Download or read book The Impact of Race and Ethnic Identity on Body Dissatisfaction and Fit Ideal Internalization in College Age Females written by Monica R Dunn and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Body dissatisfaction (BD) negatively impacts health risk behaviors (drug, alcohol use, and self-harm), mental health outcomes (self-esteem, depression, and suicidal ideation) and psychosocial quality of life in females. Most of the research conducted on BD has primarily studied White females and their drive for thinness; this research is limited and less generalizable because it lacks representation of diverse racial populations in the US. A majority of research conducted on BD has been correlated and predicted by the individual's drive for thinness (thin ideal internalization). However, an increasingly prevalent body image issue is the drive to attain an ultra-fit body, characterized by a very toned and lean body, known as the fit ideal internalization. PURPOSE: To assess how race and ethnic identity impacts a woman's internalization of the fit body ideal and BD. METHODS: Female college students between the ages of 18-25 years were recruited to take an online survey. Demographic and body image questionnaires were used. An independent t-test was used to analyze the impact of race on the internalized fit ideal and BD. A linear regression model was used to assess the impact of ethnic identity on the internalized fit ideal and BD. RESULTS: Participants (N = 340; 21.5±1.9 years; 36% Non-White) had an average BMI of 25.1±5.5 kg/m2. After separating the sample by race (White females versus Non-White females), fit ideal internalization (FIIT) and BD was assessed. FIIT is scored from 1 to 5 with higher scores indicating higher FIIT. White females (n=217) scored 3.3 ± 0.7 while Non-White females (n=121) scored 3.1 ± 0.7 (p=.588); thus, there was no significant difference between White and Non-White females on FIIT. Ethnic identity (B=-.023, p=.631) was not shown to significantly influence FIIT; thus, the more a college female identifies with her ethnicity there is no impact of this identity on her internalization of the fit body ideal. BD is scored from 1 to 5 with lower scores indicating higher BD. White females (n=217) scored 3.2 ± 0.7 while Non-White females (n=121) scored 3.3 ± 0.7 (p=.588); thus, there was no significant difference between BD in White versus Non-White females. Ethnic identity (B=.071, p=.127) was not shown to significantly influence body dissatisfaction; thus, the more a college female identifies with her ethnicity there is no impact of this identity on her dissatisfaction with her body. CONCLUSION: FIIT and BD are public health issues that impact women of all races. To address body image issues in women, FIIT must be assessed in clinical settings as it plays a key predictive role on BD. Marketing health and fitness through the attainment of an ultra-fit body type, needs to be re-evaluated as internalization of a fit body ideal has damaging effects on body image of women of all races. To empower a generation of physical health and psychosocial well-being, promoting body positivity is essential.

Download or read book The Impact of Racial Socialization and Racial Identity on Body Dissatisfaction in African American Women College Students written by Desire Shenay Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lack of knowledge exists regarding the sociocultural factors involved in African American women’s experience of body dissatisfaction. This study examined the body image attitudes of African American women through the constructs of racial socialization from family and racial identity. This study was partially exploratory in nature, as few researchers have examined the relation between racial socialization from family and body dissatisfaction. Specifically, this study examined (1) the relationships between endorsement of various racial socialization messages and body dissatisfaction (2) the relationships between racial identity attitudes and body dissatisfaction (3) the role of racial socialization messages and racial identity attitudes in the prediction of body dissatisfaction (4) racial identity attitudes as mediators of the relationship between racial socialization messages and body dissatisfaction. Participants included 187 African American women. The majority of the population was recruited from a large, southwestern, predominantly White university. With regard to racial socialization, results did not support a significant relationship between Protective messages and body dissatisfaction, Coping messages and body dissatisfaction, and Affirmation messages and body dissatisfaction. However, Stereotyping messages were found to be significant and positively related to body dissatisfaction. Results revealed that among racial identity attitudes Pre-Encounter Self-Hatred was significantly and positively related to body dissatisfaction. Findings did not support significant relationships between Pre-Encounter Assimilation, Pre-Encounter Miseducation, Immersion-Emersion Anti-White, Internalization Afrocentric, Internalization Multicultural Inclusive racial identity attitudes and body dissatisfaction. Additionally, Stereotyping messages and Pre-Encounter Self-Hatred were predictive of body dissatisfaction among this sample of African American women. Finally, Pre-Encounter Self-Hatred racial identity attitudes mediated the relationship between Stereotyping messages and body dissatisfaction. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Download or read book The Active Female written by Jacalyn J. Robert-McComb and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-27 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in a revised and expanded third edition, the aims of The Active Female are threefold: first, to increase the awareness of wellness and fitness issues for active females and their family members; second, to provide an avenue for medical practitioners, allied health professionals, health educators/providers, and certified individuals in sports medicine/athletics to gain critical, updated knowledge of a field specific to active females; and third, to introduce the concept of obesity as a growing health concern even for normal weight individuals. Part I of the book offers a foundation for understanding the interrelationships between female physiology, body image and other psychological issues, the female reproductive cycle, and the musculoskeletal anatomy and physiology of females that makes their health risks and concerns unique. In Part II, the concepts of eating disorders from a global perspective and the health disparities and inequities in women’s health are discussed in detail. Part III describes the prevention and management of common musculoskeletal injuries in active females across the lifespan, including the management of osteoporosis. Appropriate exercise and nutritional guidelines and recommendations for active females are discussed in detail in Parts IV and V. Part VI is a new addition to the book and highlights the obesity epidemic and co-morbid diseases associated with obesity even for normal weight obese individuals. Each chapter is bookended by clear learning objectives and review questions for additional pedagogical appeal. An invaluable addition to the literature, The Active Female: Health Issues throughout the Lifespan, 3e will be of great interest to all clinicians and allied health care professionals concerned with women’s health and related issues, from sports medicine and family practitioners to endocrinologists, gynecologists and orthopedic surgeons.

Download or read book Determining Racial Differences in the Predication of College Women s Body Dissatisfaction written by Andrea Lisa Bross and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Examining the Relationship Between Competitiveness and Body Dissatisfaction in African American and Caucasian Women written by Karen Pulliam Egan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To investigate the relationship between body dissatisfaction and dieting peer competitiveness, general competitiveness, and ethnic identity among African American and Caucasian women, online survey data from 165 African American and 178 Caucasian participants were analyzed. Two measures of body dissatisfaction were used, one focusing on the size and shape of specific body parts and one broadening the definition of body dissatisfaction to include variables that have been found to be important in body image of African American women, such as skin complexion, hair texture, and body proportion. Analysis of covariance tests were conducted to assess the effect of race/ethnicity on body dissatisfaction scores while controlling for age, body mass index, household income, number of children, self-esteem, and depression. Caucasian participants had significantly higher adjusted mean scores for body dissatisfaction than African American participants on both measures (Caucasian adj M = 1.431, African American adj M = 1.065; adj M = 1.431, African American adj M = 1.00). Dieting peer competitiveness was a significant predictor of both types of body dissatisfaction for all participants (F(1, 282) = 35.846, p .01); (F(1, 277) = 67.420, p .01)). General competitiveness scores were not a significant predictor of either type of body dissatisfaction for all participants (F(1, 276) = .001, p .05); (F(1, 272) = .485, p .05)). Ethnic identity was a significant predictor of body dissatisfaction as measured by the broader construct ((F(1, 267) = 6.631, p .05); (F(1, 257) = .5.140, p .05)) but not for body dissatisfaction as defined as shape and size of particular body parts ((F(1, 261) = .443, p .05); (F(1, 256) = .002, p .05)). Racial/ethnic differences in body dissatisfaction were found among women ranging in age from 18 to 73 years old. Peer competitiveness focused on body image and eating behaviors was related to body dissatisfaction for African American and Caucasian women while general competitiveness scores were not, adding support to Social Comparison Theory. Ethnic Identity was also found to be related to a broader definition of body dissatisfaction, which included skin complexion and hair texture.

Download or read book Ethnic Differences in Implicit Thin ideal Internalization written by Erica Hart Duran and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Past research indicates that Caucasians hold stronger positive views of ultra-thin body types, have greater body dissatisfaction and greater rates of eating disorders than African Americans. However, a number of studies in the last decade have called into question the significant differences between ethnicities in these areas. Previous studies have focused on explicit measures such as questionnaires and figure ratings scales to arrive at this conclusion. Automatic or implicit measures of attitudes are much less used, though they are superior in their accuracy of instant judgments or opinions that may be difficult for participants to articulate. In the current study, implicit attitudes about thin figures were evaluated using an Implicit Association Test (IAT). Variations on the basic IAT were presented including different concepts related to figures, as well as examples of Caucasian as well as African American figures. Ethnic identity, disordered eating measures, body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness scores were used to assess the relationship between these factors and implicit attitudes. Results suggest that there are no significant differences overall between African American, Caucasian, and Biracial women on implicit views of thin figures, however there are several differences within the IAT types. For instance, IATs presenting attributes related to attractiveness elicit greater D scores than those using general positive and negative concepts. Additionally, both African Americans and Caucasians were more likely to hold internalized thin-ideal associations of "goodness" for thin African Americans than thin Caucasians. Lastly, explicit measures of drive for thinness and problematic eating showed greater disturbances for African Americans relative to the other ethnic groups. Possible explanations and theoretical implications for these findings are discussed. This project contributes to our understanding of how ethno-cultural factors influence internalization of a thin ideal, which in turn maybe be responsible for the onset and maintenance of eating disorders in America.

Download or read book Relationships Among Body Image Dissatisfaction Racial Identity and Racial Socialization in African American Women College Students written by Desire Shenay Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discussion of race within body image research has for many years been a topic of empirical focus. However, remaining still is a lack of knowledge regarding the unique sociocultural factors that are involved in African American women's experience of body and the development of body dissatisfaction. Racial identity and family background may impact Black women's body attitudes. The proposed study is an exploratory investigation of body dissatisfaction in a sample of African American women college students. Specifically, the role of racial identity and the endorsement of racial socialization messages received from family will be examined. Findings will serve to increase understanding of the sociocultural underpinnings of body image among Black women. Racial identity and racial socialization will be tested as potential predictors of body dissatisfaction through hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Racial identity status will be examined as a potential mediator of racial socialization and body dissatisfaction.

Download or read book Impacts of Race ethnicity and Self esteem on Body Dissatisfaction in Women written by Kristie Vail Schultz and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, there is a push for individuals to be of a particular size, and for women, that ideal size is extremely thin (Katzmarzyk & Davis, 2001). Overall, females indicate a greater drive for thinness and put more emphasis on weight and shape salience than do men (Anderson & Bulik, 2001), and they prefer a less muscular body type than men as well (Oehlhof, Musher-Eizenman, Neufeld, & Hauser, 2009). Among women, Caucasian females report more body dissatisfaction than do African American women (e.g., Kelly et al., 2011). Body dissatisfaction can be influenced by many factors; in addition to gender and race/ethnicity, those factors can include low self-esteem and high body mass index (Wojtowicz & von Ranson, 2012). This study further examines the relationship among the factors that potentially predict body dissatisfaction. 295 undergraduate females, from age 18 to age 25, participated in an online survey, in which five measures were administered. This study examines the relationship between body dissatisfaction and global self-esteem across ethnicities, in addition to exploring the impacts of race/ethnicity, body mass index, global self-esteem, contingent self-esteem, and need to belong on body dissatisfaction.

Download or read book Exploration of Ideal Body Image Among African American Women written by Shannon D. Nickens and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Body image dissatisfaction is a pervasive problem, most notably among women, that is neither well understood nor well defined. Inconsistent and overly narrow definitions of body image make it difficult to draw conclusions regarding the degree and type of dissatisfaction across cultural and/or various ethnic groups. Thus far, research has largely focused on size, shape, and weight concerns, ignoring physical features that may be salient to women belonging to non-Caucasian ethnic groups. This study explored African-American (AA) preferences for weight, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and salient physical appearance attributes, as well as their identification with the "thin" ideal, racial identity salience, and physical racial identity. Participants were 119 AA women and 39 Caucasian women recruited from the St. Louis metropolitan area. Participants' actual and ideal physical attributes, current perceived WHR and weight, ideal WHR and weight, and reactions to the WHR and weight assessment task were assessed and examined in relation to ethnic group membership, endorsement of racial identity, identification with the "thin" ideal, and identification with traditional African physical attributes. Results indicate that AA women reported less discrepancy between their actual-own body image ideal and more ethnic specific features (ESF) as actual traits, but not as ideal traits. There was a negative relationship between internalization of the thin ideal and acceptance of African physical features, but acceptance of African physical features was not related to the number of ESF reported. The salience of race for self-identity was positively related to the number of ESF reported as representative of the cultural ideal only. Although a significant interaction between physical racial identity and internalization of the thin ideal was found, further analyses did not support the hypothesized moderation effect. Finally, AA participants reported less of a discrepancy between their perceived current and ideal weight, but not WHR, and reported more concerns with the WHR/FRS measure than the Caucasian participants. The present study lends support to the differences in salient physical characteristics across ethnic groups. Strategies to increase understanding and completion of the measures, further examine relationships among racial identification and body image measures, and improve reliability of findings are discussed.

Download or read book A Dual Dilemma written by Sarah J. Javier and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine what factors contribute to and result from body dissatisfaction using the theoretical framework of the Tripartite Model of Influence, which included family, peer, and media influence. Participants were recruited from SONA and student organizations and participated in an online survey (N =148). A MANCOVA indicated that Asian and White females did not differ in body dissatisfaction and other health outcomes. Thin-ideal internalization mediated the relationships between media influence, peer influence, and body dissatisfaction among Asian American females. Moderation analyses indicated that ethnic identity, Asian American identity, and acculturation did not moderate the relationship between the three tripartite influences and body dissatisfaction. Finally, a series of multiple regressions indicated that body dissatisfaction significantly predicted disordered eating, cosmetic surgery endorsement, and cigarette use among Asian Americans. Findings suggest that Asian American body dissatisfaction may be more related to Western influence than current literature shows.

Download or read book Ethnicity and Acculturation as Moderators of the Relationship Between Media Exposure Awareness and Thin ideal Internalization in African American Women written by Keisha Denythia Henry and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The moderating effects of ethnicity and acculturation on three relationships: media exposure and awareness of sociocultural appearance norms, awareness of social ideals and thin-ideal internalization, and thin-ideal internalization and body dissatisfaction were examined. European American students and African American participants from both predominantly White and historically Black colleges and universities completed measures of media exposure, awareness of socicultural attitudes towards appearance, internalization of appearance norms, body dissatisfaction, and acculturation. The LISREL 8.5 program was used to perform structural modeling analysis using the Satorra-Bentler scaled chi-square and associated robust standard errors to test the relationship between ethnic groups. The results support previous findings regarding the mediational effect of internalization on the relationship between awareness and body dissatisfaction, and also provided evidence for the relationship between media exposure and awareness of sociocultural norms. The relationship between media exposure and awareness, and awareness and internalization were similar for both groups, while relationship between internalization and body dissatisfaction was stronger for European American women than for African American women. These results indicate ethnicity may serve to protect some women against the development of eating disorder symptoms, as well as the role of acculturation as a moderator between media exposure and awareness and between internalization and body dissatisfaction in African American women.

Download or read book Visible Racial ethnic Identity and Womanist Identity as Predictors of Body Image and Eating Concerns Among Asian American College Women written by Dara Querimit and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sociocultural Predictors of Self esteem and Body Image Satisfaction in Black Female College Students written by Isabelle Madeleine Elisha and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Moderating Effects of Perfectionism and Ethnic Identity on the Relationship Between Sociocultural Pressure and Body Dissatisfaction written by Nicole M. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of body image research within the last two decades has been on the relationship between sociocultural pressure to be thin and body dissatisfaction. Body dissatisfaction has become an increasingly prevalent problem in Western society as women are becoming increasingly displeased with their body size (Grabe & Hyde, 2006). Sociocultural pressure has been shown to be lead to increased drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and eating pathology (Levine et al., 1994). While these findings have been consistently shown in Caucasian females, research with African American female samples has found inconsistent results. Research has generally argued that Caucasian females experience greater body dissatisfaction and eating pathology than African Americans (Akan & Grilo, 1995; Crago et al., 1996) and that African Americans are less affected by sociocultural pressure to be thin (Schooler et al., 2004). There may be other variables that would enhance our understanding of these relationships among African American women. The purpose of this research was to examine the mediational influences of body dissatisfaction on the relationship between sociocultural pressure and eating pathology and the moderational influences of perfectionism and ethnic identity on the relationship between sociocultural pressure and body dissatisfaction. Participants were 100 undergraduate or graduate African American females enrolled at a private or public college or university. Following informed consent, participants completed the following questionnaires: a demographic data sheet, the Perceived Sociocultural Pressure Scale (Stice & Bearman, 2001), the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS; Brown et al., 1990; Cash, 2000), the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS; Hewitt & Flett, 1991), the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS; Frost et al., 1990), the Multi-group Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM; Phinney, 1992; Roberts et al., 1999), and the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS; Stice et al., 2000; Stice et al., 2004). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to test the hypothesized mediational and moderational pathways. Results suggest that body satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between sociocultural pressure and eating pathology. Self-oriented perfectionism moderated the relationship between sociocultural pressure and body satisfaction. When sociocultural pressure was reconceptualized as sociocultural pressure from the media and sociocultural pressure from peers and family, self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism moderated the relationship between sociocultural pressure from the media and body satisfaction. Implications of these findings for future research and clinical practice are discussed.

Download or read book Social Comparison Ethnicity Body Image and Media Exposure to Thin ideal Models written by Cortney Soderlind Warren and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social comparison theory offers a useful conceptual framework to understand how mainstream American sociocultural values of appearance may shape the development of body image disturbance and eating disorders. Some experimental research demonstrates that women report significantly greater increases in negative affect and body image disturbance and decreases in self-esteem after viewing thin models than after viewing inanimate objects, normal-weight models, and overweight women. The main goal of this study was to investigate whether the effects of viewing thin models are influenced by the ethnicity of the observer and/or the ethnic and racial similarity of the model to the observer. In addition, the study tested the extent to which social comparison tendency, trait appearance evaluation, ethnic identity, and racial identity may moderate these effects. In study 1, women rated the race, attractiveness, and thinness of a group of ethnically diverse models. Study 2 assessed affect, self-esteem, and body image in Euro-American (n = 105), African-American (n = 91), and Latina (n = 111) women before and after viewing ethnically self-similar models, self-different models, or control images. Results indicated that ethnic similarity between model and participants influenced affect such that increased social comparison tendency in Latina participants predicted increased negative affect after viewing Latina models. Additionally, the type of media images viewed and proposed moderators influenced affect and body image. As predicted, positive appearance evaluation was more strongly associated with positive feelings about one0́9s weight after viewing models and, in African-American and Latina women, increased idealization of Whiteness was associated with decreased positive feelings regarding one0́9s weight after viewing White models. Unexpectedly, increased social comparison tendency was associated with increased positive affect after viewing African-American models whereas increased social comparison tendency was associated with less positive affect after viewing Latina models. Finally, independent of media exposure, African-American women reported higher appearance-based self-esteem and body image than Euro-American and Latina women and increased social comparison tendency, decreased positive appearance evaluation, decreased ethnic identity, and increased racial identity idealizing Whiteness were each associated with undesirable levels of self-esteem and body image. Clinical implications and directions for future research are provided.

Download or read book The Impact of Feminist Identity Development on the Internalization of Sociocultural Pressures and Body Dissatisfaction written by Jill R. Klotzman and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between perceived sociocultural pressures and internalization of the thin ideal and to determine whether or not high levels of feminist identity development moderate this relationship. The study also investigated the relationship between internalization of the thin ideal and body dissatisfaction and whether or not high levels of feminist identity development moderated the relationship. Two multiple hierarchical regression analyses were performed using data collected from a female undergraduate student sample (N=403) from Wright State University. These data were derived from a survey containing the Perceived Sociocultural Pressure Scale (PSPS; Stice & Argas, 1998), the Body Stereotype Scale-Revised (IBSS-R; Stice, Marti, Spoor, Presnell, & Shaw, 2008), the Body Areas Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BASS-R; Petrie, Tripp, & Harvey, 2002), and the Feminist Identity Development Scale (FIDS; Bargad & Hyde, 1991). Findings showed that while pressures and internalization and internalization and body dissatisfaction were significantly and positively correlated, high levels of feminist identity development did not moderate the strength of these relationships. The findings of this study indicate that future research is necessary to pinpoint specific aspects of feminist identity that may serve to protect women from internalization and/or the development of body dissatisfaction. Furthermore, this study highlighted that further research is necessary in order to better understand how and why women with higher levels of feminist identity development tend to perceive more sociocultural pressure to be thin than their less feminist counterparts.