Download or read book The Impact of a 12 week High Intensity Interval Training Program on Sympathetic Transduction in Healthy Adults written by Jenny Petterson and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peak pressor responses (i.e., sympathetic transduction) following bursts of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) are inversely related to peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak) in younger males, but not females. However, it is unknown whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) decreases sympathetic transduction. I tested the hypothesis that 12-weeks of HIIT (n=9) would improve V̇O2peak and attenuate sympathetic transduction versus a Control group (n=5). At baseline and follow-up, V̇O2peak (via graded cycle ergometry), resting peroneal MSNA (via microneurography) and beat-by-beat diastolic blood pressure (DBP; via finger photoplethysmography) were recorded. Peak DBP increases following MSNA bursts quantified sympathetic transduction. Nadir DBP following non-MSNA heartbeats were also determined. HIIT training improved V̇O2peak (P=0.003), with no changes observed in the Control group (P=0.279). Sympathetic transduction did not change in either group (Interaction P=0.647). However, decreases in DBP during sympathetic quiescence were larger following HIIT (P=0.006), but unchanged in the Control group (P=0.638). These results indicate that HIIT-mediated increases in aerobic fitness did not alter sympathetic regulation of DBP but may have enhanced competing local vasodilatory mechanisms.

Download or read book Sex Differences in the Impact of a 12 week High Intensity Interval Training Intervention on Sympathetic Transduction written by Beverly Schwartz and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peak diastolic blood pressure (DBP) responses to resting bursts of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA; sympathetic transduction) are inversely associated with aerobic fitness in young males, but not females. I tested the hypothesis that 12- weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) would improve aerobic fitness in young, healthy adults, but only attenuate sympathetic transduction in males. Aerobic fitness (V̇ O2peak, via indirect calorimetry), as well as peroneal MSNA (microneurography), and DBP (finger photoplethysmography) were recorded for ~10-min during supine rest. HIIT improved absolute V̇ O2peak in both sexes (both, P≤ 0.004), with greater increases observed in males (P=0.004). There was no change in sympathetic transduction following HIIT for either sex (both, P≥0.523). However, nadir DBP responses following cardiac cycles absent of MSNA bursts were enhanced (more negative) following HIIT in females (group P=0.019, females P=0.016, males P=0.345). These results indicate that HIIT mediated increases in aerobic fitness did not alter sympathetic transduction in a group of younger males and females.

Download or read book The Impact of a 12 week High Intensity Interval Training Program on Popliteal Vascular Responses to Prolonged Sitting written by Haoxuan Liu and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prolonged, uninterrupted sitting (≥1-h) impairs lower-limb flow-mediated dilation (FMD), nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD), and resistance vessel responses. The benefits of regular aerobic exercise on vascular health are well established. However, conflicting evidence exists regarding the influence of aerobic fitness on sitting induced-reductions in lower-limb arterial function. To explore the impact that 12-weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT, 3 sessions/week) had on popliteal FMD, NMD, and reactive hyperemic responses to a bout of prolonged sitting. Twenty-one healthy adults were randomly assigned to HIIT (n=7, 24±8 years, 7♀) or Control groups (n=10, 22±1 years, 6♀). Relative FMD responses (% peak increase from baseline diameter) to 5-min distal cuff occlusion (250 mmHg) and relative NMD responses (% peak increase from baseline diameter) to sublingual nitroglycerin administration (0.4 mg), as well as post-occlusive peak red cell velocity (RBCv) were assessed via duplex ultrasonography before and after a ~3-h bout of uninterrupted sitting. Peak oxygen consumption (relative V̇O2peak, indirect calorimetry) using a maximal cycle ergometer protocol graded cycle ergometry was also assessed. These assessments were repeated following the HIIT (2×20-min bouts of alternating between 15-s intervals at 100% of peak aerobic power and passive recovery) or Control (habitual physical activity) periods. 12-week HIIT improved relative V̇O2peak (35.4±7.8 to 39.5±6.1 ml/kg/min, P=0.005), with no changes observed in the Control group (P=0.306). Sitting-induced changes in popliteal FMD (HIIT: -1.4±2.6 to -1.7±1.9%; Control: -2.9±2.2 to -2.0±2.3%), NMD (HIIT: -3.1±2.9 to -3.2±2.5%; Control: -3.0±2.9 to -3.8±3.7%), or peak hyperemic responses (HIIT: -12.8±6.1 to -12.5±11.0 cm/s; Control: -26.0±14.4 to -9.5±24.7 cm/s) did not change at follow-up in either group (all, P≥0.105). These results indicate that a 12-week HIIT intervention did not provide protection against prolonged sitting-induced lower-limb vascular dysfunction.

Download or read book Effect of High Intensity Interval Training HIIT on Vascular Function and Insulin Sensitivity written by Shinichiro Sugiura and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is characterized by short bursts of vigorous physical activity, interspersed by periods of rest or low-intensity exercise of varying durations. HIIT may be used as an effective alternative to traditional endurance training, resulting in similar or greater improvements in a number of physiological, performance, and health-related indices in both healthy and in individuals with chronic diseases. The present thesis examined the effects of a two-week HIIT program on measures of aerobic fitness, vascular function (Chapter 3) and insulin sensitivity (Chapter 4). The first study demonstrated no effect on flow-mediated dilation or peak oxygen uptake following two weeks of HIIT with L-arginine supplement compared to HIIT alone, although both groups improved time to exhaustion and the peak work rate during progressive ramp exercise to fatigue. The results of the second study demonstrated six session of HIIT had no effect on glucose appearance and removal (i.e. oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT) or insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals with family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or in healthy individuals without a family history of T2DM. However, results of the multiple regression analysis indicated that high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) significantly predicted insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals with a family history of T2DM. In order to prevent chronic diseases, such as T2DM, as well as other diseases that have a sedentary lifestyle as a primary risk factor, it is critical that individuals engage in regular physical activity in an effort to curb the rising trends in the prevalence of hypokinetic diseases. Although the results of the present investigation did not provide significant findings in this group of young, healthy adults, further investigations are necessary, including an examination of the physiological adaptations and compliance associated with longer term HIIT exercise programs, the inclusion of additional patient populations, and the optimal combination of exercise intensity, duration and recovery intervals in order to promote HIIT as an effective, efficient alternative training method.

Download or read book The Effects of a Three week High Intensity Interval Training Program on Fitness Related Parameters Among 3 Different Populations from North China written by Linghao Kong and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of a 3-week High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) program on fitness-related parameters (peak heart rate, peak Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE), V ̇O2peak, time to exhaustion, and lactate threshold) among three different populations (healthy inactive, healthy active, prehypertension in China). In addition, resting blood pressure was also measured before and after the 3-week HIIT program. Males (N = 30; age = 18 - 30 years) were assigned to three groups according to the recruitment criteria. Six 2 (Time) x 3 (Group) mixed factorial ANOVAs were performed to determine if differences existed in the six dependent variables. Regardless of the group difference, significant main effects were found for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, V ̇O2peak, time to exhaustion, and lactate threshold for test occasions. No significant interaction effects were found for any variables, no significant main effects were found for peak RPE and peak heart rate. A 3-week HIIT intervention lowered resting blood pressure, while increasing time to exhaustion, lactate threshold, and V ̇O2peak for all three different groups included. Peak heart rate and peak RPE were unchanged.

Download or read book The Effect of Continuous Moderate Intensity Exercise Training Combined with High Intensity Interval Training on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors written by Brendon Hugh Roxburgh and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes are a major health and economic burden on society and without intervention, incidence will continue to increase. High intensity interval training (HIIT) is emerging as a time efficient strategy for improving risk factors of CVD and type 2 diabetes; however, there is a lack of research on HIIT in sedentary, at-risk individuals. Whilst HIIT has shown superior improvement in CVD risk factors, when compared with continuous moderate intensity exercise training (CMIET), it may be unrealistic to exclusively adopt this form of training as a lifestyle change. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare how 12 weeks of HIIT and CMIET affected cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), insulin sensitivity and other risk factors for CVD, in sedentary individuals at moderate risk of CVD. METHODS: Twenty nine sedentary subjects at moderate risk of CVD were recruited for 12 weeks of exercise training. Subjects were randomised into three groups: HIIT (n=9; 8-12 x 60 sec at 100% VO2max, 150 sec active recovery), CMIET (n=10; 30 min at 45-60% oxygen consumption reserve (VO2R)) and a sedentary control group (n=10). Participants in the HIIT group performed a single weekly bout of HIIT and four weekly sessions of CMIET, whilst the CMIET group performed five weekly CMIET sessions. Cardiorespiratory fitness, insulin sensitivity (HOMA model), blood lipids, body composition and quality of life were measured pre and post intervention. Probabilistic magnitude-based inferences were determined to assess the likelihood that the true value of the effect represented substantial change. RESULTS: Relative VO2max increased by 10.1% in in the HIIT group (32.7 ± 9.2 to 36.0 ± 11.5 mL·kg-1·min-1) and 3.9% in the CMIET group (33.2 ± 4.0 to 34.5 ± 6.1 mL·kg-1·min-1), whilst there was a 5.7% decrease in the control group (30.0 ± 4.6 to 28.3 ± 6.5 mL·kg-1·min-1). It was 'unclear' if a clinically significant difference existed between the HIIT and CMIET groups. There was a decrease in insulin sensitivity for both exercising groups (HIIT: 101 ± 27.3 to 90.3 ± 29.0%; CMIET: 95.6 ± 42.6 to 84.1 ± 25.6%), with a 'possibly trivial' clinical inference between groups. CONCLUSION: Both exercising groups showed clinically meaningful improvements in VO2max, body composition (hip and waist circumference), systolic and diastolic blood pressure and total and LDL cholesterol. However, it remains 'unclear' whether one type of exercise training regimen elicits a superior CVD risk factor reduction relative to its counterpart.

Download or read book Staying Young with Interval Training written by Joseph Tieri and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Workout to Reverse Aging Professional trainers know that high-intensity interval training is a super-effective way to burn fat and get ripped. However, research shows that this popular exercise approach also improves heart and cellular health, prevents disease and enhances athletic performance for older adults—regardless of age. The scientifically proven fitness routines in Staying Young with Interval Training take much less time than conventional workouts, so you can quickly gain: • Greater flexibility for an active lifestyle • Muscle and core strength to stay in the game • Increased energy for the things you love • Optimal health to live longer and fitter • A leaner physique with fat-burning stamina

Download or read book The Effects of High Intensity Interval Training HIIT on Cognitive Functioning written by Vanessa r Gonzales and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of High Intensity Interval Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Composition in Women written by Rachel Marie Dykstra and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: A growing body of literature indicates that women, in comparison to men, report significantly more barriers to exercise, often times related to perceived lack of time due to their social roles (e.g. family responsibility, childcare). Therefore, it has been considered that exercise programs that require less time commitments would be more attractive for women to alleviate this concern. Objective: This review was conducted to comprehensively understand the present literature surrounding women and such a time-efficient protocol: high intensity interval training (HIIT). The primary aim was to determine the impact of HIIT on both cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body composition. The secondary aim was to identify what variables, if any, influence the effect of HIIT on changes in CRF and body composition. Methods: A database search was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), CENTRAL (Cochrane), and ESCO (SPORTdiscus) to obtain all peer-reviewed publications up until November 2020. Studies were included if HIIT protocols were aerobic-based, a minimum of two weeks in duration, participants were between the ages of 18-65 years and free from cardiovascular, metabolic, or renal disease and cancers. Comparisons were made for changes in maximal or peak oxygen consumption (VO2max or VO2peak), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and body fat percentage (BF%). Results: 41 studies were included in this review, involving a total of 628 female subjects who were predominantly younger (582 subjects between ages 18-35 years) and overweight (body mass index ranging from 20.3-35.7 kg-m-2). Exercise intervention duration ranged from 2-15 weeks (7.8±3.7 weeks), utilizing between 2-5 sessions (3.1±0.4 visits) per week. Of the 37 studies with CRF as an outcome measures, 34 reported improvements. 35 studies reported pre- and post-intervention assessments surrounding body composition. 14 determined significant improvements in BF% and 12 studies reported a significant decrease in FM, six showed significant increases in FFM. Conclusion: It is suggested that HIIT can significantly improve CRF in women, irrespective of age, training status, BMI, and training frequency. However, exercise intervention duration, in conjunction with the appropriate intensity of exercise may influence the improvements. HIIT interventions that are shorter in duration (≤7 week) should consider utilizing intensities >100% VO2max (supramaximal) to elicit improvements in CRF. Intensities ranging from 85-95% VO2max are sufficient to augment CRF in interventions exceeding 7 weeks. The effect of HIIT on body composition is less clear. Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) and energy expenditure greatly exceeding 1000 MET-minutes per week may account for reductions in FM. However, there is no guarantee that these reasons alone account for all reductions in FM. There were improvements in FFM across very few studies (n = 6). It is suggested that aerobic-based HIIT be supplemented with resistance training to generate superior improvements in FFM. Furthermore, lack of controlled diet across all studies makes it difficult to determine if caloric intake could account for any changes in body composition. While HIIT may be an effective and time-efficient protocol for women, future research should focus on ecological validity and women’s adherence to such vigorous training, specifically within non-athletic and sedentary subgroups.

Download or read book High Intensity Exercise in Hypoxia Beneficial Aspects and Potential Drawbacks written by Olivier Girard and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-01-25 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, ‘traditional’ moderate-intensity continuous training (60-75% peak heart rate) was the type of physical activity most frequently recommended for both athletes and clinical populations (cf. American College of Sports Medicine guidelines). However, growing evidence indicates that high-intensity interval training (80-100% peak heart rate) could actually be associated with larger cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic function benefits and, thereby, physical performance gains for athletes. Similarly, recent data in obese and hypertensive individuals indicate that various mechanisms – further improvement in endothelial function, reductions in sympathetic neural activity, or in arterial stiffness – might be involved in the larger cardiovascular protective effects associated with training at high exercise intensities. Concerning hypoxic training, similar trends have been observed from ‘traditional’ prolonged altitude sojourns (‘Live High Train High’ or ‘Live High Train Low’), which result in increased hemoglobin mass and blood carrying capacity. Recent innovative ‘Live Low Train High’ methods (‘Resistance Training in Hypoxia’ or ‘Repeated Sprint Training in Hypoxia’) have resulted in peripheral adaptations, such as hypertrophy or delay in muscle fatigue. Other interventions inducing peripheral hypoxia, such as vascular occlusion during endurance/resistance training or remote ischemic preconditioning (i.e. succession of ischemia/reperfusion episodes), have been proposed as methods for improving subsequent exercise performance or altitude tolerance (e.g. reduced severity of acute-mountain sickness symptoms). Postulated mechanisms behind these metabolic, neuro-humoral, hemodynamics, and systemic adaptations include stimulation of nitric oxide synthase, increase in anti-oxidant enzymes, and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, although the amount of evidence is not yet significant enough. Improved O2 delivery/utilization conferred by hypoxic training interventions might also be effective in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases, as well as contributing to improve exercise tolerance and health status of patients. For example, in obese subjects, combining exercise with hypoxic exposure enhances the negative energy balance, which further reduces weight and improves cardio-metabolic health. In hypertensive patients, the larger lowering of blood pressure through the endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway and the associated compensatory vasodilation is taken to reflect the superiority of exercising in hypoxia compared to normoxia. A hypoxic stimulus, in addition to exercise at high vs. moderate intensity, has the potential to further ameliorate various aspects of the vascular function, as observed in healthy populations. This may have clinical implications for the reduction of cardiovascular risks. Key open questions are therefore of interest for patients suffering from chronic vascular or cellular hypoxia (e.g. work-rest or ischemia/reperfusion intermittent pattern; exercise intensity; hypoxic severity and exposure duration; type of hypoxia (normobaric vs. hypobaric); health risks; magnitude and maintenance of the benefits). Outside any potential beneficial effects of exercising in O2-deprived environments, there may also be long-term adverse consequences of chronic intermittent severe hypoxia. Sleep apnea syndrome, for instance, leads to oxidative stress and the production of reactive oxygen species, and ultimately systemic inflammation. Postulated pathophysiological changes associated with intermittent hypoxic exposure include alteration in baroreflex activity, increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and hematocrit, changes in heart structure and function, and an alteration in endothelial-dependent vasodilation in cerebral and muscular arteries. There is a need to explore the combination of exercising in hypoxia and association of hypertension, developmental defects, neuro-pathological and neuro-cognitive deficits, enhanced susceptibility to oxidative injury, and possibly increased myocardial and cerebral infarction in individuals sensitive to hypoxic stress. The aim of this Research Topic is to shed more light on the transcriptional, vascular, hemodynamics, neuro-humoral, and systemic consequences of training at high intensities under various hypoxic conditions.

Download or read book Effects of High Intensity Interval Training on Hemostasis and Fibrinolysis in Healthy Males written by Laura Biskey and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Science and Application of High Intensity Interval Training written by Laursen, Paul and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2019 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The popularity of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), which consists primarily of repeated bursts of high-intensity exercise, continues to soar because its effectiveness and efficiency have been proven in use by both elite athletes and general fitness enthusiasts. Surprisingly, few resources have attempted to explain both the science behind the HIIT movement and its sport-specific application to athlete training. That’s why Science and Application of High-Intensity Interval Training is a must-have resource for sport coaches, strength and conditioning professionals, personal trainers, and exercise physiologists, as well as for researchers and sport scientists who study high-intensity interval training.

Download or read book The Effects of High Intensity Interval Training on Resting Mean Arterial Pressure and C reactive Protein Content in Prehypertensive Subjects written by Benjamin C. Skutnik and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Subjects with prehypertension are at risk for developing hypertension (HTN). Hypertension is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation (LGSI). Aerobic exercise training (ET) is a proven means to reduce both blood pressure and LGSI in healthy and diseased subjects. Recently, high intensity interval training (HIIT) has been show to elicit similar cardiovascular and metabolic adaptations as ET in healthy and at-risk populations in a more time efficient manner. Therefore, we hypothesized that HIIT would elicit greater reductions in blood pressure and LGSI than ET. Twelve pre-hypertensive subjects (systolic blood pressure 127.0 ± 8.5 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure 86.2 ± 4.1 mmHg) were randomly assigned to an ET group (n=5) and a HIIT group (n=7). All subjects performed an incremental test to exhaustion (VO2max) on a cycle ergometer prior to, after 4 weeks, and after 8 weeks of training. Resting heart rate and blood pressure were measured prior to and three times a week during training. LGSI was measured via high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) prior to, after 4 weeks and after 8 weeks of training. ET subjects performed an eight week exercise training program at 40% VO2 reserve determined from the VOVO2[subscript]max test, while HIIT subjects performed exercise at 60% peak power determined from the VO2[subscript]max test. ET group trained four days/week while HIIT trained three days/week. ET exercised for 30 minutes continuously at a constant workload and cadence of 60 rpm while HIIT performed a protocol on a 1:1 work-to-rest ratio at a constant workload and cadence of 100 rpm. Both groups showed similar (p0.05) decreases in mean arterial (ET = -7.3%, HIIT = -4.5%), systolic (ET = -6.6%, HIIT = -8.8%), and diastolic (ET= -9.7, HIIT= -8.2%) blood pressure. HIIT decreased in LGSI ( -33.7%) while ET did not change LGSI (p0.05). VOVO2[subscript]max increased ~25% with both HIIT and ET with no differences (p>0.05) between groups. These data suggest both HIIT and ET similarly decreased resting blood pressure and increased VO2max while HIIT was effective in decreasing LGSI in subjects who were pre-hypertensive.

Download or read book The Effects of Chronic High Intensity Interval Training on Cardiometabolic Health in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury written by Mitchel Gibson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Advancements in medicine and post-injury care has allowed for the extended life expectancy following spinal cord injuries (SCI). However, such advancements have led to a paradigm shift in the prevalence of secondary health complications from renal and pulmonary to cardiovascular and metabolic. In the able-bodied literature, accumulating evidence for high intensity interval training (HIIT) has shown that this time efficient, heart safe style of exercise may have advantages over moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) as a means to reduce cardiometabolic risk. The effectiveness of HIIT in an SCI population has yet to be explored. The current study examined the effectiveness of the "5 by 1" HIIT protocol over a 6-week timeframe, consisting of three supervised sessions per week in an SCI population. Outcome measures included VO2peak, cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference, blood pressure, pro an anti-inflammatory cytokine, and adipokines leptin and adiponectin. Results of the current study suggest that this protocol is an effective means to significantly improve aerobic fitness, however the intervention did induce significant metabolic change. Limitations such as small sample size (N=7) and the relatively short intervention duration may have limited these results. Further research focused on the effectiveness of HIIT in an SCI population is warranted to explore whether the metabolic benefit from HIIT may be dependent on a minimum baseline fitness level or power output that some individuals may not possess. In conclusion, the "5 by 1" HIIT protocol proved to be an effective means of improving aerobic capacity and therefore represents an alternative to the currently suggested MICT.

Download or read book Investigating the Effects of High Intensity Interval Training on Baroreflex Sensitivity written by Austin James Cameron and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (cvBRS) is known to be influenced by endurance exercise. In fact, endurance exercisers typically display a greater cvBRS compared to sedentary controls. Despite the merits of endurance training, adherence to exercise is a problem for many individuals. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols generally involve less time and work completed while imparting similar cardiovascular responses compared to endurance training. To our current knowledge, the findings of HIIT and cvBRS have been equivocal. This study investigated the effects of 12-weeks of HIIT on cvBRS and the relationship between cvBRS and measures of arterial stiffness in 16 young, healthy males. Following HIIT, cvBRS appeared to be unchanged along with most measures of arterial stiffness (carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity, common carotid artery (CCA) distensibility, and compliance); however, CCA intima-media thickness (IMT) significantly improved. Systolic blood pressure, a major determinant of cvBRS, was unchanged, while resting heart rate appeared to improve following 12-weeks of HIIT. Therefore, these findings suggest that in this sample, 12-weeks of HIIT does not appear to influence cvBRS.

Download or read book THE EFFECTS OF AGE ON ENDOTHELIAL RESPONSE TO HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING written by Gabe Gonzalez- Contreras and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: The world population is growing exponentially older. The age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, termed sarcopenia, leads to loss of function and independence, disability, and increased mortality. Declining endothelial function during aging may increase dysfunction in muscle. Exercise may partly rescue muscle vascular function. High intensity interval training (HIIT) is a form of exercise that involves short bursts of intense exercise alternated with low intensity recovery periods. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of age on endothelial response to HIIT. We also sought to determine the impact of HIIT on capillarization in both adult and older adult mice. Homogenized gastrocnemius C57BL/6 mice samples were used. The study randomly assigned C57BL/6 mice to a 13-week program of HIIT, with an additional sedentary control group. Randomized mice were adult ages (aged 6 months to 10 months) or older adult ages (aged 22 months to 26 months). Due to complications incurred during the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, 28-months old mice served as the sedentary control group (28m). The functional ability of each mouse was measured pre- and post-training using our comprehensive functional assessment battery (CFAB) composite scoring system, consisting of five validated tests. Sarcopenia was measured through analyses of body composition (EchoMRI) and post-training muscle wet mass. Western immunoblots were performed using gastrocnemius homogenates to determine expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent angiogenic promoter, and immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the capillary to fiber ratio. We observed no statistically significant differences in VEGF expression with either age or exercise status compared to controls two days after the final training session, comparing means with a 1-Way ANOVA. However, due to large individual sample variation limiting power in the ANOVA, we used independent samples t-test, finding older mice had significantly less baseline VEGF expression, VEGF in older mice HIIT group tended to be elevated compared to controls, and HIIT restored VEGF levels to baseline levels of young adult mice. Immunohistochemistry results showed no statistical difference in capillarization between groups (HIIT, CON) in the older adult mice, albeit with a low n=3 per group. Results from the present study suggest that a HIIT training mode may not lead to chronically elevated VEGF levels within muscle in adults but may do so in older adults. This suggests that incorporating HIIT may enhance endothelial health in older adults. Future work is needed to determine if VEGF increased transiently after acute exercise bouts, and whether age plays a role in this response.

Download or read book The Effects of a Six week High Intensity Interval Training Program on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Sedentary Individuals written by Nicholas M. Hoster and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: