Download or read book The Financial Reform in Finland written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1988-10-11 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the evolution of the Finnish financial system from a restrictive system based on credit limitations and rationing to an open system which relies on indirect, market-oriented policies. The main beneficiaries are found to be the banks and those that previously had restricted access to bank credit. Two major remaining problems are the anti-savings biases associated with the generous tax treatment of household interest payments and the cartel-like system used in providing tax-free deposits to households. The paper also challenges the argument that the reform caused a loss of monetary autonomy.
Download or read book Higher Education System Reform written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-04-04 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bologna Declaration started the development of the European Higher Education Area. The ensuing Bologna Process has run for already 20 years now. In the meantime many higher education systems in Europe have been reformed – some more drastically than others; some quicker than others; some with more resistance than others. In the process of reform the initial (six) goals have sometimes been forgotten or sometimes been taken a step further. The context too has shifted: while the European Union in itself has expanded, the voice for exit has also been heard more frequently. Higher Education System Reform: An international comparison after Twenty Years of Bologna critically describes and analyses 12 Higher Education Systems from the perspective of four major questions: What is currently the situation with regard to the six original goals of Bologna? What was the adopted path of reform? Which were the triggering (economic, social, political) factors for the reform in each specific country? What was the rationale/discourse used during the reform? The book comparatively analyses the different systems, their paths of reforms and trajectories, and the similarities and the differences between them. At the same time it critically assesses the current situation on higher education in Europe, and hints towards a future policy agenda. Contributors are: Tommaso Agasisti, Bruno Broucker, Martina Dal Molin, Kurt De Wit, Andrew Gibson, Ellen Hazelkorn, Gergely Kovats, Liudvika Leišytė, Lisa Lucas, António Magalhães, Sude Peksen, Rosalind Pritchard, Palle Rasmussen, Anna-Lena Rose, Christine Teelken, Eva M. de la Torre, Carmen Perez-Esparrells, Jani Ursin, Amélia Veiga, Jef C. Verhoeven, Nadine Zeeman, and Rimantas Želvys.
Download or read book Reforming the International Financial System for Development written by Jomo Kwame Sundaram and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jomo Kwame Sundaram is assistant secretary general for economic development at the United Nations and research coordinator for the G24 Intergovernmental Group on International Monetary Affairs and Development. In 2007 he was awarded the Wassily Leontief Prize for Advancing the Frontiers of Economic Thought. --Book Jacket.
Download or read book The World Bank Research Observer written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Finnish Banking Crisis and Its Handling written by Peter Nyberg and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sequencing Financial Sector Reforms written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-03-15 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial sector liberalization can spur economic growth and development, but reforms to liberalize the financial sector can also entail risks if they are not properly designed and implemented. One of the central questions for countries reforming their financial systems is how to sequence the reforms so as to maximize the benefits of liberalization and contain its risks. Edited by R. Barry Johnston and V. Sundararajan of the IMF's Monetary and Exchange Affairs Department, this book attempts to answer this and related questions by drawing lessons from financial sector reforms in selected countries. In particular, the book surveys financial sector reforms in Indonesia, Thailand, and Korea between the mid-1980s and mid-1990s.
Download or read book The Nordic Banking Crisis written by Mr.Burkhard Drees and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-04-20 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the banking crises in Finland, Norway and Sweden, which took place in the early 1990s, and draws some policy conclusions from their experiences. One key conclusion is that factors in addition to business cycle effects explain the Nordic countries financial problems. Although the timing of the deregulation in all three countries coincided with a strongly expansionary macroeconomic momentum, the main reasons for the banking crises were the delayed policy responses, the structural characteristics of the financial systems, and the banks inadequate internal risk-management controls.
Download or read book Chinese Banking Reform written by Chunxia Jiang and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2018-08-31 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a wide-ranging and timely overview of the contemporary Chinese banking system. It charts the vast changes in Chinese banking from before China’s admission to the WTO in 2001 to more recent regulatory reform and developments in the shadow banking sector. The book begins with an economic history of the mono-banking system, and a critical discussion of reforms taken by the government in preparation for China’s entry to the WTO. The second part of the book discusses banking regulation and government policy during and after the global financial crisis in 2008-2009 and their impact on banking, including recent developments. Finally, the book concludes an empirical analysis of the impact of banking reforms on a number of important issues, including bank efficiency, capital structure, competition and financial stability, and risk taking behaviour, and a review of the relevance of shadow banking and internet banking.
Download or read book Finland written by International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-12-07 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses key findings of the Financial System Stability Assessment concerning Finland. It reveals that Finland’s banking system remains well capitalized and profitable. Although low interest rates have squeezed net interest income, banks have increased income from trading and insurance and reduced cost-income ratios, helping to maintain profitability. Nonperforming loans have remained low and capitalization ratios are well above requirements, though buffers may be exaggerated by the aggressive use of risk weights. The Net Stable Funding Ratio suggests that vulnerabilities from maturity mismatches are limited in aggregate. Nevertheless, previously identified vulnerabilities remain, and some have increased.
Download or read book Finnish Lessons written by Pasi Sahlberg and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now time to break down the ideology of exceptionalism in the United States and other Anglo-American nations if we are to develop reforms that will truly inspire our teachers to improve learning for all our studentsespecially those who struggle the most. In that essential quest, Pasi Sahlberg is undoubtedly one of the very best teachers of all. From the Foreword by Andy Hargreaves, Lynch School of Education, Boston College Finnish Lessons is a first-hand, comprehensive account of how Finland built a world-class education system during the past three decades. The author traces the evolution of education policies in Finland and highlights how they differ from the United States and other industrialized countries. He shows how rather than relying on competition, choice, and external testing of students, education reforms in Finland focus on professionalizing teachers work, developing instructional leadership in schools, and enhancing trust in teachers and schools. This book details the complexity of educational change and encourages educators and policymakers to develop effective solutions for their own districts and schools.
Download or read book Dealing with the Challenges of Macro Financial Linkages in Emerging Markets written by Otaviano Canuto and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-10-29 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the challenges of macro financial linkages in the emerging markets.
Download or read book Banking s Final Exam written by Morris Goldstein and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spurred by the success of the first stress test of US banks toward the end of the global economic crisis in 2009, stress testing of large financial institutions has become the cornerstone of banking supervision worldwide. The aim of the tests is to determine which banks are adequately capitalized under severe economic shocks and to order corrective measures for those that are vulnerable. In Banking’s Final Exam, one of the world’s leading experts on banking regulation concludes that the tests administered on both sides of the Atlantic suffer from fundamental weaknesses, leading to a false sense of reassurance about the safety and soundness of the banking system. Some weaknesses can be corrected within the existing bank-capital regime, but others will require bold reforms—including higher minimum capital requirements for the largest and most systemically-important banks. The banking industry is likely to resist these reforms, but this book explains why their objections do not hold water.
Download or read book Structural Reforms and Economic Performance in Advanced and Developing Countries written by Mr.Jonathan David Ostry and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the impact on economic performance of structural policies-policies that increase the role of market forces and competition in the economy, while maintaining appropriate regulatory frameworks. The results reflect a new dataset covering reforms of domestic product markets, international trade, the domestic financial sector, and the external capital account, in 91 developed and developing countries. Among the key results of this study, the authors find that real and financial reforms (and, in particular, domestic financial liberalization, trade liberalization, and agricultural liberalization) boost income growth. However, growth effects differ significantly across alternative reform sequencing strategies: a trade-before-capital-account strategy achieves better outcomes than the reverse, or even than a "big bang"; also, liberalizing the domestic financial sector together with the external capital account is growth-enhancing, provided the economy is relatively open to international trade. Finally, relatively liberalized domestic financial sectors enhance the economy's resilience, reducing output costs from adverse terms-of-trade and interest-rate shocks; increased credit availability is one of the key mechanisms.
Download or read book The Road to Prosperity written by Jari Ojala and published by Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura. This book was released on 2006 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Finnish economy is a victory over hardship, a success story with few equivalents. During the period 1860-2000 the gross domestic product grew 21-fold, while EU nations on average achieved 11-fold growth. Today, Finland is known for its competitiveness, high educational standards, negligible corruption, expertise in creating and using high technology, and successful companies, most notably Nokia. This book tells how Finland astonishingly evolved from an internationally insignificant agrarian economy to the affluent, knowledge-based, welfare society that it is now. The Road to Prosperity: An Economic History of Finland offers an overview of several centuries of economic progress -- with a keen eye on negative effects of growth. The articles in this beautifully illustrated work contain long-term analyses of business, foreign trade, agriculture, and employment. In addition, there is coverage of the development of banking, the public sector, income distribution, the advance of the information society, and welfare. And the Finnish story is woven seamlessly into the tapestry of international economics. The contributors are prominent scholars of Finnish economic history and economics; the foreword being a product of distinguished American economic historian Joel Mokyr, winner of the Heineken Prize for History 2006.
Download or read book Mission Possible written by Valeria Gontareva and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2020-07-15 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “This is an extraordinary book from an extraordinary person. This book is an insightful, candid and passionate account of her approach and policy experience. She has called it a ‘Practical Manual’ for reforms – it is that but also much more: a historical record of reforms against all odds.” – Erik Berglof, Director of LSE Institute of Global Affairs “Many emerging economies often lack practical experience in transforming themselves into fully-functioning market-oriented economies and this Practical Manual will help you with this task. Moreover, the book is precisely about how to accomplish drastic reforms in wartime – and I truly believe that the wartime of COVID-19 is an unprecedented opportunity for reform.” – Valeria Gontareva, Former Governor of the National Bank of Ukraine In addition, Valeria received a nomination for her work as the Governor of the National Bank of Ukraine in the Financial Times’s Women of the Year 2019 list.
Download or read book The Political Economy of Reform Lessons from Pensions Product Markets and Labour Markets in Ten OECD Countries written by Tompson William and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-08-24 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By looking at 20 reform efforts in ten OECD countries, this report examines why some reforms are implemented and other languish.
Download or read book Ethiopia s New Financial Sector and Its Regulation written by Tony Addison and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: War has destroyed the hopes and lives of millions of Africans. How can we help Africa's communities to recover? How can we ensure that recovery from conflict benefits the poor and not just a narrow elite? These are just some of the vital questions asked and answered in this important new book, which is one of the first to thoroughly examine recovery from conflict in Africa.
