Download or read book The Impact of Attribute based Corporate Average Fuel Economy CAFE Standards written by Walter S. McManus and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is the first rigorous analysis of the economic impacts of current legislative proposals to raise CAFE under the reformed “attribute-based” structure. Whereas historic CAFE standards set one standard for every automaker, the reformed system fundamentally alters the impact of the standards on individual companies. Under the reformed CAFE structure, which applies to light trucks starting next year and is the leading proposal under discussion in Congress, each vehicle is assigned a fuel economy target based on vehicle attributes. Light truck targets are a function of the truck’s “footprint” – that is, the area defined by the truck’s wheels. Each automaker’s truck CAFE target will be a sales-weightedaverage of the targets for its truck models – automakers that market larger vehicles will face a less stringent standard.

Download or read book Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy CAFE Standards written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-01-29 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since CAFE standards were established 25 years ago, there have been significant changes in motor vehicle technology, globalization of the industry, the mix and characteristics of vehicle sales, production capacity, and other factors. This volume evaluates the implications of these changes as well as changes anticipated in the next few years, on the need for CAFE, as well as the stringency and/or structure of the CAFE program in future years.

Download or read book Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy CAFE Standards written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-03-01 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since CAFE standards were established 25 years ago, there have been significant changes in motor vehicle technology, globalization of the industry, the mix and characteristics of vehicle sales, production capacity, and other factors. This volume evaluates the implications of these changes as well as changes anticipated in the next few years, on the need for CAFE, as well as the stringency and/or structure of the CAFE program in future years.

Download or read book Cost Effectiveness and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.

Download or read book 2017 2025 Corporate Average Fuel Economy Compliance and Effects Modeling System Documentation written by Mark Shaulov and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center) of the United States Department of Transportation's Research and Innovative Technology Administration has developed a modeling system to assist the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in the evaluation of potential new Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. Given externally-developed inputs, the modeling system estimates how manufacturers could apply additional fuel-saving technologies in response to new CAFE standards, and estimates how doing so would increase vehicle costs, reduce national fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, and result in other effects and benefits to society. The modeling system can also be used to estimate the stringency at which an attribute-based CAFE standard satisfies various criteria. For example, the system can estimate the stringency that produces a specified average required fuel economy level, or that maximizes net benefits to society."--Technical report documentation page.

Download or read book 2012 2016 Corporate Average Fuel Economy Compliance and Effects Modeling System Documentation written by John Van Schalkwyk and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center) of the United States Department of Transportation's Research and Innovative Technology Administration has developed a modeling system to assist the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in the evaluation of potential new Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. Based on externally-developed inputs, the modeling system estimates how manufacturers could apply additional fuel-saving technologies in response to new CAFE standards, and estimates how doing so would increase vehicle costs, reduce national fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, and result in other effects and benefits to society. The modeling system can also be used to estimate the stringency at which an attribute-based CAFE standard satisfies various criteria. For example, the system can estimate the stringency that produces a specified average required fuel economy level, or that maximizes net benefits to society. / This report documents the design and function of the CAFE Compliance and Effects Modeling System as of October 30, 2008, specifies the content, structure, and meaning of inputs and outputs, and provides instructions for the installation and ues of the modeling system."--Preface (p. ii).

Download or read book Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards Passenger Cars and Light Trucks Model Years 2012 2016 written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Report of the National Academy of Sciences on the Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy CAFE Standards written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Impact of Automotive Fuel Economy Standards on Competition in the Automotive Industry Summary report written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Implementation of Corporate Average Fuel Economy CAFE Standards written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Energy and Power and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards Passenger Cars and Light Trucks Model Years 2017 2025 written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reforming Corporate Average Fuel Economy CAFE Standards written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Regulation and Its Impact on Industry and Taxation written by Yiwei Wang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adopted in 1975, Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards had profound influences on the automobile industry as well as fleet fuel economy in the United States. In my dissertation, I first looked into the historical impacts of CAFE standards in the automobile industry using vehicle attribute data. I found evidence that the increase in the stringency of CAFE standards can induce the innovation of fuel economy related technologies in the automobile industry. I further estimated the response rate of the induced innovation with respect to stringency increases in CAFE standards. Using these estimates, I predicted that automobile companies would be able to meet the high 2025 fuel economy target by making medium downsizing in cars and minor downsizing in light duty trucks. Such methods can also be applied in other industries that have performance based regulations. CAFE standards increased fleet fuel economy in the United States as it was designed to. However, a more fuel efficient fleet resulted in less gasoline tax revenue, which is the major source of road maintenance. This trend affected governments at both federal and state levels. With more stringent CAFE standards enforced by the Obama Administration, which seek to almost double vehicle fuel economy by 2025, the gasoline tax revenue would be further eroded. As major increases in the gasoline tax rate are not politically feasible in the United States, policy makers seek other methods, such as a vehicle mile traveled (VMT) tax, to maintain a more stable revenue flow. I estimated households' driving demand in response to driving cost changes using household survey data and estimated tax revenue under different tax scenarios. I showed that although a VMT tax can be more regressive than a gasoline tax, it provides more stable tax revenue without having to make major adjustments in tax rates when fleet fuel economy keeps increasing.

Download or read book The Impact of Raising Corporate Average Fuel Economy CAFE Standards written by American Iron and Steel Institute and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Automotive Fuel Economy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents realistic estimates for the level of fuel economy that is achievable in the next decade for cars and light trucks made in the United States and Canada. A source of objective and comprehensive information on the topic, this book takes into account real-world factors such as the financial conditions in the automotive industry, costs and benefits to consumers, and marketability of high-efficiency vehicles. The committee is composed of experts from the fields of science, technology, finance, and regulation and offers practical evaluations of technological improvements that could contribute to increased fuel efficiency. The volume also examines potential barriers to improvement, such as high production costs, regulations on safety and emissions, and consumer preferences. This practical book is of considerable interest to car and light truck manufacturers, policymakers, federal and state agencies, and the public.

Download or read book Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.

Download or read book Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium and Heavy Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.