Download or read book The Impact of Parenting on Susceptibility to Peer Influence written by Zhiyong Yang and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The influence from peers is viewed as the most important factor that causes substance use among teenagers (e.g., Akers et al. 1979; Kandel 1996). Among a variety of preventive factors, certain aspects of parenting (e.g., parental responsiveness, psychological control) are believed to affect adolescents' susceptibility to negative peer influence. These studies have produced some intriguing findings. Nonetheless, three significant gaps remain in the literature. First, previous research of parent-peer linkages has exclusively focused on deviance behaviors. We know little about how parental practices may affect adolescents' susceptibility to peer influence (SPI) on consumer choices. Second, past studies have mainly examined the direct effects of parenting on negative peer pressure, while the process by which parents affect peer relationships remains an area that to date has been underexplored. Lastly, interpersonal influence is inherently a cultural process. Despite the importance of culture as a contextual factor, there has been little academic research on the topic of SPI in a cross-cultural setting. The purpose of this research is to fill these gaps by further explicating parental influences on SPI. Different from previous studies, we will examine parent-peer linkages not only from the angle of negative peer pressure, but also from a more general perspective to study peer influence on purchasing patterns. More importantly, we will investigate not only the direct effects of relevant parent practices on SPI per se, but also the mediated effects of parenting on SPI through the adolescent self-concept. In addition, we will extend the proposed parent-self-peer paradigm developed in Western cultures to Eastern cultures, in order to investigate the moderating role of culture on the proposed relationships among parenting dimensions, key elements of self, and SPI. In Study 1, triadic data from 109 English-Canadian families was collected to verify the proposed parent-self-peer model in the Western context. Consistent with our expectations, results revealed that the effects of parental responsiveness on SPI were fully mediated by key aspects of self-concept, including interdependent self-construal, self-esteem, and self-monitoring. Since Study 1 was cross-sectional and could not verify the causality proposed in our framework, we conducted Study 2 to determine the causal directions of the parent-self-peer relationships through a longitudinal analysis of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) data. Findings of the longitudinal analysis largely supported our assumption that parenting dimensions are more likely to be the antecedents of peer influence than conversely. In Study 3, we gathered 1,142 sets of family triadic data from mainland China and selected a part of the sample (n = 216) to test the hypothesized moderating effects of culture on the parent-self-peer linkages. Cross-cultural similarities as well as differences were found in this study. Specifically, in both cultures, parental responsiveness tended to be negatively associated with SPI, while psychological control tended to be positively associated with it. The magnitudes of these relationships and the way through which parents affect SPI, however, were different across the English-Canadian and the Chinese samples. These findings are broadly supportive of our hypotheses. Theoretical and managerial implications to the literature will also be discussed.
Download or read book Parent adolescent Relationships written by Brian K. Barber and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ten chapters that make up this volume not only cover a broad range of key substantive issues in adolescent research (e.g., ego, development, identity formation, self-esteem, pubertal development, cognitive development, deviant behavior, religiosity, and academic achievement), but as a whole they illustrate some of the key theoretical and methodological trends occuring in parent-adolescent research. Several of the chapters consider the interface between components of the family environment (e.g., the marital and parental systems) or between the family and other social contexts (e.g., peers, school, religion). Methodologically, this set of chapters give an interesting sampling of the variability in design and data analysis used in parent-adolescent studies. Designs include both cross-sectional and longitudinal survey, observation, and case study. This volume should be useful to scholars, graduate students, and professionals interested in adolescent development and behavior in the context of the family and other social environments.
Download or read book Understanding Peer Influence in Children and Adolescents written by Mitchell J. Prinstein and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2008-05-13 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists, educators, and parents of teens have long recognized the potency of peer influences on children and youth, but until recently, questions of how and why adolescents emulate their peers were largely overlooked. This book presents a comprehensive framework for understanding the processes by which peers shape each other's attitudes and behavior, and explores implications for intervention and prevention. Leading authorities share compelling findings on such topics as how drug use, risky sexual behavior, and other deviant behaviors "catch on" among certain peer groups or cliques; the social, cognitive, developmental, and contextual factors that strengthen or weaken the power of peer influence; and the nature of positive peer influences and how to support them.
Download or read book Parenting Matters written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.
Download or read book Adolescent Problem Behavior written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between negative parent-adolescent relationships and problem behavior, such as substance use and delinquency, has been validated through research in several ways, often citing increased peer influence and perceptions about peers’ involvement in problem behavior as potential contributing factors. The current study examined perceived peer conduct and resistance to peer influence as moderators in the relationship between parent-adolescent relationship quality and delinquency. Twenty-nine participants were referred by school administrators as part of a substance use intervention program. Participants were given questionnaires to measure parent-adolescent relationship quality, delinquency, perceived peer conduct, and resistance to peer influence. Conditional process analysis was used to test the hypothesis that the relationship between parent-adolescent relationship quality and adolescent problem behavior would be moderated by susceptibility to peer influence and perceptions of peer conduct. The overall model was significant; however, there were no significant direct effects of parent-adolescent relationship quality on problem behavior, perceived peer behavior on problem behavior, or susceptibility to peer influence on problem behavior. Correlational analyses revealed a significant correlation between problem behavior and perceived peer behavior. Therefore, the lack of significant direct effects may be explained by the study being under powered. The model proposed in this study should be further researched with a larger number of participants. An implication of this research is that delinquency is associated with perceptions of peer delinquency, which is consistent with past research. This information should be considered in the development of treatment interventions in order to prevent or decrease negative outcomes for adolescents involved with delinquent peers.
Download or read book Handbook of Parenting written by Marc H. Bornstein and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005-02-16 with total page 1599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised and expanded from four to five volumes, this new edition of the Handbook of Parenting appears at a time that is momentous in the history of parenting. Parenting and the family are today in a greater state of flux, question, and redefinition than perhaps ever before. We are witnessing the emergence of striking permutations on the theme of parenting: blended families, lesbian and gay parents, and teen versus fifties first-time moms and dads. One cannot but be awed on the biological front by technology that now not only renders postmenopausal women capable of childbearing, but also presents us with the possibility of designing babies. Similarly on the sociological front, single parenthood is a modern day fact of life, adult child dependency is on the rise, and parents are ever less certain of their own roles, even in the face of rising environmental and institutional demands that they take increasing responsibility for their offspring. The Handbook of Parenting concerns itself with: *different types of parents--mothers and fathers, single, adolescent, and adoptive parents; *basic characteristics of parenting--behaviors, knowledge, beliefs, and expectations about parenting; *forces that shape parenting--evolution, genetics, biology, employment, social class, culture, environment, and history; *problems faced by parents--handicap, marital difficulties, drug addiction; and *practical concerns of parenting--how to promote children's health, foster social adjustment and cognitive competence, and interact with school, legal, and public officials. Contributors to the Handbook of Parenting have worked in different ways toward understanding all these diverse aspects of parenting, and all look to the most recent research and thinking in the field to shed light on many topics every parent wonders about. Each chapter addresses a different but central topic in parenting; each is rooted in current thinking and theory, as well as classical and modern research in that topic; each has been written to be read and absorbed in a single sitting. In addition, each chapter follows a standard organization, including an introduction to the chapter as a whole, followed by historical considerations of the topic, a discussion of central issues and theory, a review of classical and modern research, forecasts of future directions of theory and research, and a set of conclusions. Of course, contributors' own convictions and research are considered, but contributions to this new edition present all major points of view and central lines of inquiry and interpret them broadly. The Handbook of Parenting is intended to be both comprehensive and state of the art. As the expanded scope of this second edition amply shows, parenting is naturally and closely allied with many other fields.
Download or read book Peer Pressure in Adolescence written by Marija Lebedina Manzoni and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peers are important element in adolescent socialization; their influence increases with the age of children, and decreases with the acquiring of independence from parents and forming an individual identity. Early adolescence is a period in which peer pressure is strongest. The aim of this research is to examine the susceptibility to peer pressure in adolescence, its relationship with some adolescents' characteristics (self perception, anxiety, depression, attachment to peers) and parental behaviour. Sample consisted of 938 adolescents from four cities in Croatia, ages 12 to 18. In all aspects boys perceived themselves as more susceptible to peer pressure than girls. Those who are more susceptible to peer pressure show higher levels of emotional problems, more difficulties developing secure relationships with others, which is related to higher social anxiety (i.e. fear of rejection and abandonment) in peer relations, and lower global self-worth. The second set of variables which makes difference among adolescents with high and low susceptibility to peer pressure denotes parenting behaviours with positive parenting as a crucial discriminative factor.
Download or read book The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Child Development written by Brian Hopkins and published by . This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 993 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated and expanded to 124 entries, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Child Development remains the authoritative reference in the field.
Download or read book Family Peer Relationships written by Ross D. Parke and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1992, this volume provided an up-to-date overview of recent research concerning the links between family and peer systems. Considerable work in the past had focused on family issues or peer relationships, but these systems had typically been considered separately. This volume bridges the gap across these two important socialization contexts and provides insights into the processes that account for the links across the systems – the ways in which the relationships between these systems shift across development. In addition, the variations in the links between family and peers are illustrated by cross-cultural work, studies of abused children, and research on the impact of maternal depression. In short, the volume provides not only a convenient overview of recent progress at the time but lays out an agenda for future research.
Download or read book Companions in Crime written by Mark Warr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-02-18 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Criminologists often allude to 'peer influence' in explanations of crime and delinquency, but the meaning of that concept rarely receives careful attention. Companions in Crime organizes the extensive literature on peer influence and group delinquency into a coherent form for the first time. Chapters focus on the role of peers over the life course, the group nature of delinquent behavior, and the applicability of peer influence for explaining the major features of delinquent behavior. The most extensive chapter of the book examines possible mechanisms of peer influence and the evidence in favor of each. The principal thesis of Companions in Crime is that deviant behavior is predominantly social behavior, and criminologists must eventually determine the significance of that fact.
Download or read book Reforming Juvenile Justice written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescence is a distinct, yet transient, period of development between childhood and adulthood characterized by increased experimentation and risk-taking, a tendency to discount long-term consequences, and heightened sensitivity to peers and other social influences. A key function of adolescence is developing an integrated sense of self, including individualization, separation from parents, and personal identity. Experimentation and novelty-seeking behavior, such as alcohol and drug use, unsafe sex, and reckless driving, are thought to serve a number of adaptive functions despite their risks. Research indicates that for most youth, the period of risky experimentation does not extend beyond adolescence, ceasing as identity becomes settled with maturity. Much adolescent involvement in criminal activity is part of the normal developmental process of identity formation and most adolescents will mature out of these tendencies. Evidence of significant changes in brain structure and function during adolescence strongly suggests that these cognitive tendencies characteristic of adolescents are associated with biological immaturity of the brain and with an imbalance among developing brain systems. This imbalance model implies dual systems: one involved in cognitive and behavioral control and one involved in socio-emotional processes. Accordingly adolescents lack mature capacity for self-regulations because the brain system that influences pleasure-seeking and emotional reactivity develops more rapidly than the brain system that supports self-control. This knowledge of adolescent development has underscored important differences between adults and adolescents with direct bearing on the design and operation of the justice system, raising doubts about the core assumptions driving the criminalization of juvenile justice policy in the late decades of the 20th century. It was in this context that the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) asked the National Research Council to convene a committee to conduct a study of juvenile justice reform. The goal of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach was to review recent advances in behavioral and neuroscience research and draw out the implications of this knowledge for juvenile justice reform, to assess the new generation of reform activities occurring in the United States, and to assess the performance of OJJDP in carrying out its statutory mission as well as its potential role in supporting scientifically based reform efforts.
Download or read book Children s Health the Nation s Wealth written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-10-18 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children's health has clearly improved over the past several decades. Significant and positive gains have been made in lowering rates of infant mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases and accidental causes, improved access to health care, and reduction in the effects of environmental contaminants such as lead. Yet major questions still remain about how to assess the status of children's health, what factors should be monitored, and the appropriate measurement tools that should be used. Children's Health, the Nation's Wealth: Assessing and Improving Child Health provides a detailed examination of the information about children's health that is needed to help policy makers and program providers at the federal, state, and local levels. In order to improve children's health-and, thus, the health of future generations-it is critical to have data that can be used to assess both current conditions and possible future threats to children's health. This compelling book describes what is known about the health of children and what is needed to expand the knowledge. By strategically improving the health of children, we ensure healthier future generations to come.
Download or read book Handbook of Moral Development written by Melanie Killen and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-07-26 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Moral Development is the definitive source of theory and research on the origins and development of morality in childhood and adolescence. It explores morality as fundamental to being human and enabling individuals to acquire social norms and develop social relationships that involve cooperation and mutual respect. Since the publication of the second edition, groundbreaking approaches to studying moral development have invigorated debates about how to conceptualize and measure morality in childhood and adolescence. The contributors of this new edition grapple with these questions from different theoretical perspectives and review cutting-edge research. The handbook, edited by Melanie Killen and Judith G. Smetana, includes chapters on parenting and socialization, values, emergence of prejudice and social exclusion, fairness and access to resources, moral reasoning and children’s rights, empathy, and prosocial behaviors. Morality is discussed in the context of families, peers, schools, and culture. Thoroughly updated and expanded, the third edition features new chapters on the following: Morality in infancy and early childhood Cognitive neuroscience perspectives on moral development Social responsibility in the context of social and racial justice Conceptions of economic and societal inequalities Stereotypes, bias, and discrimination Victimization and bullying in peer contexts Reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of the study of moral development, this edition contains contributions from sixty scholars in developmental science, social neuroscience, comparative and evolutionary psychology, and education, representing research conducted around the world. This book will be essential reading for scholars, educators, and students who are in the field of moral development, as well as social scientists, public health experts, and clinicians who are concerned with children and development.
Download or read book Handbook of Adolescent Psychology written by Richard M. Lerner and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This multidisciplinary handbook, edited by the premier scholars in the field, reflects the empirical work and growth in the field of adolescent psychology.
Download or read book Adolescent Boys written by Niobe Way and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A look at diverse boys across American cultures.
Download or read book Peer Pressure written by Lorraine Savage and published by Greenhaven Publishing LLC. This book was released on 2009-05-29 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This must-have volume explores the issues surrounding peer pressure. It presents diversity of opinion on the topic, including both conservative and liberal points of view in an even balance. The sequences of essays guides readers through topics such as brain development, eating and exercise, popularity, parents, individuality, drugs and alcohol, and teacher influence in relation to peer pressure. Do sturdier brain networks help children resist peer pressure? Can organized activities deter negative peer pressure? Readers find answers to questions like these in this guidebook.
Download or read book An Ecological Analysis of Peer Influence on Adolescent Academic Achievement and Delinquency written by Nina Susette Mounts and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
