Download or read book The Impact of Land Use on Nitrate N Movement and Storage in the Vadose Zone of the Hastings WHPA written by Craig J. Adams and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nebraska has one of the largest agricultural economies in the United States and relies heavily on irrigation and fertilizer application to maintain crop yields. Over-irrigation and continuous application of nitrogen (N) in many areas has led to accumulation of nitrate-N in soils and sediments throughout the state's vadose zone. Because nitrate-N is both persistent and mobile, groundwater concentrations in many areas of Nebraska and other agriculturally intensive states are increasing. Nitrate-N contamination of public and private drinking water supplies that utilize groundwater are of particular concern. Vadose zone sampling is an important method for rapidly assessing the effect of changing land use on potential groundwater contamination. In the current project, the occurrence and movement of nitrate-N was investigated using deep vadose zone soil cores collected from urban and irrigated farmland in the Hastings, NE Well Head Protection Area (WHPA) and compared to a previous study done at the same locations (R. Spalding & Toavs, 2011). Sampling previously collected sites allows for direct comparisons of current and historical nitrate-N profiles, potential movement, and can provide a method for evaluating effects of changing land use at the surface. Cumulative nitrate-N in the top 65 ft for urban irrigated lawns, pivot irrigated farmland, and gravity irrigated farmland had an average of 320, 540, and 700 total lbs-N/acre respectively. In farmland where irrigation changed from gravity to pivot application there was an average reduction of 170 lbs-N/acre in the top 55 ft of the profile over a five-year time span. This observation supports the use of sprinkler irrigation for more uniform water application, reducing potential leaching at the head and tail rows of gravity irrigated fields. While future studies are still needed, the importance of vadose zone monitoring in evaluating and protecting groundwater is beneficial in determining connections between surface activities and the underlying groundwater..
Download or read book Environmental Impacts Of Land Use In Rural Regions The Development Validation And Application Of Model Tools For Management And Policy Analysis written by Piet Groenendijk and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1999-03-03 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concern over groundwater contamination has focused attention on the processes that influence the fate of chemicals in soil water systems. A major concern of groundwater contamination is the passage of these chemcials through the unsaturated zone and the relatively thin cover layers overlying the aquifers. Pollution due to diffuse sources is probably the most difficult to model. This is because the loads are usually non-homogeneous and they are also governed by spatially and temporally non-homogeneous, but dynamic, processes of chemical and biochemical phenomena.In this book, the estimation techniques and transfer functions of required input data from existing databases in geographic information systems are provided. Spatially variable input data, such as the type of soil, hydrological conditions, intensity of land use and atmospheric deposit of pollutants, are derived from basic land and climate characteristics. A model for the evaluation of land use and water management is also described. In addition, examples of field and regional studies on water management and policy analysis are provided.
Download or read book The Groundwater Nitrate Problem written by Stephen S. D. Foster and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Relation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Ground Water to Land Use in Four Subunits of the Potomac River Basin written by Scott W. Ator and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrate Movement Through the Unsaturated Zone of a Sandy Soil in the Lower Wisconsin River Valley written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Temporal and Spatial Variability of Groundwater Nitrate in the Southern Willamette Valley of Oregon written by Jeffrey Glenn Mutti and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater nitrate contamination is a well-documented issue in the Southern Willamette Valley (SWV) of Oregon, as a Groundwater Management Area (GWMA) has recently been declared. As a GWMA, groundwater nitrate monitoring must occur until regional concentrations are below 7 mg/L NO3-N. However, the presence of temporal variability can make it difficult to determine if contamination exceeds a threshold and if contamination is increasing or decreasing over time. To examine the potential impact of temporal variability on groundwater nitrate monitoring in the SWV, a well network was created and sampled monthly for 15 months. Results indicate that substantial intra-well temporal variability is present, and that spatial variability of groundwater nitrate is greater than temporal variability. Generally, temporal variability was associated with recharge events, which flushed higher concentration soil-water into the aquifer. Though individual wells showed seasonality, network-wide seasonal trends were not statistically significant (which is believed to be caused by a dampening effect due to local heterogeneities). From a monitoring perspective, this implies that less frequent groundwater nitrate sampling (such as quarterly) can capture network-wide seasonal response to the same degree as monthly sampling. To determine how long-term land management practices are likely to impact regional nitrate leaching and future monitoring trends, a nitrogen loading model was created for the SWV. Present-day data were used to calibrate and validate the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, with 3 alternative future scenarios then being evaluated. The effects of agrarian Groundwater Best Management Practices (GW-BMPs) were examined with respect to nitrate leaching in present and future scenarios. Modeled values indicate that agrarian GW-BMP implementation is a more effective agent for reduced nitrate leaching than land use change alone. Together, land use change and the adoption of GW-BMPs were found to decrease nitrate leaching values by 32 to 46% of their present-day rates. These predicted results do not include the impact of denitrification or changes in septic leaching, and therefore should be regarded with caution as they do not completely represent future conditions. Considering this, a conservative conclusion which can be drawn is that GW-BMP implementation is a safer alternative than reliance on projected land use/crop change alone for lessening groundwater nitrate concentrations in the GWMA. This is the first study to successfully apply SWAT as a tool to examine the spatial and temporal variability of nitrate leaching.
Download or read book Influence of Land Use on Nitrate Movement Through Soil Profiles in Paparua County written by John Arthur Adams and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrate nitrogen Profiles Documenting Land Use Practice Effects on Ground Water in and Around Sidney Nebraska written by Anthony P. Bryda and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantification of the Long Term Effects from Nutrient Reductions on Groundwater Nitrate Concentrations in an Agricultural Setting written by Jason Cole and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhancing Understanding of BMP Effectiveness and Land Use Change Impacts on Water Quality Water Quantity and Potato Production in Atlantic Canada written by Kang Liang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excessive nitrate loading from agricultural non-point sources (NPS) is threatening the health of receiving waterbodies at a global scale. The intensive agricultural production in Atlantic Canada has consistently posed severe threats to aquatic ecosystems. Beneficial management practices (BMPs) are often implemented to mitigate environmental impacts from agricultural production. Reliable information of the effects of BMPs from field to watershed scale is needed to inform watershed management. Relating the drivers/sources of water and nitrogen movement in watersheds to spatial and temporal land uses patterns is therefore essential for developing effective mitigation strategies. This study investigated the environmental and economic impacts of agricultural BMPs and land use impacts on water quantity and quality. The objectives were to: i.) investigate nitrogen dynamics and leaching potential under conventional (potato-barley-red clover (PBC)) and alternative (potato-soybean-barley (PSB)) potato rotations in Prince Edward Island (PEI) through field experiments; ii.) to evaluate the effects of the soil and water conservation terrace on potato yield under northern New Brunswick climate conditions, using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT); iii.) to explore the impacts of land use on water yield and nitrate load to surface water in an agricultural watershed in PEI using SWAT; iv.) to examine the performance of statistical models compared to SWAT in estimating nitrate load from sparsely measured nitrate data. Results suggested that: i.) alternative PSB rotation could increase potato yields while reducing N leaching, when compared to the conventional PBC rotation; ii.) Terrace could help to improve potato productivity by improving soil water availability during the growing seasons of dry and normal years; iii.) Land under potato rotation contributed 84.5% of the total nitrate load to the watershed. Land use demonstrated little impact on water yield but affected nitrate load significantly, while climatic variables of temperature and precipitation were the top two factors affecting water yield. iv. Regression models could lead to substantially biased results compared to SWAT, there is a tradeoff between using regression and process-based models in estimating nitrate load. Results of this study provided critical insights for BMP cost-benefit and land use impact analysis for watershed management in Atlantic Canada.
Download or read book Estimating Nitrate Nitrogen Leaching Rates Under Rural Land Uses in Canterbury Updated written by Linda Lilburne and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimating Nitrate nitrogen Leaching Rates Under Rural Land Uses in Canterbury written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Soil and Groundwater Remediation Technologies written by Yong Sik Ok and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-03-23 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers various soil and water treatment technologies due to increasing global soil and water pollution. In many countries, the management of contaminated land has matured, and it is developing in many others. Topics covered include chemical and ecological risk assessment of contaminated sites; phytomanagement of contaminants; arsenic removal; selection and technology diffusion; technologies and socio-environmental management; post-remediation long-term management; soil and groundwater laws and regulations; and trace element regulation limits in soil. Future prospects of soil and groundwater remediation are critically discussed in this book. Hence, readers will learn to understand the future prospects of soil and groundwater contaminants and remediation measures. Key Features: Discusses conventional and novel aspects of soil and groundwater remediation technologies Includes new monitoring/sensing technologies for soil and groundwater pollution Features a case study of remediation of contaminated sites in the old, industrial, Ruhr area in Germany Highlights soil washing, soil flushing, and stabilization/solidification Presents information on emerging contaminants that exhibit new challenges This book is designed for undergraduate and graduate courses and can be used as a handbook for researchers, policy makers, and local governmental institutes. Soil and Groundwater Remediation Technologies: A Practical Guide is written by a team of leading global experts in the field.
Download or read book Nitrogen in the Environment written by Donald R. Nielsen and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ground Water Recharge Using Waters of Impaired Quality written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As demand for water increases, water managers and planners will need to look widely for ways to improve water management and augment water supplies. This book concludes that artificial recharge can be one option in an integrated strategy to optimize total water resource management and that in some cases impaired-quality water can be used effectively as a source for artificial recharge of ground water aquifers. Source water quality characteristics, pretreatment and recharge technologies, transformations during transport through the soil and aquifer, public health issues, economic feasibility, and legal and institutional considerations are addressed. The book evaluates three main types of impaired quality water sourcesâ€"treated municipal wastewater, stormwater runoff, and irrigation return flowâ€"and describes which is the most consistent in terms of quality and quantity. Also included are descriptions of seven recharge projects.
Download or read book Graphic Correlation written by Keith Olin Mann and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High strain Zones written by Geological Society of London and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2005 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of research and review papers addresses the question of structural evolution during deformation to high strains and the physical properties of rocks that have been affected by high-strain zones. The discussions range from natural examples at outcrop to microscopic studies. They include experiments and numerical models based on the active processes in high-strain zones as well as studies on the physical properties of highly strained rocks in the field and laboratory. Specific questions addressed include magnetotelluric imaging of faults, magnetic fabrics, fabric development, seismic properties of highly strained rocks, change of rheology with strain, influence of melt on the localization of deformation, the relationship between deformation and metamorphism as well as new methods in the analysis of deformation. The book is aimed at an interdisciplinary group of readers interested in the effects of high strain in rocks.
