Download or read book Oral Biofilms written by S. Eick and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2020-12-21 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofilms are highly organized polymicrobial communities that are embedded in an extracellular matrix and formed on natural and artificial surfaces. In the oral cavity, biofilms are formed not only on natural teeth, but also on restorative materials, prosthetic constructions, and dental implants. Oral diseases like caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, and also pulp inflammation are associated with biofilms. This publication is an up-to-date overview on oral biofilms from different clinically relevant perspectives. Experts comprising basic researchers and clinicians report on recent research relating to biofilms - from general summaries to recommendations for daily clinical work. This book covers all aspects of oral biofilms, including models used in the laboratory, biofilms in dental water unit lines, periodontal and peri-implant biofilms, caries-related biofilms, halitosis, endodontic biofilms, and Candida infections, as well as biofilms on dental materials and on orthodontic appliances. Several chapters deal with anti-biofilm therapy, from the efficacy of mechanical methods and the use of antimicrobials, to alternative concepts. This publication is particularly recommended to dental medicine students, practitioners, other oral healthcare professionals, and scientists with an interest in translational research on biofilms.

Download or read book The Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology written by Martin H. Floch and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-11-16 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology: Implications for Human Health, Prebiotics, Probiotics and Dysbiosis is a one-stop reference on the state-of-the-art research on gut microbial ecology in relation to human disease. This important resource starts with an overview of the normal microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract, including the esophagus, stomach, Ileum, and colon. The book then identifies what a healthy vs. unhealthy microbial community looks like, including methods of identification. Also included is insight into which features and contributions the microbiota make that are essential and useful to host physiology, as is information on how to promote appropriate mutualisms and prevent undesirable dysbioses. Through the power of synthesizing what is known by experienced researchers in the field, current gaps are closed, raising understanding of the role of the microbiome and allowing for further research. - Explains how to modify the gut microbiota and how the current strategies used to do this produce their effects - Explores the gut microbiota as a therapeutic target - Provides the synthesis of existing data from both mainstream and non-mainstream sources through experienced researchers in the field - Serves as a 'one-stop' shop for a topic that's currently spread across a number of various journals

Download or read book Pouchitis and Ileal Pouch Disorders written by Bo Shen and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-11-05 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pouchitis and Ileal Pouch Disorders: A Multidisciplinary Approach for Diagnosis and Management provides much needed information on the evolution of pouch surgery, pouch surgery techniques, and surgery-associated complications, including inflammatory, functional, neoplastic, and metabolic complications. The book provides information on the anatomy of the pouch, pathogenesis of pouchitis and other pouch disorders, proper diagnostic modalities, and medical, endoscopic and surgical options for those disorders. The information has been compiled from a panel of national and international leading experts in the field, including basic scientists, gastrointestinal (GI) pathologists, GI radiologists, gastroenterologists, and more. - Features never-before-published information and technology from the vast experience of the contributors and editors in diagnosis and medical, endoscopic, and surgical management of pouchitis and other pouch disorders - Contains easy to access recommendations from experts - Provides access to an accompanying website with videos of endoscopic demonstrations of various configurations of the pouch, endoscopic evaluation of pouch disorders, and endoscopic treatment of pouch strictures, fistula, and anastomotic leaks/sinuses

Download or read book Microbial Biofilms written by Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the book Microbial Biofilms: Importance and applications, eminent scientists provide an up-to-date review of the present and future trends on biofilm-related research. This book is divided with four subdivisions as biofilm fundamentals, applications, health aspects, and their control. Moreover, this book also provides a comprehensive account on microbial interactions in biofilms, pyocyanin, and extracellular DNA in facilitating Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation, atomic force microscopic studies of biofilms, and biofilms in beverage industry. The book comprises a total of 21 chapters from valued contributions from world leading experts in Australia, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Serbia, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, and Turkey. This book may be used as a text or reference for everyone interested in biofilms and their applications. It is also highly recommended for environmental microbiologists, soil scientists, medical microbiologists, bioremediation experts, and microbiologists working in biocorrosion, biofouling, biodegradation, water microbiology, quorum sensing, and many other related areas. Scientists in academia, research laboratories, and industry will also find it of interest.

Download or read book Head Neck and Orofacial Infections E book written by James R. Hupp and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2024-06-07 with total page 1306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing full-color coverage of best practices, Head, Neck, and Orofacial Infections: An Interdisciplinary Approach, 2nd Edition, is an authoritative resource offering in-depth guidelines to the diagnosis and management of pathology due to severe infections. Comprehensive, evidence-based coverage presents both cutting-edge and time-tested approaches to recognizing and handling infections. From well-known academia and clinical educator James Hupp and accomplished surgeon Elie Ferneini, with chapters authored by expert contributors, this book is ideal for use as a clinical resource for a wide array of healthcare providers, as well as to prepare for licensure examination and board certification. NEW! Cutting-edge content covers microbiologic nomenclature, anti-microbial agents, understanding of viruses and anti-viral drugs, the management of patients during pandemics, and the team approach to managing infections of unknown origin or resistant to the usual treatment strategies. NEW! Full-color clinical images enhance understanding of key concepts in the text. NEW! eBook version, included with print purchase, provides access to all the text, figures, and references with the ability to search, customize content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. UPDATED! Appendices include illustrative case reports. Comprehensive, easy-to-read coverage addresses the basic science, clinical diagnosis, and holistic management of a broad range of head, neck, and orofacial infections with both time-tested and cutting-edge approaches to patient management. More than 500 photographs, radiographs, and illustrations demonstrate pathologies, procedures, and outcomes. World-class authors and contributors share their expertise from the disciplines including infectious disease, head and neck surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, and otolaryngology, as well as other disciplines involving severe infections of the head, neck, and orofacial regions. State-of-the-art guidance reflects extensive experience with current techniques, as well as technological advances in managing head, neck, and orofacial infections. A logical, sectioned approach to the content includes three sections: I) issues that are common to all infections of the head and neck region, II) infections of specific parts of the region, and III) infections related to certain procedures, types of patients, unusual organisms, and medical-legal implications.

Download or read book Immunity and Inflammation in Health and Disease written by Shampa Chatterjee and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-08-31 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunity and Inflammation in Health and Disease: Emerging Roles of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in Immune Support provides a comprehensive description of the various pathways by which the vertebrate immune system works, the signals that trigger immune response and how fnew and novel nutraceuticals and functional foods, can be used to contain inflammation and also to boost immunity and immune health. Inflammation is a tool to fight pathogens and the vertebrate immune system has a very complex network of cells to achieve this. However inflammation that goes awry is also the leding cause of several diseases ranging from cardiovascular diseases to diabetes. This book covers the entire gamut from the various cellular players in the inflammation-immune response to its ramifications in terms of protection against pathogens as well as in onset of metabolic, aging and auto-immune related diseases. Finally, the balancing role of dietary nutrients between host defence and immune support is also showcased. The first three scetions explain the various components of the immune system and their modes of activation. The fourth section deals with the ramifications of a robust and execessive inflammatory response. The fifth section is focused on the association between nutrition and immunity and how deficiencies in certain nutrients may affect immunocompetence. The sixth section chapters represent a vision of paradigm shifts within the field and discusses possible future directions. This bool will be a valuable reference for researchers studying immune health either in academia, or in the nutraceutical or functional food industries. Product developers in nutraceutical, supplement, functional food, and health food companies will also appreciate the information presented here. - Conceptualizes the key features in natural products which can boost immune function and immune health - Explains the intricate mechanistic aspects and balance behind immune health - Presents the pathophysiology of several diseases associated with immune system disruption

Download or read book Molecular Typing in Bacterial Infections written by Ivano de Filippis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-07 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Typing in Bacterial Infections covers common bacterial pathogenic agents, with the most effective methods for their identification and classification in the light of their specific epidemiology. The book will be a valuable resource for molecular typing of infectious diseases agents encountered in both the research and hospital clinical lab settings, as well as culture collections. Each chapter provides an overview of molecular approaches to typing bacterial pathogens. Part I gives a general overview of typing methods used in the traditional microbiology laboratory in comparison to molecular methods of epidemiology. In Part II, the relative strengths and weaknesses of the different methods applicable to the specific agents of infectious diseases are emphasized. Specific emphasis is placed on recent changes and updates in molecular typing.

Download or read book Bacterial Adhesion to Cells and Tissues written by Itzhak Ofek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attachment to host cells or tissues is often the first step in the establishment of bacterial infections. A complex array of recognition, attachment, and virulence factors is involved in this process, which recent research has greatly illuminated. This comprehensive and authoritative volume discusses the specific cell and tissue-specific affinities of pathogenic microorganisms, including bioinorganic surfaces such as teeth, and is an essential reference for researchers and students of host-pathogen interactions.

Download or read book Dental Caries written by Zhou Xuedong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-20 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a well-illustrated and comprehensive guide to the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, clinical management and prevention of dental caries. Current challenging problems in the field are analyzed and the latest research findings, presented. After an introductory chapter on tooth development, the relationships of biofilm and saliva to dental caries and the significance of the balance between demineralization and remineralization for the development of carious lesions are discussed. Subsequent chapters address the state of the art in diagnosis and treatment, the implications of disease burden for prevention and the association between systemic diseases and dental caries. Dental Caries: Principles and Management is intended for dental school students, practicing dentists and researchers in dentistry.

Download or read book Principles and Practice of Clinical Bacteriology written by Stephen Gillespie and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the last edition of Principles and Practice of Clinical Bacteriology, our understanding of bacterial genetics and pathogenicity has been transformed due to the availability of whole genome sequences and new technologies such as proteomics and transcriptomics. The present, completely revised second edition of this greatly valued work has been developed to integrate this new knowledge in a clinically relevant manner. Principles and Practice of Clinical Bacteriology, Second Edition, provides the reader with invaluable information on the parasitology, pathogenesis, epidemiology and treatment strategies for each pathogen while offering a succinct outline of the best current methods for diagnosis of human bacterial diseases. With contributions from an international team of experts in the field, this book is an invaluable reference work for all clinical microbiologists, infectious disease physicians, public health physicians and trainees within these disciplines.

Download or read book The Perfect Slime written by Hans-Curt Flemming and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-15 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Perfect Slime presents the latest state of knowledge and all aspects of the Extracellular Polymeric Substances, (EPS) matrix – from the ecological and health to the antifouling perspectives. The book brings together all the current material in order to expand our understanding of the functions, properties and characteristics of the matrix as well as the possibilities to strengthen or weaken it. The EPS matrix represents the immediate environment in which biofilm organisms live. From their point of view, this matrix has paramount advantages. It allows them to stay together for extended periods and form synergistic microconsortia, it retains extracellular enzymes and turns the matrix into an external digestion system and it is a universal recycling yard, it protects them against desiccation, it allows for intense communication and represents a huge genetic archive. They can remodel their matrix, break free and eventually, they can use it as a nutrient source. The EPS matrix can be considered as one of the emergent properties of biofilms and are a major reason for the success of this form of life. Nevertheless, they have been termed the “black matter of biofilms” for good reasons. First of all: the isolation methods define the results. In most cases, only water soluble EPS components are investigated; insoluble ones such as cellulose or amyloids are much less included. In particular in environmental biofilms with many species, it is difficult to impossible isolate, separate the various EPS molecules they are encased in and to define which species produced which EPS. The regulation and the factors which trigger or inhibit EPS production are still very poorly understood. Furthermore: bacteria are not the only microorganisms to produce EPS. Archaea, Fungi and algae can also form EPS. This book investigates the questions, What is their composition, function, dynamics and regulation? What do they all have in common?

Download or read book Cowan and Steel s Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria written by Samuel Tertius Cowan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical manual of the key characteristics of the bacteria likely to be encountered in microbiology laboratories and in medical and veterinary practice.

Download or read book Immunobiotics Interactions of Beneficial Microbes with the Immune System written by Julio Villena and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-01-26 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term “immunobiotics” has been proposed to define microbial strains able to beneficially regulate the mucosal immune system. Research in immunobiotics has significantly evolved as researchers employed cutting-edge technologies to investigate the complex interactions of these beneficial microorganisms with the immune system. During the last decade, our understanding of immunobiotics-host interaction was profoundly transformed by the discovery of microbial molecules and host receptors involved in the modulation of gut associated immune system, as well as the systemic and distant mucosal immune systems. In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in the number of reports describing the beneficial effects of immunobiotics in diseases such as intestinal and respiratory infections, allergy, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, immunosuppression, and several other immune-mediated conditions. Evidence is also emerging of immunobiotics related molecules with immunomodulatory functions leading to the production of pharmabiotics, which may positively influence human or animal health. Therefore, research in immunobiotics continue to contribute not only to food but also medical and pharmaceutical fields. The compilation of research articles included in this ebook should help reader to have an overview of the recent advances in immunobiotics.

Download or read book Oral Biology written by Gregory J. Seymour and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-23 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised new edition explores advances in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Beyond the updated chapters, the book delves into regenerative biology, gene editing and the use of CRISPR in oral biology, as well as histone acetylation and deacetylation methods, further reflecting advances in the application of molecular techniques to oral biology. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and up-to-date, Oral Biology: Molecular Techniques and Applications, Third Edition serves as an ideal basic resource not only for new researchers but also for experienced scientists wishing to expand their research platform into new areas of this vital field.

Download or read book Implication of Quorum Sensing System in Biofilm Formation and Virulence written by Pallaval Veera Bramhachari and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the importance and significance of Quorum sensing (QS), it’s critical roles in regulating diverse cellular functions in microbes, including bioluminescence, virulence, pathogenesis, gene expression, biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. Microbes can coordinate population behavior with small molecules called autoinducers (AHL) which serves as a signal of cellular population density, triggering new patterns of gene expression for mounting virulence and pathogenesis. Therefore, these microbes have the competence to coordinate and regulate explicit sets of genes by sensing and communicating amongst themselves utilizing variety of signals. This book descry emphasizes on how bacteria can coordinate an activity and synchronize their response to external signals and regulate gene expression. The chapters of the book provide the recent advancements on various functional aspects of QS systems in different gram positive and gram negative organisms. Finally, the book also elucidates a comprehensive yet a representative description of a large number of challenges associated with quorum sensing signal molecules viz. virulence, pathogenesis, antibiotic synthesis, biosurfactants production, persister cells, cell signaling and biofilms, intra and inter-species communications, host-pathogen interactions, social interactions & swarming migration in biofilms.

Download or read book Prevention in Clinical Oral Health Care written by David P. Cappelli and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2007-10-26 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on oral health promotion and the impact of systemic disease in the development of oral disease, as well as how to introduce, apply, and communicate prevention to a patient with a defined risk profile. Prevention in Clinical Oral Health Care integrates preventive approaches into clinical practice, and is a valuable tool for all health care professionals to integrate oral health prevention as a component of their overall preventive message to the patient. Discusses risk-based approaches to prevent problems such as caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer. Topics are written at a level that can be understood by both practicing dental health team members and by dental hygiene and dental students so strategies can be applied to better understand the patient's risk for oral disease and how to prevent future disease. Identifies the barriers, oral health care needs, and preventive strategies for special populations such as children, the elderly, and the physically or mentally disabled. Explores the development of a culturally sensitive dental practice and strategies to make the dental environment more welcoming to individuals with different cultural backgrounds. Discusses how to gather patient information, the synthesis of the patient's data, and the application of the information collected in order to evaluate the patient's risk for disease.

Download or read book Lasso Peptides written by Yanyan Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-21 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lasso peptides form a growing family of fascinating ribosomally-synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides produced by bacteria. They contain 15 to 24 residues and share a unique interlocked topology that involves an N-terminal 7 to 9-residue macrolactam ring where the C-terminal tail is threaded and irreversibly trapped. The ring results from the condensation of the N-terminal amino group with a side-chain carboxylate of a glutamate at position 8 or 9, or an aspartate at position 7, 8 or 9. The trapping of the tail involves bulky amino acids located in the tail below and above the ring and/or disulfide bridges connecting the ring and the tail. Lasso peptides are subdivided into three subtypes depending on the absence (class II) or presence of one (class III) or two (class I) disulfide bridges. The lasso topology results in highly compact structures that give to lasso peptides an extraordinary stability towards both protease degradation and denaturing conditions. Lasso peptides are generally receptor antagonists, enzyme inhibitors and/or antibacterial or antiviral (anti-HIV) agents. The lasso scaffold and the associated biological activities shown by lasso peptides on different key targets make them promising molecules with high therapeutic potential. Their application in drug design has been exemplified by the development of an integrin antagonist based on a lasso peptide scaffold. The biosynthesis machinery of lasso peptides is therefore of high biotechnological interest, especially since such highly compact and stable structures have to date revealed inaccessible by peptide synthesis. Lasso peptides are produced from a linear precursor LasA, which undergoes a maturation process involving several steps, in particular cleavage of the leader peptide and cyclization. The post-translational modifications are ensured by a dedicated enzymatic machinery, which is composed of an ATP-dependent cysteine protease (LasB) and a lactam synthetase (LasC) that form an enzymatic complex called lasso synthetase. Microcin J25, produced by Escherichia coli AY25, is the archetype of lasso peptides and the most extensively studied. To date only around forty lasso peptides have been isolated, but genome mining approaches have revealed that they are widely distributed among Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, particularly in Streptomyces, making available a rich resource of novel lasso peptides and enzyme machineries towards lasso topologies.