Download or read book The Impact of Networks on Unemployment written by J. M. Hurst and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-12 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates why networks, some with joined-up governance remits, appeared ineffective in handling neighbourhood unemployment even in periods when the national unemployment levels dropped. It deploys a multi-theoretical and methodological framework to investigate this empirical puzzle, and to test and analyse the causal factors influencing network outcomes. Chapters examine network concepts, network theories, outcome indicators, the historical infrastructure and management of unemployment policy, and governing network trends in post-war urban regeneration interventions. Comparative network case studies offer empirical evidence and a high degree of local variation. Mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative approaches), including social network analysis, uncover formal and informal networks, and eighty-six interviews in two English local authorities with persistent unemployment, give voice to network practitioner experiences. Findings explain why sub-optimal network outcomes prevail and operational difficulties persist on the ground. Students and academics, professionals and activists can use the results to challenge network governance theories and the policy status-quo.

Download or read book Immigrant Birthcountry Networks and Unemployment Duration written by Kusum Mundra and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from the CPS this paper examines the role of birth-country networks on immigrants' unemployment duration from 2001 to 2013. We find that networks significantly lower unemployment duration for all immigrants. Varying the effect of networks over duration categories we find that networks are more effective in lowering duration for immigrants unemployed for 1-2 months than immigrants who are unemployed for longer periods and this effect is further strengthened during the post recession period. This supports the Calvo-Armengol and Jackson hypothesis which posits that longer the agent is unemployed, less effective are her social networks in job search. Our findings are robust to different specifications.

Download or read book Transitions Out of Unemployment written by Andrea Mario Lavezzi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we study the effects of job contact networks on out?of?unemployment transitions. We find that social connections produce sizable increases in upward mobility from unemployment and, caeteris paribus, symmetric network topologies perform better than asymmetric ones. Furthermore, in scale?free networks the probability of transitions out of unemployment increases in the exponent of the power?law degree distribution, but its value is much lower than the one attainable in Poisson random networks. In addition, and most interestingly, these results strongly depends on the different hypotheses on the firms' recruitment strategy.

Download or read book Jobless Citizens written by Marco Giugni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-22 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines patterns of political engagement of long-term unemployed youth. The authors show how unemployment affects the personal, social, and political life of young people. Focusing on the case of Geneva in Switzerland, the study shows the importance of socioeconomic, relational, psychological, and institutional resources for the political engagement of unemployed youth. The book shows specifically how the relationship between unemployment and the political engagement of unemployed youth is mediated by a number of factors: their socioeconomic status and more generally their individual background, their level of deprivation and the associated degree of subjective well-being; the social capital that unemployed youth draw from involvement in voluntary associations and interpersonal networks and relations, and the political learning stemming from interactions with welfare institutions and their perception of such interactions. Students and scholars in areas including Sociology, Political Science, Economics, Youth Studies and Social Policy will find this study of interest.

Download or read book Group Formation in Economics written by Gabrielle Demange and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-01-10 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broad and diverse ranges of activities are conducted within and by organized groups of individuals, including political, economic and social activities. These activities have become a subject of intense interest in economics and game theory. Some of the topics investigated in this 2005 collection are models of networks of power and privilege, trade networks, co-authorship networks, buyer-seller networks with differentiated products, and networks of medical innovation and the adaptation of new information. Other topics are social norms on punctuality, clubs and the provision of club goods and public goods, research and development and collusive alliances among corporations, and international alliances and trading agreements. While relatively recent, the literature on game theoretic studies of group formation in economics is already vast. This volume provides an introduction to this important literature on game-theoretic treatments of situations with networks, clubs, and coalitions, including some applications.

Download or read book Strengths of the Social Safety Net in the Great Recession written by Christopher J. O'Leary and published by W.E. Upjohn Institute. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors in this book use administrative data from six states from before, during, and after the Great Recession to gauge the degree to which Supplemental Nutrition Assistance (SNAP) and Unemployment Insurance (UI) interacted. They also recommend ways that the program policies could be altered to better serve those suffering hardship as a result of future economic downturns.

Download or read book Is Unemployment a Consequence of Social Interactions written by Andreia Tolciu and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article aims to summarize the existing body of literature on social interactions and their effect on individual unemployment status. Two directions of the ongoing research are analyzed: the impact of social norms on unemployment and the importance of social networks in the job search process. Pointing out that the difficulties encountered in research are largely, but not entirely, the result of data constraints, this article assumes that the roots of the problems exhibited by current research might be found in the lack of common approaches among economists and other social scientists. In line with these ideas, there are two main strategies which could lead to a more accurate demonstration of the fact that group memberships plays an important role in the determination of individual economic outcomes. The first one concerns both the necessity of testing the viability of assumptions including more qualitative variables, as well as the need of supplementing the existing research with new inquiries regarding labor market outcomes of individuals. The second one, representing the core idea of the paper, requires that statistical, quantitative evidence should be combined in the future with qualitative studies and experiments. -- social interactions ; social norms ; work norms ; regional unemployment ; social networks ; subjective well-being

Download or read book The impact of new communication technology on unemployment and the portrayal of women in the media written by Caroline Mutuku and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-06-22 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2018 in the subject Economics - Job market economics, grade: 1.2, , language: English, abstract: The paper will discuss the impact of new communication technology on unemployment and the increased gender inequality and women portrayal in the media. Currently, there is a renewed concern regarding the technological advancement that is feared that it may displace much of workforce and consequently create widespread unemployment, human hardship, and social disruption. Some economists have advanced the argument that government must act to avert the loss of jobs that are likely to be replaced by technology. Opposition to technology stems from a lack of understanding of the economic usefulness of technology. The contribution of technology to economic development can only be realized if the new technology is diffused and applied. Diffusion results from the individual’s decisions in exploitation of the new technology.

Download or read book Network Effects and the Black White Wage Gap written by Gergely Horvath and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the impact of segregation in social networks on the disparities in labor market outcomes between Black and White workers. We provide a dynamic search and matching model of the labor market where we incorporate two kinds of network effects: i) job finding through social contacts and ii) transmission of work norms by network neighbors. When considering the first type of network effect, an increase in the level of social segregation leads to higher unemployment rates and lower wages for both the Black and White worker groups. At the same time, inter-group disparities increase, however, social segregation can account for only a negligible share of the Black-White residual wage gap.When studying the norm transmission role of social networks, the model is able to explain the whole residual wage gap, however, predicts a negative relationship between the level of social segregation and the wage gap, which contradicts the empirical evidence. We show that combining the two kinds of network effects can account for both the empirically observed magnitude of the Black-White wage gap and it's increasing pattern in the level of social segregation. We use this latter model version to study the impact of policy changes on the inter-group inequality.

Download or read book Women on Probation and Parole written by Merry Morash and published by UPNE. This book was released on 2010 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first in-depth comparative look at gender-responsive versus traditional probation and parole for women

Download or read book Employment Relations as Networks written by Bernd Brandl and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-07-15 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional approaches in the wide field of employment relations focused on a small and clearly delineated set of actors, such as trade unions and employers’ organizations, operating within the constraints given by formal, nationally confined institutions. It is becoming increasingly clear that traditional approaches are insufficiently able to account for employment relations processes and outcomes in a world wherein formal institutions are being rapidly transformed and partially dissolved, national boundaries become porous, and the sheer number of actors involved is increasing substantially. A shift in perspective is necessary, past the nationally bounded actor-institution dichotomy, towards an understanding of employment relations as fundamentally mediated by complex and emergent networks that connect a multitude of actors within and between countries. ? This volume provides a seminal starting point for such a paradigm shift by applying theories and methodologies from social network analysis to the study of employment relations. It develops a theoretical toolkit of mechanisms that operate within networks and shape employment relations processes and outcomes, such as wages, labour market policies and labour conflicts. It brings together insights from various projects that investigate the structure, functioning and impact of networks in employment relations through quantitative and qualitative methods. It will be of particular interest to students and scholars of employment relations across business and management, economics, political science, and sociology disciplines, as well as those interested in social networks. Managers, trade unions, employers’ organizations and state authorities at national and international levels will find it helpful in understanding how networks shape their world.

Download or read book Welfare Regimes and the Experience of Unemployment in Europe written by Duncan Gallie and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2000-05-25 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is the first major study to examine the implications of differences in welfare regimes for the experience of unemployment in Europe. It is concerned with three central questions about the way such regimes affect the experience of unemployment. The first is how far they protect the quality of life of unemployed people with respect to living standards and the experience of financial hardship. The second is their role in mediating the impact of unemployment on the individual's longer-term position in the labour market, addressing the issue of how far they help to prevent progressive marginalization from the employment structure as a result of motivational change, skill loss or the growth of discriminatory barriers. The third is how far such regimes mediate the impact of unemployment on social integration in the community, for instance with respect to the maintenance (or rupture) of social networks and the degree of psychological distress experienced by the unemployed. The book is the product of a major cross-cultural research programme, funded by the European Union (TSER), bringing together teams from eight countries. The emphasis has been on rigorous comparison rather than the all-too-frequent separate country analyses, which usually provide data which differs in format from one country to another. In addition to a systematic comparison of national data sources, it has been able to make use of a new important data source (the European Community Household Panel) produced by Eurostat which provides directly comparable information for all EU countries. The study shows that institutional and cultural differences have vital implications for the experience of unemployment. While welfare policies affect in an important way the pervasiveness of poverty, it is above all the patterns of family structure and the culture of sociability in a society that affect vulnerability to social isolation. The book concludes by developing a new perspective for understanding the risk of social exclusion.

Download or read book Social Networks and Their Impact on the Employment and Earnings of Mexican Immigrants written by Kusum Mundra and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the impact of different types of social networks on the employment and wages of unauthorized and legal Mexican immigrants using data from the Mexican Migration Project. We find that social networks, particularly strong ties, contribute to the economic assimilation of immigrants by raising their hourly wages. However, networks do not enhance immigrants' employability. Instead, strong ties allow for a lower employment likelihood possibly through the shelter against temporary unemployment provided by close family members. Finally, social networks do not alter the relative employment and earnings performance of unauthorized and legal immigrants in the absence of networks.

Download or read book Cultures of Unemployment written by Godfried Engbersen and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ... An extraordinarily rich and detailed study of the social and economic life of unemployed and poor households. Michael Sherraden in Social Work.

Download or read book Social Exclusion and the Remaking of Social Networks written by Robert Strathdee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do young people make effective transitions into work? This question has occupied the minds of parents and young people, and also researchers and policy makers, as they face up to challenges presented by globalization and technological change. The foremost governmental response to this challenge has been to expand training systems to improve young people's qualifications. However, it is clear that for many this response has failed to deliver the promised rewards and the legitimation of this strategy has been exhausted. This book explores developments in training and in social welfare to show that third way administrations in England and New Zealand are reconnecting young people to the labour market through creating social networks. Social Exclusion and the Remaking of Social Networks describes how networks are being remade by the state in commodified forms.

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Download or read book Applied Logistic Regression Analysis written by Scott Menard and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2002 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus in this Second Edition is again on logistic regression models for individual level data, but aggregate or grouped data are also considered. The book includes detailed discussions of goodness of fit, indices of predictive efficiency, and standardized logistic regression coefficients, and examples using SAS and SPSS are included. More detailed consideration of grouped as opposed to case-wise data throughout the book Updated discussion of the properties and appropriate use of goodness of fit measures, R-square analogues, and indices of predictive efficiency Discussion of the misuse of odds ratios to represent risk ratios, and of over-dispersion and under-dispersion for grouped data Updated coverage of unordered and ordered polytomous logistic regression models.