Download or read book The Hazard from Fires of Small Loads of Flexible Polyurethane Foam written by G. W. V. Stark and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tests have been made in which the toxic gases and smoke produced from fires in rooms of polyurethane flexible foam in amounts representative of those likely to be found in domestic premises, have been measured. The tests have shown that all types of polyurethane foam tested, (unmodified, flame retardant, high resilience cold cure, and a recently introduced improved foam) ignited from small additional amounts of cellulosic material, and, except for the smallest fire load of two cushion squabs, were completely burned. The last three foams went out leaving some residual foam when only two cushions were tested. Although the smoke and toxic gases produced during the fires of two squabs were small and unlikely to present a risk to occupants, fires of larger amounts, representative of fully furnished rooms, produced sufficient smoke to impede escape, and amounts of the toxic gases, carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide and nitrogen oxides, that would present a lethal risk even after dilution of the fire gases with cool air to temperatures that could be borne for short periods. Tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) was not detected in any test. The detection limit was 3 ppm. The rate of production of smoke and toxic gases was such that, if they escaped from the room on fire to the remainder of a dwelling, the atmosphere in the whole of the dwelling would become hazardous in a few minutes.
Download or read book Fire Toxicity written by A A Stec and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-03-12 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxic fire effluents are responsible for the majority of fire deaths, and an increasing large majority of fire injuries, driven by the widespread and increasing use of synthetic polymers. Fire safety has focused on preventing ignition and reducing flame spread through reducing the rate of heat release, while neglecting the important issue of fire toxicity. This is the first reference work on fire toxicity and the only scientific publication on the subject in the last 15 years. Assessment of toxic effects of fires is increasingly being recognised as a key factor in the assessment of fire hazards. This book raises important issues including the types of toxic effluents that different fires produce, their physiological effects, methods for generation and assessment of fire toxicity, current and proposed regulations and approaches to modelling the toxic impact of fires. The contributors to Fire toxicity represent an international team of the leading experts in each aspect of this challenging and important field. This book provides an important reference work for professionals in the fire community, including fire fighters, fire investigators, regulators, fire safety engineers, and formulators of fire-safe materials. It will also prove invaluable to researchers in academia and industry. Investigates the controversial subject of toxic effluents as the cause of the majority of fire deaths and injuries Describes the different types of toxic effluents and the specific fires that they produce, their physiological effects and methods for generation Provides an overview of national and international fire safety regulations including current and proposed regulations such as a standardized framework for prediction of fire gas toxicity
Download or read book Combustion of mattresses exposed to flaming ignition sources written by Vytenis Babrauskas and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NBSIR written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Flexible Polyurethane Foam written by British Rubber Manufacturers' Association and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Journal of Consumer Product Flammability written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Flexible Polyurethane Foam written by Peter Geoffrey Kirk and published by . This book was released on 1975-01-01 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polyurethane and Fire written by F. H. Prager and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-08-21 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of all facets of the fire performance examination and evaluation of flexible and rigid polyurethane foams in the various fields of building construction, furniture and furnishings, transportation and electric appliances. The basic information concerning the relevance of the different test procedures allows realistic requirements to be set, guaranteeing more safety in the case of fire. The legal requirements are based on laboratory test methods and the book describes their relevance in relation to real fire scenarios. A must-have reference for producers, suppliers and manufacturers of polyurethanes.
Download or read book Cellular Polymers written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Journal of Fire Flammability written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polyurethane and Fire written by F. H. Prager and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-02 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of all facets of the fire performance examination and evaluation of flexible and rigid polyurethane foams in the various fields of building construction, furniture and furnishings, transportation and electric appliances. The basic information concerning the relevance of the different test procedures allows realistic requirements to be set, guaranteeing more safety in the case of fire. The legal requirements are based on laboratory test methods and the book describes their relevance in relation to real fire scenarios. From the contents: Fire protection problems Definition of the fire performance criteria Essential fire scenarios Research of causes of fires Preventive fire protection-fire performance requirements Material-related fire performance characteristics of PUR - general use and interpretation of test results Recommendations A must-have reference for producers, suppliers and manufacturers of polyurethanes.
Download or read book Advances in Combustion Toxicology Volume I written by Gordon E. Hartzell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-05-09 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the three basic areas of combustion toxicology: combustion of materials, assessment of the toxicity of smoke, and understanding of hazards to humans. It is based on the papers published in the Journal of Fire Sciences during 1983-1987.
Download or read book Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials written by Charles A. Wilkie and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-07-29 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials provides a single source for all aspects of this highly challenging field of applied research. This authoritative book covers design and non-fire requirements that drive how these materials are fire protected. Detailed study and consideration of chemistry, physics, materials science, economic issues and fire safety science is necessary to address considerations of mechanical, thermal, environmental, and end-use requirements on top of fire protection means that the field requires. This thoroughly revised new edition continues to offer comprehensive coverage of the scientific approach for those developing fire safe materials. It covers new topics such as bio-based materials, regulatory issues, recycling, newer flame retardant chemical classes, and more details on how to flame retard materials for specific market applications. Written by a team of experts, this book covers the fundamentals of polymer burning and combustion and how to apply fire protection or flame-retardant chemistries to specific material classes and applications. The book is written for material scientists and fire safety scientists who seek to develop new fire safe materials or understand why materials burn in our modern environment. Features Connects fundamentals of material flammability to practical fire safety needs Covers current fire safety requirements and regulations affecting flame retardant selection Provides information on chemical structure-property relationships for flame retardancy Provides practical guidance on how to design fire safe materials for specific fire risk scenarios The new edition is expanded to 32 chapters and all chapters are updated and revised with the newest information
Download or read book Publications of the National Bureau of Standards 1978 Catalog written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polymeric Foams written by Shau-Tarng Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-05-27 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the inaugural volume a series entitled Polymeric Foams: Technology and Applications. Generally, thermoplastic and thermoset foams have been treated as two separate practices in industry. Polymeric Foams: Mechanisms and Materials presents the basics of foaming in general build a strong foundation to those working in both thermoplastic a
Download or read book DOE Annual List of Publications written by Great Britain. Departments of the Environment and Transport Library Services and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Catalog written by National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
