Download or read book Clitics Between Syntax and Lexicon written by Birgit Gerlach and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a typical interface phenomenon, clitics have become increasingly important in linguistic theory during the last decade. The present book contributes to the recent discussion and first provides a comprehensive overview of clitic sequencing, clitic placement and clitic doubling in the major Romance languages. In addition, new data from a northern Italian dialect are introduced. The author then gives a critical summary of the current morphological analyses of clitic phenomena. She also discusses recent Optimality-theoretical analyses of clitic combinations and clitic placement and shows how these analyses can be improved upon when we also consider a morphological treatment of clitics. This book provides innovative solutions to clitic phenomena within the framework of a constraint-based morphological theory and will be of interest not only to morphologists, syntacticians and those working on the grammar of Romance languages, but also to linguists who are interested in the organisation of the grammar and the lexicon.
Download or read book On the Placement and Morphology of Clitics written by Aaron Halpern and published by Center for the Study of Language (CSLI). This book was released on 1995 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from a variety of languages, this book investigates the place of clitics in the theory of language structure, and their implications for the relationships between syntax, morphology and phonology. It is argued that the least powerful theory of language requires us to recognise at least two classes of clitics, one with the syntax of independent phrases and the other with the syntax of inflectional affixes. It is also argued that prosodic conditions may influence the surface position of clitics beyond what may be accomplished by filtering potential syntactic structures. Finally, the relationship between syntactic, morphological, and phonological constituents within wordlike elements is explored.
Download or read book Clitics in the wild written by Zrinka Kolaković and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collective monograph is the first data-oriented, empirical in-depth study of the system of clitics on Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian. It fills the gap between the theoretical and normative literature by including solid data on variation found in dialects and spoken language and obtained from massive Web Corpora and speakers’ acceptability judgements. The authors investigate three primary sources of variation: inventory, placement and morphonological processes. A separate part of the book is dedicated to the phenomenon of clitic climbing, the major challenge for any syntactic theory. The theory of complexity serves as the explanation for the very diverse constraints on clitic climbing established in the empirical studies. It allows to construct a series of hierarchies where the factors relevant for predicting clitic climbing interact with each other. Thus, the study pushes our understanding of clitics away from fine-grained descriptions and syntactic generalisations towards a probabilistic modelling of syntax.
Download or read book Clitics written by Andrew Spencer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-12 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most languages we find 'little words' which resemble a full word, but which cannot stand on their own. Instead they have to 'lean on' a neighbouring word, like the 'd, 've and unstressed 'em of Kim'd've helped'em ('Kim would have helped them'). These are clitics, and they are found in most of the world's languages. In English the clitic forms appear in the same place in the sentence that the full form of the word would appear in but in many languages clitics obey quite separate rules of placement. This book is the first introduction to clitics, providing a complete summary of their properties, their uses, the reasons why they are of interest to linguists and the various theoretical approaches that have been proposed for them. The book describes a whole host of clitic systems and presents data from over 100 languages.
Download or read book Aspects of the Theory of Clitics written by Stephen R. Anderson and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2005 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to cover the grammar of clitics from all points of view, including their phonology and syntax and relation to morphology. In the process, it deals with the relation of second position clitics to verb-second phenomena in Germanic and other languages, the grammar of contracted auxiliary verbs in English, noun incorporation constructions, and several other much discussed topics in grammar. Stephen Anderson includes analyses of a number of particular languages, andsome of these - such as Kwakw'ala ("Kwakiutl) and Surmiran Rumantsch - are based on his own field research. The study of clitics has broad implications for a general understanding of sentence structure in natural language. Stephen Anderson's clearly-written, wide-ranging, and original account will be of wide interest to scholars and advanced students of phonology, morphology, and syntax.
Download or read book Clitics between Syntax and Lexicon written by Birgit Gerlach and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2002-10-10 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a typical interface phenomenon, clitics have become increasingly important in linguistic theory during the last decade. The present book contributes to the recent discussion and first provides a comprehensive overview of clitic sequencing, clitic placement and clitic doubling in the major Romance languages. In addition, new data from a northern Italian dialect are introduced. The author then gives a critical summary of the current morphological analyses of clitic phenomena. She also discusses recent Optimality-theoretical analyses of clitic combinations and clitic placement and shows how these analyses can be improved upon when we also consider a morphological treatment of clitics. This book provides innovative solutions to clitic phenomena within the framework of a constraint-based morphological theory and will be of interest not only to morphologists, syntacticians and those working on the grammar of Romance languages, but also to linguists who are interested in the organisation of the grammar and the lexicon.
Download or read book The Syntax of Ditransitives written by Elena Anagnostopoulou and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2003 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book investigates the nature and properties of indirect objects and develops a typology of double object constructions on the basis of an examination of a variety of data within and across languages. It argues for a four-class division of double object constructions depending on (a) a type of case on the goal argument and (b) whether the goal is introduced by a zero applicative head or is an argument of the main verb. The central questions addressed revolve around locality, case and the structural representation of double object constructions.
Download or read book Clitics in Greek written by Marios Mavrogiorgos and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph investigates the morpho-syntactic and other properties of clitic pronouns in Greek and offers a grammar of proclisis and enclisis in light of Chomsky s (1995, 2001a, 2005) Minimalist Program. It explores the nature of clitics as syntactic topicalizers which are probed by structurally higher verbal heads to which they move and into which they incorporate morpho-syntactically. A theory is advanced according to which cliticization derives from syntactic agreement between (the phi-features of) a clitic pronoun and a phase head, v* in the case of proclisis and CM in the case of enclisis. Incorporation of the clitic into its host is argued to depend on two factors, i.e. the fact that the clitic only contains a subset of the features of its host, and the fact that the edge of the host is accessible. Also, the syntax of strong pronouns and their relation to clitics, of negated imperatives, of surrogate imperatives and of free clitic ordering in Greek enclisis are also discussed. This monograph would appeal to syntacticians and morphologists as well as to those interested in Greek and more generally in clitic syntax."
Download or read book Movement and Clitics written by Linda Escobar and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-08 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers selected papers from the workshops Facing Movement and Meeting Clitics held in the context of the Barcelona Linguistic Institute. The authors explore a wide variety of languages, from Icelandic to Mayan, from Japanese to Russian and Italian, from various data sources: adult grammar, first and second language acquisition, developmental language disorders and language change. The papers on movement address the issues of reconstruction in parasitic gaps; the alternation between short and long distance movement in Germanic; subextraction from subjects; wh- in situ in Greek; word order alternations derived by movement in bilingual acquisition; intervention effects in L2 acquisition of Chinese; multiple wh- fronting in L2; and production of wh- questions in L1, L2 and SLI in French. In the papers on clitics, the theoretical issues considered include: the affixal character of subject clitics in L1; the morphological complexity of clitics; proclisis versus enclisis; the restrictions on cooccurrence of clitics in causative and other constructions; clitic placement in relation to L2 and language change; clitics as demarcative markers; and the acquisition of pronominal clitics in European Portuguese.
Download or read book Clitics and Constituents in Phrase Structure Grammar written by Philip H. Miller and published by Philip Miller. This book was released on 1992 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Handbook of Slavic Clitics written by Steven Franks and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-23 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clitics are grammatical elements that are treated as independent words in syntax but form a phonological unit with the word that precedes or follows it. This volume brings together the facts about clitics in the Slavic languages, where they have become a focal points of recent research. The authors draw relevant generalizations across the Slavic languages and highlight the importance of these phenomena for linguistic theory.
Download or read book Some Problems in a Theory of Clitics written by Judith L. Klavans and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aspects of the Theory of Clitics written by Stephen R. Anderson and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2005 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stephen Anderson's clearly-written, wide-ranging, and original account will be of wide interest to scholars and advanced students of phonology, morphology, and syntax."--Jacket.
Download or read book Pronouns and Clitics in Early Language written by Pilar Larranaga and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional grammars have stated that clitics are subject or object pronouns whose distributional features make them different from personal pronouns. This book focuses on the acquisition of personal and demonstrative pronouns as well as clitics with respect to determinative phrases in a variety of languages of the Romance family and several indigenous languages, such as Quechua. A particularly original aspect of the present volume is that it not only addresses syntactic issues, but also semantic and pragmatic questions that have been widely neglected in the literature. It also reports on acquisition data of languages, such as Quechua, which have not attracted the attention of researchers until very recently.
Download or read book Clitics written by Andrew Spencer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-12 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In most languages we find 'little words' which resemble a full word, but which cannot stand on their own. Instead they have to 'lean on' a neighbouring word, like the 'd, 've and unstressed 'em of Kim'd've helped'em ('Kim would have helped them'). These are clitics, and they are found in most of the world's languages. In English the clitic forms appear in the same place in the sentence that the full form of the word would appear in but in many languages clitics obey quite separate rules of placement. This book is the first introduction to clitics, providing a complete summary of their properties, their uses, the reasons why they are of interest to linguists and the various theoretical approaches that have been proposed for them. The book describes a whole host of clitic systems and presents data from over 100 languages.
Download or read book Clitic Phenomena in European Languages written by Frits H. Beukema and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is concerned with a number of central issues in the theory of clitics, a topic that has become much debated in recent years. Mainly written within a recent generative framework, its contrastive approach discusses these issues against the background of a number of European languages, among which the Balkan Slavic languages figure prominently. The question as to whether clitics are to be located in the syntax or in the phonology or in both is addressed in articles by Bokovi?, Progovac and Franks, who also provides a thorough introductory essay to the volume. There are detailed studies on clitic behavior in Greek relative clauses (Alexiadou and Anagnostopolou), Bulgarian and English DPs (Dimitrova-Vulchanova), the various Romance languages (Franco), Slovene (Golden and Milojevi? Sheppard), Albanian and Greek (Kallulli) and Macedonian (Tomi?). Finally, the book contains a discourse-related description of clitic doubling in Balkan Slavic languages (Schick). The book should be of interest to any scholar, theoretical or descriptive, whose research touches upon the central phenomenon of cliticisation.
Download or read book The Grammar of Clitics written by Joan Mascaró and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
