Download or read book The Holocaust in Lithuania Between 1941 and 1944 written by Arūnas Bubnys and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A booklet presenting a brief account of the events of the Holocaust in Lithuania, divided into three periods: June-November 1941, when, through pogroms and Nazi mass shootings, 80% of Lithuanian Jews were murdered; December 1941-March 1943 - a period in which the Nazis exploited the Jewish work force; and April 1943-July 1944, when the remnants of the Lithuanian Jews were killed. Focuses on the ghettos in Kaunas and Vilnius, and mentions Jewish resistance as well as help rendered to Jews by some Lithuanians. Includes photographs.
Download or read book The Holocaust in Lithuania Between 1941 and 1944 written by Arūnas Bubnys and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Whoever Saves One Life written by D. Kuodytė and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Resistance and Survival written by Sara Ginaite-Rubinson and published by Mosaic Press. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The image of author Sara Ginaite-Rubinson at the start of her memoir is iconic in terms of the Jewish Resistance movement during WWII, and is featured prominently in the Holocaust Museum. First published in Lithuania in 1999, this book received very wide critical acclaim and is now considered one of the seminal works on Lithuanian Jewry during the Holocaust period. It is co-published with the Holocaust Centre of Toronto, UJA Federation
Download or read book How Did It Happen written by Christoph Dieckmann and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this compelling book, Lithuanian author Ruta Vanagaite holds an extended conversation with noted historian Christoph Dieckmann. His exploration of the causes and consequences of the Holocaust in Lithuania provides the first overview for general readers that considers the perspectives of all the central groups involved—Jews, Lithuanians, and Germans. Drawing on a rich array of sources in all the key languages—Yiddish, Ivrit, Lithuanian, and German—Dieckmann considers not only the Berlin-based orientation of the German perpetrators but also the space where the Shoah took place—Lithuanian society with its Jewish minority under German occupation. He contends that this “space” of mass crimes is always linked with warfare and occupation. The Holocaust was unprecedented, but he makes a powerful case it cannot be isolated from the other mass crimes that took place at the same time in the same space against thousands of Soviet prisoners of war and forced refugees from the Soviet territories. Dieckmann shows that the Holocaust could not have unfolded throughout German-dominated Europe without the conditional cooperation of non-Germans in each occupied country. Existing antisemitism was radicalized from the 1930s onward, turning Jews, under the enormous stress of unrelenting warfare and often instable conditions of occupation, into what were perceived as deadly enemies. The Holocaust, its history and memory, can only be understood through this broader context. The authors’ searching exchanges illuminate the most profound questions we have as we struggle to understand the Holocaust.
Download or read book The Massacre of the Jews of Lithuania written by Karen Sutton and published by Gefen Books. This book was released on 2008 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reports on the Nazi genocide of Jews in Lithuania, dwelling on Lithuanian collaboration in the Holocaust or passive response to it. Describes the Holocaust in Vilnius, Kaunas, and some other places, and Jewish reactions to it, including attempts at resistance. Dismisses theories that the cause of Lithuanian collaboration was the widespread linkage of Jews with communism and the real or exaggerated Jewish role in the Sovietization of Lithuania in 1940-41. Although the traumatic experience of Sovietization exacerbated the ethnic conflict in Lithuania, those Lithuanians who murdered Jews in Kaunas, Vilnius, and elsewhere acted out of pre-existing hatred. The root of this hatred, which manifested itself in the prewar period as well, was economic competition with the Jews and religious and cultural distance from them. Argues that the Lithuanians showed an ability to resist Nazi policies in situations that were vital to them, e.g. concerning mobilization for work in Germany. They could have also resisted the Nazi genocide of Jews, but it was not regarded as vital.
Download or read book The Holocaust in Lithuania 1941 1945 written by Rose Cohen and published by Gefen Books. This book was released on 2002 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents lists of names of Holocaust victims, including names of parents, place and date of birth and death, place of residence, and occupation, culled from lists found in various institutions and from private sources. Vol. I includes an introduction on the Holocaust in Lithuania, a list of cities and towns where Jews were massacred, a reference list, Web sites relating to Holocaust localities, maps, variant place names, and testimonies (pp. 120-129). The names are not listed alphabetically, but rather according to the source, which is then divided by the running number of the entry in the source database.
Download or read book Current Discourses on the Holocaust in Lithuania written by Johannes Langer and published by VDM Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two competing narratives of the Holocaust in Lithuania exist in the nation's collective memory. Lithuanians largely follow a narrative that presents themselves as the victim of World War II, particularly during the Stalinist occupation. This view is in strong contrast to the Jewish memory because about 95% of Lithuania's Jewry was wiped out during the Nazi occupation. Although it was the Germans who organized and implemented the Holocaust, the mass killings of some 200,000 Jews could not have taken place that quickly and thoroughly from 1941 to 1944 without the local collaboration in Lithuania. Instead of a self-critical discourse about the past, Lithuanians still prefer to downplay the role of their compatriots. The main challenge is that the Jewish genocide is not recognized as part of Lithuania's history. Although Jews were Lithuanian citizens, it seems that they were aliens and not natives to the country. A collective memory of the Holocaust in Lithuania which critically reflects the past will remain a forgotten discourse to Lithuanians, most likely also in the near future.
Download or read book The Last Days of the Jerusalem of Lithuania written by Herman Kruk and published by . This book was released on 1994-11-30 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For five horrifying years in Vilna, the Vilna ghetto, and concentration camps in Estonia, Herman Kruk recorded his own experiences as well as the life and death of the Jewish community of the city symbolically called "The Jerusalem of Lithuania." This unique chronicle includes many recovered pages of Kruk's diaries and provides a powerful eyewitness account of the annihilation of the Jewish communities of Eastern Europe. This volume includes the Yiddish edition of Kruk's diaries, published in 1961 and translated here for the first time, as well as many widely scattered pages of the chronicles, collected here for the first time and meticulously deciphered, translated, and annotated. Kruk describes vividly the collapse of Poland in September, 1939, life as a refugee in Vilna, the manhunt that destroyed most of Vilna Jewry in the summer of 1941, the creation of a ghetto and the persecution and self-rule of the remnants of the "Jerusalem of Lithuania," the internment of the last survivors in concentration camps in Estonia, and their brutal deaths. Kruk scribbled his final diary entry on September 17, 1944, managing to bury the small, loose pages of his manuscript just hours before he and other camp inmates were shot to death and their bodies burnt on a pyre. Kruk's writings illuminate the tragedy of the Vilna Jews and their courageous efforts to maintain an ideological, social, and cultural life even as their world was being destroyed. To read Kruk's day-by-day account of the unfolding of the Holocaust is to discern the possibilities for human courage and perseverance even in the face of profound fear.
Download or read book German Lithuanian Collaboration in the Final Solution written by Karen Friedman and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surprising conclusion here is that the Lithuanians were not puppets of the Germans, but showed ability to maneuver and resist German directives. Nonetheless, 90 per cent of Lithuanian Jews perished in the Holocaust.
Download or read book The Vanished World of Lithuanian Jews written by Alvydas Nikžentaitis and published by Rodopi. This book was released on 2004 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lithuanian Jews, Litvaks, played an important and unique role not only within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, but in a wider context of Jewish life and culture in Eastern Europe, too. The changing world around them at the end of the nineteenth century and during the first decades of the twentieth had a profound impact not only on the Jewish communities, but also on a parallel world of the "others," that is, those who lived with them side by side. Exploring and demonstrating this development from various angles is one of the themes and objectives of this book. Another is the analysis of the Shoah, which ended the centuries of Jewish culture in Lithuania: a world of its own had vanished within months. This book, therefore, "recalls" that vanished world. In doing so, it sheds new light on what has been lost. The papers presented in this collection were delivered at the international conferences in Nida (1997) and Telsiai (2001), Lithuania. Participants came from Israel, the USA, Great Britain, Poland, Russia, Belarus, Germany, and Lithuania.
Download or read book Surviving the Holocaust written by Avraham Tory and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1991-09-01 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This remarkable chronicle of life and death in the Jewish Ghetto of Kovno, Lithuania, from June 1941 to January 1944, was written under conditions of extreme danger by a Ghetto inmate and secretary of the Jewish Council. After the war, in order to escape from Lithuania, the author was forced to entrust the diary to leaders of the Escape movement; eventually it made its way to his new home in Israel. The diary incorporates Avraham Tory’s collections of official documents, Jewish Council reports, and original photographs and drawings made in the Ghetto. It depicts in grim detail the struggle for survival under Nazi domination, when—if not simply carted off and murdered in a random “action”—Jews were exploited as slave labor while being systematically starved and denied adequate housing and medical care. Through it all, Tory’s overriding purpose was to record the unimaginable events of these years and to memorialize the determination of the Jews to sustain their community life in the midst of the Nazi terror. Of the surviving diaries originating in the principal European Ghettos of this period, Tory’s is the longest written by an adult, a dramatic and horrifying document that makes an invaluable contribution to contemporary history. Tory provides an insider’s view of the desperate efforts of Ghetto leaders to protect Jews. Martin Gilbert’s masterly introduction establishes the authenticity of the diary, presents its events against the backdrop of the war in Europe, and considers the crucial questions of collaboration and resistance.
Download or read book Our People written by Ruta Vanagaite and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-03-15 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A famous Nazi hunter and a descendent of Nazi collaborators team up on a journey to uncover Lithuania’s Holocaust secrets. This remarkable book traces the quest for the truth about the Holocaust in Lithuania by two ostensible enemies: Rūta a descendant of the perpetrators, Efraim a descendant of the victims. Rūta Vanagaitė, a successful Lithuanian writer, was motivated by her recent discoveries that some of her relatives had played a role in the mass murder of Jews and that Lithuanian officials had tried to hide the complicity of local collaborators. Efraim Zuroff, a noted Israeli Nazi hunter, had both professional and personal motivations. He had worked for years to bring Lithuanian war criminals to justice and to compel local authorities to tell the truth about the Holocaust in their country. The facts that his maternal grandparents were born in Lithuania and that he was named for a great-uncle who was murdered with his family in Vilnius with the active help of Lithuanians made his search personal as well. Our People exposes the significant role in implementing the Final Solution played by local political leaders and the prewar Lithuanian administration that remained in place during the Nazi occupation. It also tackles the sensitive issue of the motivation of thousands of ordinary Lithuanians who were complicit in the murder of their Jewish neighbors. At the heart of the book, these are the issues that Rūta and Efraim discuss, debate, and analyze as they crisscross the country to visit dozens of Holocaust mass murder sites in Lithuania and neighboring Belarus. This book follows them on their remarkable journey as they search for neglected graves, interview eyewitnesses, and uncover hints of the rich life that had existed in hundreds of Jewish communities throughout Lithuania.
Download or read book Resistance and Survival written by Sara Ginaitė-Rubinsonienė and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The image of author Sara Ginaite-Rubinson at the start of her memoir is iconic in terms of the Jewish Resistance movement during WWII, and is featured prominently in the Holocaust Museum. First published in Lithuania in 1999, this book received very wide critical acclaim and is now considered one of the seminal works on Lithuanian Jewry during the Holocaust period. It is co-published with the Holocaust Centre of Toronto, UJA Federation.
Download or read book The Tragedy of Lithuania 1941 1944 written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Undigested Past written by Robert van Voren and published by Rodopi. This book was released on 2011 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preliminary Material -- Introduction -- Acknowledgements -- Lithuanian Historical Background -- Origins of Anti-Semitism -- Jewish Life in Lithuania between World Wars -- The Holocaust in Lithuania -- Issues of Compliance and Collaboration -- The Human Dimension -- Why Did it Happen? -- From Black and White to Shades of Grey -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index of Names -- About the Author.
Download or read book The Holocaust in the Soviet Union written by Yitzhak Arad and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2020-05-27 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, and Yad Vashem, Jerusalem The Holocaust in the Soviet Union is the most complete account to date of the Soviet Jews during the World War II and the Holocaust (1941-45). Reports, records, documents, and research previously unavailable in English enable Yitzhak Arad to trace the Holocaust in the German-occupied territories of the Soviet Union through three separate periods in which German political and military goals in the occupied territories dictated the treatment of the Jews. Arad's examination of the differences between the Holocaust in the Soviet Union compared to other European nations reveals how Nazi ideological attacks on the Soviet Union, which included war on "Judeo-Bolshevism," led to harsher treatment of Jews in the Soviet Union than in most other occupied territories. This historical narrative presents a wealth of information from German, Russian, and Jewish archival sources that will be invaluable to scholars, researchers, and the general public for years to come.
