the broader literature on hearing sound and the effects of sound as well as data from the effects on humans. It has also become clear that knowledge of the effects of sound on one group of animals (e.g., birds or frogs) can guide studies on other groups (e.g., marine mammals or fishes) and that a review of all such studies together would be very useful to get a better understanding of the general principles and underlying cochlear and cognitive mechanisms that explain damage, disturbance, and deterrence across taxa. The purpose of this volume, then, is to provide a comprehensive review of the effects of man-made sounds on animals, with the goal of fulfilling two major needs. First, it was thought to be important to bring together data on sound and bioacoustics that have implications across all taxa (including humans) so that such information is generally available to the community of scholars interested in the effects of sound. This is done in Chaps. 2-5. Second, in Chaps. 6-10, the volume brings together what is known about the effects of sound on diverse vertebrate taxa so that investigators with interests in specific groups can learn from the data and experimental approaches from other species. Put another way, having an overview of the similarities and discrepancies among various animal groups and insight into the “how and why” will benefit the overall conceptual understanding, applications in society, and all future research.

Download or read book Impacts of anthropogenic stressors on benthic invertebrate and fish assemblages in large rivers in Slovenia written by Miha Knehtl and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Diet Population and Water Temperature on the Stress Response of Angled Largemouth Bass Micropterus Salmoides written by Colin P. Dinken and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Angling practices subject Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides to multiple stressors, causing homeostatic physiological disturbances. The combined effects of ambient and live well temperature on stress responses from exercise have not been thoroughly examined. Large numbers of fish required for stress experiments can be produced by intensive culture, but hatchery fish may differ physiologically from wild fish due to dietary carbohydrates. Therefore, the effects of diet, population, and temperature on stress response and health were examined. Stress responses were similar among fish fed formulated and live diets and liver health improved within 4-6 weeks. Although cortisol responses of hatchery and wild fish differed, secondary stress responses were similar. Fish subjected to simulated angling at temperatures of 17, 25, 33 °C with live well temperature differentials of -4, 0, +4 °C, had the lowest resilience to stress at the warmest temperatures, exhausting energy supplies, coincident with metabolic acidosis and poor ion regulation.