Download or read book The Global HIV Epidemics Among Men who Have Sex with Men written by Andrea L. Wirtz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first study to systematically review the available data on MSM in Low and Medium Income Countries and model the impact of responses to MSM on overall country epidemics, using Peru, Ukraine, Kenya, and Thailand as examples.

Download or read book The Global HIV Epidemics Among Men Who Have Sex with Men MSM written by Andrea L. Wirtz and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Rights; Risk behavior; Cost-effectiveness; Low and middle income countries; Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Epidemic; Men who have sex with men; Attributable fraction; Intervention/Prevention; Homosexuality.

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6 written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

Download or read book The Global HIV Epidemics among Sex Workers written by Deanna Kerrigan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-12-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A global economic analysis of HIV infection amongst sex workers, finding that evidence based and rights affirming interventions are not implemented to the level that their efficacy warrants, and that doing so at scale would be cost effective and deliver significant returns on investment.

Download or read book Characterizing the HIV AIDS Epidemic in the Middle East and North Africa written by Francisca Ayodeji Akala and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Despite global progress in understanding the epidemiology of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), knowledge about the epidemic in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) remains limited and subject to much controversy. In the more than 25 years since the discovery of HIV, no scientific study has provided a comprehensive, data-driven synthesis of the spread of HIV/AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) in the region. Consequently, the effectiveness of policies, programs, and resources intended to address the spread of HIV/AIDS has been compromised. This report aims to fill the knowledge gap by providing the first-ever comprehensive scientific assessment and data-driven epidemiological synthesis of HIV's spread in MENA. It is based on a literature review and analysis of thousands of largely unrecognized publications, reports, and data sources extracted from scientific literature or collected from sources at the local, national, and regional levels. The resulting collection of data provides a solid foundation on which efforts to stem the spread of HIV/AIDS can be based. 'Characterizing the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in the Middle East and North Africa' will be of particular interest to policy makers, researchers, development practitioners, and specialists in public health and epidemiology."

Download or read book Public Health and Human Rights written by Chris Beyrer and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2007-09-28 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides critical evidenced based assessements and tools with which to investigate the role of rights abrogation in the health of populations.

Download or read book HIV and Men who Have Sex with Men in Asia and the Pacific written by Roger Winder and published by Unaids Regional Support Team East and Southern Africa. This book was released on 2006 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term "men who have sex with men" - frequently shortened to MSM - describes a behaviour rather than a specific group of people. It includes self-identified gay, bisexual, transgendered or heterosexual men. Many men who have sex with men do not consider themselves gay or bisexual. They are often married, particularly where discriminatory laws or social stigma of male sexual relations exist. Largely because of the taboo, the female partners of men who have sex with men are often unaware of their partner's other liaisons, and the threat posed to themselves. Forced sex among men is not uncommon, especially in men-only environments such as prisons. Men who have sex with men are found in all societies, yet are largely invisible in many places. In terms of HIV, sex between men is significant because it can involve anal sex, which when unprotected carries a very high risk. Sex between men is thought to account for between 5 and 10% of global HIV infections, although the proportion of cases attributed to this mode of transmission varies considerably between countries. It is the predominant mode in much of the developed world. Globally less than one in twenty men who have sex with men have access to the HIV prevention and care services they need. Many factors contribute to this situation including denial by society and communities, stigma and discrimination, and human rights abuse. Vulnerability to HIV infection is increased where sex between men is criminalised, as men are either excluded from, or exclude themselves from, sexual health and welfare agencies out of fear. A range of interventions to reduce risk behaviours among men who have sex with men have proven successful, including: condom promotion, safer-sex campaigns and skills training; peer education with outreach programmes; and programmes tailored to subpopulations such as male sex workers and men in prisons. Specific policy measures are crucial for making prevention, care and support available to men who have sex with men. First and foremost, they must be included in national HIV programming and funding priorities. The governments must support organisations of men who have sex with men, enabling them to promote HIV prevention and care programmes and to participate in HIV planning and policymaking. Legislation should be changed, decriminalizing same-sex acts and providing protective laws against discrimination based on sexual orientation.

Download or read book Handbook of Healthcare in the Arab World written by Ismail Laher and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-08-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook examines health and medical care in the Arab world from a systems biology approach. It features comprehensive coverage that includes details of key social, environmental, and cultural determinants. In addition, the contributors also investigate the developed infrastructure that manages and delivers health care and medical solutions throughout the region.More than 25 sections consider all aspects of health, from cancer to hormone replacement therapy, from the use of medications to vitamin deficiency in emergency medical care. Chapters highlight essential areas in the wellbeing and care of this population. These topics include women’s health care, displaced and refugee women’s health needs, childhood health, social and environmental causes of disease, health systems and health management, and a wide range of diseases of various body systems. This resource also explores issues related to access and barriers to health delivery throughout the region.Health in the Arab world is complex and rapidly changing. The health burden in the region is distributed unevenly based on gender, location, as well as other factors. In addition, crises such as armed conflicts and an expanding migrant population place additional stress on systems and providers at all levels. This timely resource will help readers better understand all these major issues and more. It will serve as an ideal guide for researchers in various biological disciplines, public health, and regulatory agencies.

Download or read book HIV PREVALENCE AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN PARAGUAY 2017 written by Gloria Aguilar and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIV Prevalence and Sexual behavior among men who have sex with men in Paraguay.2017Authors: * Rios P.1, Aguilar G. 1,2; Estigarribia G.1,2, Samudio T, Kawabata A.2, Ortiz A.1. ,Regional health research institute, National University of Caaguazu00fa1: National HIV program. Background: High HIV/syphilis prevalence have been reported in men who have sex with men (MSM) all over the world. MSM always play a key role in the global HIV epidemic.In Paraguay,38% of men diagnosed annually are MSM. In this context, is important to emphasize the risk behavior studies of the MSM in order to have information that allows to redirect the interventions and thus to reduce new infections and meet the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals. Our goal in this study was to estimate the HIV prevalence and Sexual behavior among MSM in Paraguay at 2017.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey on MSM in Paraguay in 2017. We used a respondent driven sampling (RDS) to recquit MSM u226518 years old in Paraguay who reported anal sex with another man in the previous twelve months. We collected demographic and HIV-related behavioral data through interviews. Laboratory testing included biomarkers for HIV and syphilis. Results: A total of 750 MSM were enrolled in the survey. The majority of the MSM (62%) were less than 25 years old, (68.3%) identified himself as gay. The HIV prevalence was 19.8% (95% confidence interval:16.3-23.3) and the syphilis prevalence was 13.6%(95% confidence interval ;10.1-17.0). Condom use was 68.9% (95% confidence interval: 64.6-73.2). Access to HIV testing in the last 12 months was 45.5%( 95% confidence interval ;37.3%-53.6%)- Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV and syphilis was high among MSM in Paraguay. Prevention strategies should focus on hsh, gay, and differentiated strategies in hidden MSMs to improve condom use and access to HIV testing.

Download or read book Young Men who Have Sex with Men written by J. Beck and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This policy brief examines HIV risk factors and access to services among young men who have sex with men using data from the Global Forum on MSM & HIV (MSMGF)?s 2012 Global Men?s Health and Rights survey (2012 GMHR). The brief concludes with a set of recommendations for addressing the global HIV epidemic among young men who have sex with men.

Download or read book Male Same sex Sexuality and HIV in Sub Saharan Africa written by Theo Sandfort and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-20 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the impact of HIV on populations of men who have sex with men in Africa and local responses to the issue. It documents the enduring existence of a rich variety of same-sex practices between men. More critically, it analyses how the denial and social rejection of same-sex sexuality, together with the legacy of criminalization by former colonial rulers, has not only fueled the transmission of HIV between men, but has also impeded an effective response. The book also documents some of the outstanding progress that has been made and acknowledges the differences between African countries. Through its focus on lived realities and grassroots activism in Africa, this book will appeal to researchers, policy makers and practitioners alike.

Download or read book HIV AIDS A Very Short Introduction written by Alan Whiteside OBE and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-01-24 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIV/AIDS is without doubt the worst epidemic to hit humankind since the Black Death. The first case was identified in 1981; by 2004 it was estimated that about 40 million people were living with the disease, and about 20 million had died. Despite rapid scientific advances there is still no cure and the drugs are expensive and toxic. Because of controversies and taboos surrounding safe drug usage and prostitution, the numbers of people infected continues to rise. However, it is in the developing world and especially parts of Africa that the real catastrophe is unfolding. In some of the worst affected countries life expectancy has plummeted to below 35 years, which has led to a serious decline in economic growth, a sharp rise in orphaning, and the imminent collapse of health care systems. The news is not all bleak though. There have been unprecedented breakthroughs in understanding diseases and developing drugs. Because the disease is so closely linked to sexual activity and drug use, the need to understand and change behaviour has caused us to reassess what it means to be human and how we should operate in the globalising world. This Very Short Introduction provides an introduction to the disease, tackling the science, the international and local politics, the fascinating demographics, and the devastating consequences of the disease, and explores how we have — and must — respond. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Download or read book HIV Epidemics in the European Region written by Lucy Platt and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-02-12 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the dynamics of HIV epidemics among vulnerable and high risk populations in the European region, in particular people who inject drugs, sex workers, and men who have sex with men. It aims to inform future HIV responses and guide HIV prevention surveillance and research.

Download or read book Imagined Masculinities written by Mayy Ghaṣṣūb and published by Saqi Books. This book was released on 2000 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Writings on gender in the Middle East have tended to focus overwhelmingly on the status of women, on the rise of Islamist politics and veiling, and on the social construction of female identity. In the process issues of male identity in a region which has seen enormous social transformations over the past thirty years have been somewhat neglected. This book looks at the process by which stereotypical male identities get constructed, reproduced and contested in different parts of the Middle East.

Download or read book No Turning Back written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Unaids Action Framework written by Unaids and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2012-05-30 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation. Business as usual is no longer a viable response to the HIV-related risks of men who have sex with men and transgender people. Where data exist on HIV in these populations, they show that our collective responses are failing far more often than they are reaching scale or succeeding. Just as disconcerting, in many parts of the world, is the fact that few reliable data exist at all.

Download or read book Ending the HIV Epidemic Among Gay Men in the United States written by D. Hodel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AIDS continues to pose a threat of unprecedented magnitude to gay men in the United States. Though representing approximately 2% of the population aged >13 years, men who have sex with men (MSM), including those who inject drugs, comprise a majority of new HIV infections (64% in 2010) and represent nearly half of all persons living with HIV. The rate of new HIV diagnoses among MSM is more than 44 times that of other men and more than 40 times that of women.3 Since the epidemic began, almost 300,000 MSM in the U.S. have died from AIDS, including an estimated 6,863 in 2009. Gay men of color are at particular risk. Among MSM, there are sharp differences in HIV incidence by race: In 2006, the risk for HIV infection was 4.97 times higher for black MSM (1,710:100,000) and 2.08 times higher for Hispanic MSM (716:100,000) than for white MSM (344:100,000). But while historically MSM in the United States have always constituted the largest proportion of AIDS cases, they are the only group for which risk appears to be increasing. Among black gay men, the crisis is especially dire. Both incidence and prevalence are disproportionately higher among black MSM than any other risk group. Particularly among young black MSM, increasing HIV incidence signals an urgent need for new measures to confront the epidemic. Between 2006 and 2009, while remaining stable or declining among all other racial and risk groups, HIV incidence increased by 21% among young people (ages 13?29), driven by a large increase (34%) among young MSM, which in turn was driven almost exclusively by a 48% increase among.