Download or read book The Function of Escherichia Coli Ribosomal Protein S1 in Initiation of Translation written by Wayne E. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mechanism of Initiation of Protein Synthesis in Escherichia Coli written by Nicolaas Naaktgeboren and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ribosomes Structure Function and Dynamics written by Marina V. Rodnina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-10 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ribosome is a macromolecular machine that synthesizes proteins with a high degree of speed and accuracy. Our present understanding of its structure, function and dynamics is the result of six decades of research. This book collects over 40 articles based on the talks presented at the 2010 Ribosome Meeting, held in Orvieto, Italy, covering all facets of the structure and function of the ribosome. New high-resolution crystal structures of functional ribosome complexes and cryo-EM structures of translating ribosomes are presented, while partial reactions of translation are examined in structural and mechanistic detail, featuring translocation as a most dynamic process. Mechanisms of initiation, both in bacterial and eukaryotic systems, translation termination, and novel details of the functions of the respective factors are described. Structure and interactions of the nascent peptide within, and emerging from, the ribosomal peptide exit tunnel are addressed in several articles. Structural and single-molecule studies reveal a picture of the ribosome exhibiting the energy landscape of a processive Brownian machine. The collection provides up-to-date reviews which will serve as a source of essential information for years to come.
Download or read book Interaction of Translation Initiation Factor IF1 with the E Coli Ribosomal A Site written by Kam Dawnell Dahlquist and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industrial Microorganisms written by Richard H. Baltz and published by ASM Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the proceedings of the 5th ASM Conference on the Genetics and Molecular Biology of Industrial Microorganisms held in Bloomington, Indiana in October 1992. The meeting focussed on prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes, with the programme balanced between streptomyces, fungi and yeasts, and other bacteria including Escherichia coli and emerging bacterial systems. The topics of the symposia reflect major trends in research that have immediate and future industrial applications
Download or read book Interactions Between MRNA and Escherichia Coli Ribosomes that Contribute to the Formation of Translation Initiation Complexes written by Jay Edward Brock and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Initiation is the rate-limiting step of translation involving the assembly of stable ternary complexes (mRNA-tRNA-ribosomes) on the translation initiation region (TIR) of the mRNA. Evidence for many non-Shine-Dalgarno (SD)-led genes, including genes encoding leaderless mRNA, provides motive for studying mRNA features within the coding sequence that contribute to the formation of these complexes. Binding and expression assays reveal here that adenines downstream from a mRNA's start codon contribute significantly to the rate and amount of ternary complex formed as well as the level of in vivo expression, even in the presence of a canonical SD sequence. Leaderless mRNA, which lack signals upstream of the start codon, requires a 5'-terminal triphosphate for efficient translation. A mutagenesis approach was developed to search for ribosome sites involved in recognizing a leaderless mRNA's 5'-terminal triphosphate. Binding assays demonstrated tRNA-dependent ribosome binding to leaderless mRNA; however, site-specific crosslinks between a leaderless mRNA's start codon, containing a 4-thiouridine at +2 position, and components of the ribosome formed independent of initiator tRNA. Several leaderless mRNA-r-protein contacts were dependent on the presence of a 5'-terminal AUG, suggesting that specific r-proteins might facilitate recognition of a leaderless mRNA's start codon. In addition, initiation factors did not influence the initial interactions between leaderless mRNA and ribosomes identified in site-specific crosslinking assays. This work provides the first evidence that recognition and ribosomal positioning of a leaderless mRNA's 5'-AUG is a function of the ribosome.
Download or read book The Physiological Importance of Translational Regulation of Ribosomal Proteins in Escherichia Coli written by James Robert Cole and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transcription and Translation Initiation in Escherichia Coli written by Lianna M. Munson and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book RpsA and Ribosomal Protein S1 written by Justin R. J. Vigar and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translation initiation rates are fine-tuned by altering interactions between the ribosome and the translation initiation region of an mRNA. In bacteria varying levels of RNA structure attenuate these interactions by masking the ribosome-binding site from the small ribosomal subunit. Recent studies have described diverse strategies for recruiting mRNA to the ribosome, and highlighted the contributions of ribosomal protein S1. Here, I provide evidence that the non-canonical initiation mechanism that governs translation of the rpsA mRNA, encoding ribosomal protein S1, contains a three-dimensional architecture that is required for efficient translation. Furthermore, S1 plays an essential role during the initiation phase of translation by recruiting mRNA to the ribosome-unfolding structured mRNAs, and allowing for correct start codon positioning on the ribosome. Combining crosslinking immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing approaches revealed the extent of S1's involvement in mRNA recruitment, while also highlighting a broader role as a regulator of many RNA classes.
Download or read book The Ribosome written by Roger A. Garrett and published by Amer Society for Microbiology. This book was released on 2000 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complete coverage of the ribosome and mechanisms of protein synthesis. * Examines the structure and function of numerous extra-chromosomal factors. * Offers the first detailed account of crystal structures of the ribosome as well as insights into the mechanisms and action of antibiotics. This title is published by the American Society for Microbiology Press and distributed by Taylor and Francis in rest of world territories.
Download or read book The Influence of Messenger RNA Sequence on Translational Efficiency in Bacillus Subtilis and Escherichia Coli written by Robert Luis Vellanoweth and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Protein Composition of Ribosomal Binding Sites for Initiation Factors in Escherichia Coli written by Ronald Lee Heimark and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structure function Relationships in the RNA Binding Activities of Ribosomal Protein S20 of Escherichia Coli written by Brooke Cameron Donly and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Physiological Effects of Initiation Factor Or Ribosomal Protein Limitation in Escherichia Coli written by Christine Louise Olsson and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determining the Ribosome Binding Footprint in Escherichia Coli to Improve the Ribosome Binding Site Calculator Model of Translation Initiation written by Ashlee Smith and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last 20 years, the technology used to create synthetic DNA has greatly advanced. Today, DNA can now be synthesized 3 times as quickly and costs 5 times less. The availability of recombinant DNA systems provides flexibility for researchers in academia and industry trying to solve metabolic engineering problems and elucidate biological functions. One common metabolic engineering problem is developing a system to control the expression of a protein of interest over a range from very little to very large expression. Instead of generating large combinatorial libraries to find a sequence with a specific function, which is time consuming and inefficient, researchers are rationally altering the DNA sequence to achieve a desired attribute using information gained from biophysical modeling. One such alteration is the design of synthetic ribosome binding sites to improve the rate of translation initiation in order to increase the expression of protein. The Ribosome Binding Site Calculator (RBS) is software that utilizes a biophysical model of translation initiation to allow researchers to predict the translation initiation rate of a particular sequence or generate a synthetic RBS with a specified translation initiation rate. There are many interactions that take place during translation initiation. In order to improve the accuracy of the model's predictions, one such interaction that we studied is the ribosomal footprint. The ribosome must unfold a section of messenger RNA (mRNA) after the start codon and load it into an mRNA channel. This channel can only accommodate single stranded mRNA. The number of nucleotides in the coding section the ribosome must unfold and load into the channel is the ribosomal footprint (FP). We hypothesized that a secondary structure contained in the ribosomal footprint must be unfolded and would greatly decrease protein expression, and that a secondary structure outside of the footprint region would not have to be unfolded and protein expression would be higher. We identified the ribosomal footprint for Escherichia coli by creating a high expressing RBS sequence and a modified coding section appended to the red fluorescent protein (RFP) reporter gene. The modified coding section featured a movable hairpin structure that was moved from immediately after ATG (position 3) to position 39 to show the changes in protein expression. We found that translation initiation gradually increased from very low levels when the hairpin was close to the start codon to over 1000-fold higher after the hairpin had passed the footprint region. The footprint was found to be 13 or 14 nucleotides including the start codon. Discrepancies between the model predictions and the data revealed the free energy the ribosome must expend to load the mRNA into the channel. The average error for constructs with a hairpin located 3 to 10 nucleotides into the coding sequence was determined to be 7.7 kcal/mol. This value represents the free energy cost of secondary structure within the footprint region, [delta]Gload. This information improves the biophysical model by determining the free energy change of loading the mRNA into the channel and will provide researchers with more accurate predictions of translation initiation.
Download or read book The Eukaryotic Ribosome written by Heinz Bielka and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 1982-12-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "The Eukaryotic Ribosome".
Download or read book Alternative Initiation of Translation in Escherichia Coli written by Ashkan Golshani and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 'Escherichia coli', initiation of translation for mRNAs is known to be promoted by the binding of the 3' end of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) to a purine rich sequence (known as Shine-Dalgarno sequence, SD) 5' to the initiator codon (AUG). Using an 'E. coli' expression system we have proposed the presence of alternative sites (loops 2 and 3, and nucleotides 458-467) on the 16S rRNA capable of binding functional mRNAs. We have also shown that the 5' untranslated regions of clover yellow mosaic virus and papaya mosaic virus RNA genomes are both capable of initiating translation in 'E. coli'.
