Download or read book The Impact of Relationship and Intrapersonal Factors on Condom Use Among College Students written by Sara K. Fehr and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of two studies. Study one examined relationship factors' impact on condom use among college students. Study two examined perceived barriers and benefits of condom use among college students. Study One AbstractResearch indicates that a number of college students are at risk for HIV, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and unplanned pregnancy as a result of their sexual behaviors. Specific behaviors placing college students at risk include having sex with multiple partners, poor communication about safer sex practices with their sexual partners and not using condoms consistently and correctly when engaging in sexual activity. The purpose of this paper is to identify potential differences in safer sex practices and factors that influence condom use among college students. A four-page, 18-item survey was developed to determine participants' condom use and the impact of relationship status and other demographic factors on condom use. Analyses revealed that the number of lifetime vaginal sexual partners and participants' sex influenced condom use. There were no significant differences in relationship status, duration, trust, honesty and condom use. These findings should be considered with designing interventions to increase condom use among college students. Study Two AbstractDespite the efforts of health professionals, research indicates that a number of college students engage in high risk sexual behaviors including having sex with multiple partners, not discussing safer sex practices with their partners and not regularly using condoms when engaging in sexual activity. These behaviors increase the likelihood that individuals will contract a sexually transmitted disease (STD), HIV or have an unplanned pregnancy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify perceived barriers and perceived benefits to condom use among this population. A four-page, 18-item survey was developed to determine participants' condom use, barriers to condom use, benefits of condom use, and participants' basic knowledge of STDs and safer sex practices. Results indicated the leading barriers to condom use were using condoms reduce pleasure, knowing a partner's sexual history, and condoms limit intimacy. The leading benefits of condom use were condoms prevent pregnancy and STDs, and condoms give the user a feeling of safety. Analyses also determined that the number of vaginal, anal, and oral sexual partners significantly influenced the number of perceived barriers and participants' sex and number of vaginal, anal, and oral sexual partners influenced the number of perceived benefits to condom use. These findings may beneficial to those creating safer sex educational programs aimed at increasing rates of condom use among college students.

Download or read book Factors Influencing the Relationship Between Alcohol Use and Condom Use Among College Students written by Elizabeth Ann Chamberlain and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book What s Romance Got to Do with It written by Senna Lee Towner and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban African American adolescents exhibit high levels of risk behavior, disproportionately high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and are at risk for acquiring Human Immunodefiency Virus (HIV). To date, interventions that address the high rates of STIs in this population demonstrate only moderate efficacy. As researchers strive to develop more effective interventions, social-ecological factors and developmental and gender issues are being considered. This study aimed to provide insight into the gendered characteristics of heterosexual urban African American adolescents' romantic relationships, and how these characteristics impact condom use. From a developmental standpoint, sexuality and romance are a normal part of adolescence. Thus, STI/HIV prevention targeted at urban African American youth can be improved if it considers romantic relationship dynamics, and how they influence sexual health behaviors including condom use. To this end, the current study examined the interconnection among interpersonal relationship factors including monogamy, commitment, trust, and respect, as well as intrapersonal relationship factors including gender and relationship history. Furthermore, this study examined how these inter- and intrapersonal factors impact youths' condom use behaviors. This research was guided by the existing literature, theoretical frameworks (i.e., the ecological perspective on health, Rusbult and Buunk's commitment theory, and Rotenberg and colleagues' trust framework), and the "directed perspective" (i.e., lens theory). A qualitative methodological approach was employed to collect data from 52 heterosexual, sexually experienced, African American adolescents (20 females; 32 males) ranging from 15-17 years in age at the time of enrollment. These youth resided in low-income neighborhoods of two large cities in the United States. Data from semi-structured interviews were analyzed using a phenomenological approach. Data analysis took place in four primary stages including: (a) development of case summaries; (b) development and refinement of codes and a codebook, and organization of data using matrices; (c) content analysis and reliability checks; and (d) reviews and critiques by, and discussions with, other research team members. Numerous themes and subthemes that provide insight into the multifaceted characteristics of urban African American adolescents' romantic relationships emerged. Findings show that study participants' romantic relationships were indeed characterized by gender-specific beliefs and behaviors, but that some beliefs and behaviors were similar across gender. For instance, males and females alike acknowledged positive feelings towards monogamy, trust, and respect, and they considered these dynamics as closely linked. That is, males and females viewed monogamy as indicative of commitment, and monogamous and committed relationships were those that were trusting and respectful. Youths' relationship experiences, however, contradicted their ideals to a great extent. For instance, despite the finding that males held positive perceptions of monogamy, they often engaged in multiple partnerships. This finding that shows young African American males often engage in multiple partnerships corroborates other research. Furthermore, these data provide insight into the social pressures experienced by urban African American males that encourage them to engage in multiple partnerships and remain uncommitted. According to the current findings, males' multiple partnerships set in motion a breakdown in relationship dynamics (i.e., lack of commitment, mistrust, disrespect), and thus youth experienced less-than ideal romantic relationships. Adolescents' less-than ideal experiences subsequently impacted their current and future romantic relationship beliefs and expectations. For instance, because males were frequently non-monogamous, females did not commonly express commitment to or trust in males. Despite this, only a few females talked about breaking up with a partner whom they mistrusted. Males, on the other hand, considered being monogamous and committed when they had negative experiences with being in multiple, uncommitted sexual partnerships. In addition, relationship dynamics, most noticeably trust (although trust was intricately linked to monogamy, commitment, and respect), impacted condom use. Although adolescents considered condom use important, males and females considered not using condoms when they were with a partner whom they trusted was monogamous and free from STIs. Furthermore, some male respondents talked about the need to balance the protection that condoms provided with the pleasure experienced when not using them. With casual and mistrusted partners, safety tended to take precedence; with more serious and trusted partners, pleasure tended to take precedence. Finally, these data elicited gender similarities and differences related to romantic respect perceptions. Across gender, respect was thought to be an important dynamic in romantic relationships, and one closely related to monogamy, commitment, and trust. Because beliefs about respect were interrelated with beliefs about other relationship dynamics that impacted condom use, respect may also impact condom use. The findings of this study suggest that youth have an understanding about how to develop healthy romantic relationships in adolescence and, in turn, healthy romantic relationships in adulthood. That said, respondents had little to no experience with being in healthy relationships. These study findings can help guide future research, and inform sexual health interventions. For example, investigators should explore further males' belief that monogamy is positive, as this belief frequently contradicted their related behavior (i.e., males often had multiple sexual partners). Finally, future interventions, including dyadic-level interventions, should focus on the dynamics of relationships. In doing so, the efficacy of STI/HIV prevention efforts targeted at African American youth may be enhanced.

Download or read book Condom Use Among College Students written by Myron J. Burns and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Examining the Determinants of Condom Use Among African American College Students Attending Predominantly White Institutions written by Natasha Aduloju-Ajijola Aduloju-Ajijola and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African American college students at predominantly White institutions (PWIs) are disproportionally at risk for experiencing negative sexual health outcomes. African Americans between the ages of 18 and 24 are disproportionally affected by unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, which are associated with risky sexual behaviors, including sex without a condom. The risks and stress associated with living at the intersection of both African American risk factors and college risk factors may play a role in the sexual behavior of African American college students. The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of condom use among African American undergraduates at predominantly White Institutions (PWIs). This study used the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to examine the factors that contribute to condom use. An added factor the study examined was the relationship between different types of stress and condom use. The relationship between stress, intention to use condoms, and actual condom use was also investigated. The study employed a cross-sectional design and used surveys to collect data on African American college students between the ages of 18 and 24 years old at PWIs. The survey was disseminated through Qualtrics online survey software. The sample of 202 students engaged in a range of sexual behaviors (vaginal, oral, and anal sex) and had inconsistent condom use during these activities. The study found that constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior, namely intentions and attitudes, were independently significant at predicting condom use. However, the interaction between intentions and overall stress was more significant in predicting condom use among African American college students attending PWIs over the past 30 days. The study findings have promising implications for health education practitioners, university stakeholders, and researchers who are interested in reducing sexual health disparities. Coordinated efforts are needed to reduce the risk factors that contribute to unsafe sexual behaviors among college students, especially among those at greater risk such as African American college students at PWIs.

Download or read book College Women s Condom Use written by Jessica Deborah Salas-Brooks and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current study sought to examine the association between indicators of relationship quality, relational factors, demographic factors, and condom use at last penile-vaginal intercourse among heterosexual female college students (ages 18-22) using logistic regression analyses. Psychometric properties of the following scales were examined using exploratory factor analysis, correlation analyses, and Cronbach's alpha: the modified Perceived Relationship Quality Components Inventory (PRQC) (Fletcher, Simpson, & Thomas, 2000), the revised Sexual Decision-Making Dominance Subscale (Harvey, Bird, Galavotti, Duncan, & Greenberg, 2002), and the Global Measure of Sexual Satisfaction (Lawrance, Byers, & Cohen, 1998). The study utilized a cross-sectional design to administer an anonymous online survey (via Qualtrics) of 799 heterosexual female college students with an average age of 19.87 who were majority Caucasian/White (78.1%). About half of the study participants (N=404) reported not using a male latex condom at last penile-vaginal intercourse. Study findings revealed that as global perceived relationship quality increased, the odds of using condoms at last penile-vaginal intercourse decreased. Additionally, young women who independently (or with their sexual partners) decided when to engage in sexual intercourse were less likely to use a male latex condom at last penile-vaginal intercourse (compared to young women whose partner solely made the decision). Such findings highlight the importance of considering the relational context in which risky sexual behavior (i.e., unprotected sex) occurs.

Download or read book Condom Use in College Students written by Mark A. Simpson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Influence of Year of Study and Relationship Status on Condom Use Among SCSU Students written by Jazmynn Jakubczyk and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wellness Center at Southern Connecticut State University (SCSU) administers a Student Health Survey every two years to a sample of undergraduate students asking questions regarding their overall health. The survey was last administered in the Spring of 2018. The data from the Wellness Center survey showed a 15% decrease in regular condom use among men and a 14% decrease among women at SCSU from 2002 to 2018 (Custom Survey 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018). The existing data suggests exploring the reasons why students are not using condoms as often as previously documented. This cross-sectional research study examined the current sexual behaviors in SCSU students’ self-reported monogamous relationships by using secondary data from the SCSU Wellness Center’s Custom Survey. Specifically, this research aimed to answer two questions: (1) How does year of undergraduate matriculation correlate with condom use among students at SCSU? and (2) How does relationship status (i.e. being in a self-reported monogamous relationship) correlate with condom use among students at SCSU? For the Wellness Center Custom Survey, undergraduate classes were selected and invited to participate in the research through random sampling. Undergraduate students in classes that were selected by the Wellness Center were enrolled in 100-400 level courses at SCSU. A survey was completed by participants and frequencies and percentages were analyzed using cross tabulations and Chi Square analysis. This study found that year of study had a significant influence on condom use among a convenience sample of SCSU students. On the other hand, results indicate that monogamous relationships and gender have little influence on condom use among SCSU students.

Download or read book Exploration of Eight Factors which Contribute to Condom Use Among College Students written by Raymond McClenen and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sexual Health Education in College written by Sesen Negash and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: A two-group randomized experimental study was used to evaluate the impact of sexual negotiation training as compared to standard health education on improving sexual risk outcomes (i.e., condom use, knowledge about a partner's sexual history, and condom use self-efficacy) among college students (n = 183). A repeated measure ANOVA revealed that, compared to those in the comparison group, participants who received sexual negotiation training were significantly more likely to report greater condom use at post-test. Secondly, intentions did not mediate the link between condition and post-test sexual risk outcomes (i.e., condom use and knowledge about a partner's sexual history). Finally, regression analyses examined whether relationship factors (i.e., relationships satisfaction, trust, commitment, communication) predicted sexual risk outcomes among participants in exclusive dating relationships (n = 108). Relationship satisfaction was significantly associated with condom use at post-test among those in exclusive relationships. Overall, the public health implications of these findings warrant attention. Findings from this study illustrate the benefits of sexual negotiation education at improving condom use and call for the development and implementation of sexual negotiation training among college students, an underserved population.

Download or read book An Examination of Condom Use and Meaning in Life in College Students written by Cahryn Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Inconsistent condom use remains a significant problem in the college student population. Although a number of factors have been cited regarding potential explanations for this continuing problem, the relationship with meaning in life has yet to be explored. Meaning in life refers to the theory that humans are driven by a will to find purpose in their lives; those who fail to derive meaning have been cited to engage in a variety of high risk behaviors. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the relationship between condom use and meaning in life. A sample of undergraduate students was administered measures of meaning in life, alcohol consumption, condom use, and current and past sexual behaviors. Correlations suggested that greater alcohol use was related to engaging in sexual activity with more partners, and the individuals reporting sexual activity with a greater number of partners used condoms inconsistently. It was also found that relationship status as monogamous as well as longer relationship duration was associated with less consistent condom use. Correlations additionally suggested that greater reported meaning of life was related to being in a monogamous relationship, relationships of longer duration, and less daily alcohol use. Regression analyses revealed that meaning in life was significant predictor of condom use over the past 60 days above and beyond alcohol use and sexual history. These finding indicate that meaning in life may play a role in the utilization of sexual protection behaviors.

Download or read book Factors Affecting Condom Use Among College Students written by Amar Shireesh Kanekar and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Predicting Condom Use Behavior in Sexually Active Adolescents written by Holli M. Slater and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A significant amount of progress has been made over the past decade to reduce the impact of risky sexual behavior among adolescents; however, rates of unwanted pregnancy and contraction of sexually transmitted infections remain high. Finding ways to mitigate the consequences of risky sexual behavior continues to be a focus of many working with adolescents engaging in risky behavior. This study performed a secondary analysis of data collected during a 5-year evaluation of a teen pregnancy program targeting youth ages 17-19 who were at high risk for dropping out of high school. The goals of this study were two fold: 1) Test the applicability of the Health Belief Model (HBM) for assessing both adolescent intentions to use condoms and condom use behavior, and 2) Assess the moderating effect of the Developmental Assets framework on the relationship between condom use intentions and behavior. Guided by the Health Belief Model framework, factor analyses were conducted to identify the model that best fit the data. This resulted in six factors comprised of 26 items that reflected different aspects of the HBM and predicted 63% of the variance in the model. This was followed by ordinal and logistic regressions to detect the relationship between each of the identified factors and condom use intentions, as well as between each of the identified factors and condom use behavior. The results demonstrated that Partner Efficacy, Interpersonal Barriers - Partner Trust, Structural Barriers - Accessibility, Benefits, and Physical Barriers - Comfort significantly predicted intentions to use condoms. Susceptibility was the only factor that did not produce a significant result for intentions to use condoms. Interpersonal Barriers - Partner Trust, Structural Barriers - Accessibility, and Physical Barriers - Comfort significantly predicted a positive relationship between the factor and condom use behavior. Susceptibility was found to have a significant negative relationship between susceptibility and condom use behavior, while Partner Efficacy and Benefits failed to produce significant results. Ultimately, participants who reported greater intentions to use condoms were more than twice as likely to report using a condom in the past three months. Overall developmental assets scores did not significantly demonstrate a moderating effect on the relationship between intentions and behavior. These findings confirm that the Health Belief Model in the originally hypothesized form did not fit well for this sample; however, the newly identified model demonstrated a stronger fit for this population. The development of a new model guided by the HBM may be more applicable when assessing condom use intentions with academically at-risk adolescents. While some of the factors exhibited limitations, revisions to items, inclusion of new items, and removal of weaker items may lead to an improved model and should be explored. Further examination into the role of the developmental assets should also be assessed. Implications of this study's findings for social work policy, practice and future research are discussed.

Download or read book Sexual Risk Behavior in College Students Does the Parent college Student Relationship Impact Students Condom Use written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: College students are at high risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV⁄AIDS due to the high frequency of unprotected sexual activity (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2003). Condom use research among college aged youth has primarily concentrated on individual decision making processes with some recent focus on the impact of peer norms. To further understand college students' choices regarding sexual risk behavior, the current research examines the influence of the parent-college student relationship on college students' decisions about condom use. Building on previous research in sexual risk and alcohol use literature, the current study examines the role of parent-young adult relationship variables (i.e. facilitation of independence, and affective quality) on condom use. Parental influence has been an important predictor in other areas of college student life but has not been examined in the college student sexual risk literature. Results and implications for future studies are discussed.

Download or read book Predictors of Condom Use Among College Students written by Carolyn AlRoy and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Addressing Sexual Health Among Black College Women written by Cedrina K. Averette and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to affect the lives of many, with African American women being uniquely at risk when compared to women from other racial groups. Black/African American women have a higher proportion of cases at all stages of the virus (CDC, 2016a). The primary form of HIV contraction among this group is by way of heterosexual contact with an at-risk sexual partner. However, Black women may not be fully aware of the potential risks inherit in their sexual relationships. The epidemic calls for approaches, resolutions, and interventions to stop the spread and increase of diagnoses among African American heterosexual women. The primary purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and acceptability of a group-based HIV-prevention intervention for young African American college women (ages 18 to 29). Using the theoretical foundations of Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and the Theory of Gender and Power (TGP), the intervention educated participants about HIV-related information and transmission, taught communication skills related to assertive expression of safer sex practices, and addressed the unique intrapersonal, interpersonal, and contextual factors that impact Black college women. The intervention was culturally specific, gender appropriate, educational, and engaging. In the pilot study, participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental intervention condition or a no-attention control condition. Data on primary and secondary variables were collected at baseline and two months post-intervention to test the main hypothesis that the pilot study was feasible and acceptable among the target population. It was expected that the study would demonstrate that the intervention could be successfully carried out and be undertaken on a larger scale in the future. It was also hypothesized that a pilot version of a sex-risk reduction intervention that is gender-appropriate, culturally-relevant and skill-building would show a trend of increased consistent condom use, condom use self-efficacy, sexual communication, sexual relationship power, condom use intentions, and HIV knowledge (secondary measures) compared to the no-attention control group condition. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Measures of mean and variance including standard deviations (SD) and ranges were used to describe the full range of data at baseline and at follow-up across two conditions and at two time points. The outcome data for this study were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS/Mac version 23.0 for IBM PC/MAC and PS/2, SPSS, Inc., Armonk, NY, 2015). Qualitative data in the form of participant and facilitator feedback were used to analyze intervention feasibility and acceptability. The findings of this pilot study suggest that the delivery of a theoretically-based and culturally-relevant intervention is feasible within a university college setting and that the content of the intervention was accessible to participants. Additionally, there was an overall trend in increased condom use rate regardless of condition placement. In addition, intervention participants reported increased condom use self-efficacy, intention to practice safer sex, relationship control, decision-making dominance and HIV knowledge at follow-up.

Download or read book The Best Intentions written by Committee on Unintended Pregnancy and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-06-16 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts estimate that nearly 60 percent of all U.S. pregnancies--and 81 percent of pregnancies among adolescents--are unintended. Yet the topic of preventing these unintended pregnancies has long been treated gingerly because of personal sensitivities and public controversies, especially the angry debate over abortion. Additionally, child welfare advocates long have overlooked the connection between pregnancy planning and the improved well-being of families and communities that results when children are wanted. Now, current issues--health care and welfare reform, and the new international focus on population--are drawing attention to the consequences of unintended pregnancy. In this climate The Best Intentions offers a timely exploration of family planning issues from a distinguished panel of experts. This committee sheds much-needed light on the questions and controversies surrounding unintended pregnancy. The book offers specific recommendations to put the United States on par with other developed nations in terms of contraceptive attitudes and policies, and it considers the effectiveness of over 20 pregnancy prevention programs. The Best Intentions explores problematic definitions--"unintended" versus "unwanted" versus "mistimed"--and presents data on pregnancy rates and trends. The book also summarizes the health and social consequences of unintended pregnancies, for both men and women, and for the children they bear. Why does unintended pregnancy occur? In discussions of "reasons behind the rates," the book examines Americans' ambivalence about sexuality and the many other social, cultural, religious, and economic factors that affect our approach to contraception. The committee explores the complicated web of peer pressure, life aspirations, and notions of romance that shape an individual's decisions about sex, contraception, and pregnancy. And the book looks at such practical issues as the attitudes of doctors toward birth control and the place of contraception in both health insurance and "managed care." The Best Intentions offers frank discussion, synthesis of data, and policy recommendations on one of today's most sensitive social topics. This book will be important to policymakers, health and social service personnel, foundation executives, opinion leaders, researchers, and concerned individuals. May