Download or read book The Impact of Legislation on Self reported Safety Belt Use in a Working Population written by Jonathan E. Fielding and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safety Belt Use and Health an Analysis of Control Data Corporation s Employee Population Final Report written by B. E. Merrill and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Impact of Legislation Enforcement and Sanctions on Safety Belt Use written by James L. Nichols and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2008 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background -- Legislation -- Enforcement -- Sanctions -- Conclusions and discussions -- References -- Appendices.
Download or read book Task Force Report on Mandatory Safety Belt Usage Laws written by C. Livingston and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Validity of Self reported Data on Seat Belt Use written by Agnes Mary Banks Samples and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Personal lifestyle and behavior are associated with the 10 leading causes of death for Americans. Motor vehicle crashes kill more than 40,000 people and injure more than 3 million people annually in the United States, representing one of America's most serious health and economic problems. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), someone in America is injured in a motor vehicle crash every 14 seconds and someone is killed every 12 minutes (as cited in Ad Council, 2003). It is widely accepted that increased use of safety belts and reductions in driving while impaired are two of the most effective means to reduce the risk of death and serious injury of occupants in motor vehicle crashes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and NHTSA monitor the use of seat belts by surveying the population. The CDC annually conducts a telephone survey called the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The NHTSA conducts an observational survey called the National Occupant Protection Use Survey (NOPUS). The purpose of this study was to examine three questions when estimating safety belt use in the United States: (1) Does the BRFSS differ from NOPUS? (2) Is there regional variation in the differences between BRFSS and NOPUS? (3) Do BRFSS and NOPUS data differ significantly depending on whether the safety belt law is primary, secondary, or none? In this study, the two surveys were compared. Three research hypotheses were tested in the null format at the .05 level of significance using a two-tailed test. The z test was used to determine the difference in the nominal data of the two independent proportions. The results of the study revealed that there is a difference between the self-reported BRFSS survey and the NOPUS observational data.
Download or read book Highway Safety written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accident reports show that most of the 40,000 people killed annually in traffic crashes in the United States were not using safety belts. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) estimates that over 16,000 lives could be saved annually if all front seat occupants wore safety belts. To assist ongoing federal and state deliberations on safety belt safety, the Chairman, Subcommittee on Water Resources, Transportation and Infrastructure, Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, and the Ranking Minority Member, Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, asked GAO to evaluate and summarize existing studies on safety belts. This report focuses on the (l) effectiveness of safety belts in reducing deaths and serious injuries, (2) impact of state safety belt use laws on fatality and serious injury rates, and (3) costs that society incurs when unbelted motor vehicle occupants are involved in accidents.
Download or read book Safety Belt Usage written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Investigations and Review and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Increasing Safety Belt Use by High Risk Drivers Final Report written by R. D. Blomberg and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mandatory Safety Belt Use Legislation written by Jessica A. Ginsburg and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses the current environment which would influence the consideration of a mandatory safety belt use law in Virginia. First, the regulatory context fostered by the U.S. Department of Transportation's issuance of federal motor vehicle safety standard 208 is examined. This rule requires that automobile manufacturers install passive restraints such as airbags or automatic seat belts in all cars by 1989 unless states covering two-thirds of the nation's population enact mandatory safety belt use laws. Next is a discussion of the provisions of the mandatory use laws in effect in 16 states, along with data from New York and New Jersey, the first two states to enact such legislation. In New York State, safety belt usage increased from around 20% to nearly 78% following the effective date of the law. While the use of belts subsequently declined, it remained two or three times higher than before the law. A significant decline in highway fatalities was also noted following passage of the mandatory use law. Finally, data on safety belt usage and traffic deaths in Virginia are examined. According to statistics from the Fatal Accident Reporting System, of the 2,154 people killed in highway accidents in Virginia between 1982 and 1984, 2,076 (96%) were not wearing safety belts. Belt wearers, who constitute as much as 20% of the motorists, accounted for only 4% of the traffic deaths. A similar relationship is evident in the data for each of the Department of Motor Vehicle districts in the state.
Download or read book The Guide to Community Preventive Services written by Task Force on Community Preventive Services and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-02-17 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gold standard for evidence-based public health, The Guide to Community Preventive Services is a primary resource to improve health and prevent disease in states, communities, independent, nonfederal Task Force on Community Preventive Services, The Guide uses comprehensive systemic review methods to evaluate population-oriented health interventions. The recommendations of the Task Force are explicitly linked to the scientific evidence developed during systematic reviews. This volume examines the effectiveness and efficiency of interventions to combat such risky behaviors as tobacco use, physical inactivity, and violence; to reduce the impact and suffering of specific conditions such as cancer, diabetes, vaccine-preventable diseases, and motor vehicle injuries; and to address social determinants oh health such as education, housing, and access to care. The chapters are grouped into three broad categories: changing risk behaviors; reducing specific diseases, injuries, and impairments; and methodological background for the book itself.
Download or read book Exploration of Impact Measures of Safety Belt Use Laws Volume I Final Report written by Thomas W. Planek and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Task Force Report on Safety Belt Usage Laws written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exploration of Impact Measures of Safety Belt Use Laws Volume II Literature Reviewed Expert Team Comments on Indicators and Indicator Catalog Final Report written by Thomas W. Planek and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Buckling Up written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2003 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing seat belt use is one of the most effective and least costly ways of reducing the lives lost and injuries incurred on the nation's highways each year, yet about one in four drivers and front-seat passengers continues to ride unbuckled. The Transportation Research Board, in response to a congressional request for a study to examine the potential of in-vehicle technologies to increase belt use, formed a panel of 12 experts having expertise in the areas of automotive engineering, design, and regulation; traffic safety and injury prevention; human factors; survey research methods; economics; and technology education and consumer interest. This panel, named the Committee for the Safety Belt Technology Study, examined the potential benefits of technologies designed to increase belt use, determined how drivers view the acceptability of the technologies, and considered whether legislative or regulatory actions are necessary to enable their installation on passenger vehicles. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the study sponsor, funded and conducted interviews and focus groups of samples of different belt user groups to learn more about the potential effectiveness and acceptability of technologies ranging from seat belt reminder systems to more aggressive interlock systems, and provided the information collected to the study committee. The committee also supplemented its expertise by holding its second meeting in Dearborn, Michigan, where it met in proprietary sessions with several of the major automobile manufacturers, a key supplier, and a small business inventor of a shifter interlock system to learn of planned new seat belt use technologies as well as about company data concerning their effectiveness and acceptability. The committee's findings and recommendations are presented in this five-chapter report.
Download or read book Effectiveness of Safety Belt Use Laws written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary of a workshop sponsored by OECD's Road Research Program.
Download or read book Prevention Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Constitutionality of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws written by Mark L. Booz and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low seat belt usage rates have persisted for years despite efforts to educate people about belts' benefits. There is ample documentation of the contribution of seat belts to saving lives and reducing injury. The emotional and pecuniary toll of the failure to use belts is enormous, yet of little effect in modifying people's behavior. Involuntary measures seem to be the only effective solution to the problem of misperceptions about belts' effectiveness and ingrained attitudes which resist education. Compulsory belt use laws have been successful in other countries, and since 1984 have been considered by the Department of Transportation to be a viable alternative to passive restraints. The possibility of the widespread adoption of mandatory belt use laws has again raised questions about the legitimacy of such self-protective legislation. A similar debate spawned many court cases 15-20 years ago when mandatory motorcycle helmet use laws were passed. Many of the arguments made then are relevant to the seat belt issue. The basic question remains: Are the devices effective enough and is the public interest in protecting the individual strong enough to warrant the intrusion on privacy? The answer must consider that driving takes place in a public arena. Further, studies indicate a substantial correlation between seat belt use and the protection of life and health. A case can be made for many third party effects and social costs of accidents, so this matter involves more than a mere question of the individual right of privacy. Given the traditional deference of the courts to state legislatures in the area of highway safety regulation, mandatory seat belt use laws may well pass constitutional challenges. Various legal theories support this conclusion. The right to travel is subject to reasonable regulation. A law applicable to all automobiles can hardly be described as discriminatory, thus dismissing equal protection objections. As long as there is no substantial interference with interstate travel and there are tangible "local" benefits, the flow of commerce is not impermissibly restricted. The volume of statistics supporting belts' efficacy constitute a reasonable means of serving a legitimate state interest in public health and welfare. They may well pass a more rigorous standard, and amount to a real and substantial relation between the law and its objective. The due process challenge thus being satisfied, the remaining question becomes one of a policy choice for the legislature about the desirability of this means over other alternatives.
