Download or read book The Feasibility of Including Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions DPOAEs in the Annual Medical Surveillance Test Battery for the Identification of Noise induced Hearing Loss in a Group of Workers in a Beverage Manufacturing Industry written by Tarryn Marisca Reddy and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission Components as a Potential Marker of Preclinical Noise Injury to the Cochleas written by Gavin Coad and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Excessive noise exposure can lead to noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) and hearing conservation programmes are essential to prevent occupational hearing loss. These programmes rely on monitoring hearing using pure tone audiometry. However, audiometry is not very sensitive and only detects a permanent hearing loss after significant injury has occurred. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) are generated by cochlear non-linear physiological processes associated with the outer hairs cells that underpin detection of sound, thus DPOAEs have promise as a tool to detect and monitor cochlear hair cell damage in NIHL. The DPOAE has two components, one generated at the point of interaction between the primaries (generator), the second reflected from the characteristic place of the DPOAE frequency (reflected). Some of the variability in DPOAE is believed to result from the interaction of the components, termed the DPOAE fine structure, and extracting the components may reduce the variability and improve the sensitivity of the DPOAE to injury. This study investigated the feasibility and reliability of a new approach to separating the DPOAE components, and their relationship to hearing measures in people with and without exposure to noise. Methods: Logarithmically swept primaries with a least-squares-fit (LSF) analysis were used to separate the DPOAE components, and the approach was evaluated and optimised in normally hearing subjects. Two studies followed that investigated the components of the DPOAE and how they correlate with behavioural measures of hearing. Firstly, in subjects (n=16) with 'normal' hearing (20 dB HL), both behavioural measures of the auditory filter (notched-noise maskers) and threshold were compared to the components of the DPOAE. In the second study subjects (108 men) with a mixture of thresholds, noise exposure and age were recruited and then divided into two equal sized and age matched groups (noise exposed and non-noise exposed) based on a detailed history of self-reported noise exposure. The DPOAE components were compared to audiometric threshold and behavioural measures of compressive nonlinearity using Schroeder-phase masked thresholds. Results: Overall, psychoacoustic measures of auditory filter and cochlear non-linearity were influenced by audiometric threshold, and exhibited no relationship with DPOAE level in subjects with 'normal' hearing (
Download or read book The Use of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions in Comparison to Pure Tone Hearing Screenings in a Preschool Population written by Elizabeth Schehlein and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) are sensitive to both sensorineural and conductive hearing loss and have the potential to be used as an effective screening tool across all populations, including children. DPOAEs offer a quick and straightforward hearing screening technique for the pediatric population that is not influenced by subjective interpretations, that is highly reproducible, and that offers a more precise tool than pure tone audiometry. A comparison of mean test times and pass/fail rates from 198 preschool participants were compared between two DPOAE screening protocols and a pure tone screening protocol. Significantly less time was needed to conduct the DPOAE screenings compared to the pure tone screenings. Similar pass/fail rates for both DPOAE screening protocols in comparison to the pure tone screening protocol were noted. The results of this study support the use of DPOAEs as a time efficient alternative to traditional pure tone screening protocol.
Download or read book Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions EOAE s and Inner Ear Damage from Navy Occupation Noise Exposure written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to identify persons with early noise-induced cochlear damage and to predict susceptibility to future damage it is desirable to develop a test that is sensitive to effects of noise exposure on the auditory system. Traditionally, hearing has been monitored with behavioral methods requiring a threshold 10-15-dB shift to be considered significant. More recently otoacoustic emissions have been studied as a method, which may show earlier effects of noise exposure, and thus useful for hearing conservation programs. The aim of this project was to develop a test method applicable to the military population. Following a brief, intense noise, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were measured in normal hearing young adults for several conditions. Behavioral thresholds were measured using a Bekesy procedure. Experiment 1 involved a DPgram paradigm. F2 ranged from 1.0 to 4.0 kHz, with F2/F1=1.22. Stimulus levels were either L1=70 dB SPL, L2=60 dB SPL or L1=65 dB SPL, L2=45 dB SPL. The exposure was a 100 dB SPL, 1/3 octave band of noise centered at 1.41 kHz. Results showed a consistent decrease in behavioral thresholds at 2.0 kHz immediately following exposure. Only one of ten subjects showed a consistent decrease in DPOAE amplitude for any F2 frequency. In a second series of experiments, DFOAE input-output functions were obtained for F2-4.0 kHz, with F2/F1=1.22 and L1=L2+15 dB, before and after exposure to a 100 dB SPL, 1/6-octave band noise centered 2.28 kHz. Pre-exposure I/O functions were very stable. In response to low to moderate level stimuli, DFOAE amplitude tended to decrease immediately post-exposure, increase and then decrease again (i.e., bounce). While for both DP paradigms the time course of the DFOAE amplitude shifts roughly paralleled threshold shifts, there was significantly inter-subject and intra-subject variability.
Download or read book Test retest Reliability of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions in the High Frequency Range written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Uncorrected OCR) Abstract of dissertation entitled Test-retest Reliability of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions in the High Frequency Range submitted by NG, Hoi-Yee Iris for the degree of Master of Science in Audiology at the University of Hong Kong in May 2002 In the current research study, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were measured in 35 young Chinese adults (61 ears) with normal audiometric thresholds using an IL096 OAE system with the default DP-gram protocols as well as user-defined DP spectrum protocols in the high frequency range. Two series of retest were conducted 20 minutes and an average of 15 days later, and the resolution setting for the DP-gram measurements was varied between 1 to 8 points per octave in each test series. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) were also recorded in each test series for comparison purposes. Test-retest partial correlation and standard error of measurement (SEM) were computed to reflect the test-retest reliability of the OAE amplitudes, noise floor and signal-to-noise ratio. Results suggested that OAE amplitudes in the default frequency range (1 to 6 kHz) between test and retest were highly correlated with an average correlation coefficient of 0.85 and SEM was found to be an average of 2.4 dB, while signal-to-noise ratio and noise floor yielded lower correlation coefficients and higher SEMs. OAE amplitudes in the higher frequency range of 6.5 to 7 kHz were also significantly correlated between test and retest (correlation coefficient ranged from 0.74 to 0.80) with SEM from 2.7 to 3.5 dB. Yet DPOAEs at 8 kHz were present with a positive signal-to-noise ratio in only one-third of ears, were less test-retest correlated, and the amplitude revealed a high SEM of 5 dB. No apparent difference was demonstrated among various resolution settings and between short- and long- term retest. This implies that DPOAEs in the high frequency range (6.5 to 7 kHz) could be a potential clinical tool for mo.
Download or read book Normative Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions DPOAEs Data Using the GSI 60 DPOAE Obtained in a Group of Normal Hearing Adults written by Nivrithi Behari and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Possible Cyclical Aspects of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions DPOAE in Hearing written by Perry Burk and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Efferent mediated Changes in the Composite Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions Signal and Its Components written by Shukrallah Abdelrazeq and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the hallmarks of auditory processing disorder (APD) is difficulty listening in background noise. This difficulty maybe related to the function of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent system, which is hypothesized to provide an anti-masking effect that might aid in speech processing in noise. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the efferent anti-masking hypothesis via efferent-induced changes in the baseline levels of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) in a group of subjects suspected of having APD with speech-in-noise deficits matched for age and gender with a control group with less speech-in-noise deficits. There was no significant difference in audiometric thresholds between the groups. We examined not only the typical composite DPOAE, but also the two major components (overlap and reflection components), which determine the overall DPOAE level. We hypothesized that the group with speech-in-noise deficits would show reduced efferent effects relative to the control group. The findings did not support the efferent anti-masking hypothesis as efferent-induced changes in the composite DPOAE signal and the overlap component did not differ significantly between the two groups, but the statistical power was low. The separation of the two DPOAE components was beneficial in detecting efferent effects at the high frequency region where the DPOAE levels were lowest, and efferent effects were variable. The mean baseline levels and SNR of composite DPOAE and the overlap component were lower in the group with speech-in-noise deficits than the control group. This difference was not significant, but the statistical power was low. In addition, no significant correlations were found between performance on speech-in-noise tests and DPOAE change due to efferent activation across groups. Factors that might explain why the efferent anti-masking hypothesis was not supported are discussed.
Download or read book Order Effects and Number of Tone Pairs During Simultaneous Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions written by Erin Michelle Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterizing the 2f1 f2 Distortion product Otoacoustic Emission and Its Generators Measured from 2 to 20 KHz in Humans written by Laura Elizabeth Dreisbach and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cochlea produces recordable acoustic energy (otoacoustic emissions). These otoacoustic emissions occur spontaneously or can be evoked. Distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) are produced by the intermodulation between the primary stimulus tones (f2 > f1) and occur at frequencies not present in the evoking acoustic stimuli. The 2f1-f2 DPOAE is well characterized for frequencies less than 8 kHz in humans; however, most basilar membrane measurements in animals have been made at higher frequencies. Thus, DPOAE measurements were extended to the higher frequency range of human hearing. High-frequency DPOAEs were characterized by how the DPOAE level varied with primary frequency separations (f2/f1) and stimulus levels and how the group delay estimate of the DPOAE varied with primary frequency. It was concluded that high-frequency DPOAEs continued the patterns seen for low-frequency DPOAEs, indicating that high-frequency DPOAEs are the result of the same biological process responsible for low-frequency DPOAEs.
Download or read book Basic Otorhinolaryngology written by Rudolf Probst and published by Thieme. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 887 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the First Prize in ENT at the 2006 BMA (British Medical Association) Medical Book CompetitionThis is a remarkable introduction to the complex world of otorhinolaryngology, in full color!This beautifully conceived book makes learning ENT almost simple, with its excellent drawings and photographs of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of this region. Throughout the book connections are made to internal medicine, pediatrics, and surgery. A highly structured text, using boxed information and tables, provides a quick overview of the subject.This is a highly effective introduction to ENT for senior medical students and interns.
Download or read book Neurodevelopmental Disabilities written by Dilip R. Patel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-07 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly more and more children with developmental disabilities survive into adulthood. Pediatricians and other clinicians are called upon to care for an increasing number of children with developmental disabilities in their practice and thus there is a need for a practical guide specifically written for paediatricians and primary care clinicians that addresses major concepts of neurodevelopmental pediatrics. In the United States, the specialty training leading to a conjoint board certification by the American Board of Pediatrics and American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, requires a total of 6 years of training (2 years of pediatrics, 1 year of neurology, 18 months of child neurology, 18 months of neurodevelopmental disabilities). As of December 2006, in the US, there were 241 pediatricians and 55 child neurologists certified in the subspecialty of Neurodevelopmental Disabilities. Thus most of the children with developmental disabilities are seen by pediatricians and therefore it is important for these pediatricians to be well informed of common issues in the field. The 60,000 or so pediatricians in the United States (and hundreds more in other countries) are the main target audience for a practical book on neurodevelopmental pediatrics.
Download or read book Binaural Hearing written by Ruth Y. Litovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-01 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of Binaural Hearing involves studies of auditory perception, physiology, and modeling, including normal and abnormal aspects of the system. Binaural processes involved in both sound localization and speech unmasking have gained a broader interest and have received growing attention in the published literature. The field has undergone some significant changes. There is now a much richer understanding of the many aspects that comprising binaural processing, its role in development, and in success and limitations of hearing-aid and cochlear-implant users. The goal of this volume is to provide an up-to-date reference on the developments and novel ideas in the field of binaural hearing. The primary readership for the volume is expected to be academic specialists in the diverse fields that connect with psychoacoustics, neuroscience, engineering, psychology, audiology, and cochlear implants. This volume will serve as an important resource by way of introduction to the field, in particular for graduate students, postdoctoral scholars, the faculty who train them and clinicians.
Download or read book Noise Induced Hearing Loss written by Colleen G. Le Prell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-30 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to loud noise continues to be the largest cause of hearing loss in the adult population. The problem of NIHL impacts a number of disciplines. US standards for permissible noise exposure were originally published in 1968 and remain largely unchanged today. Indeed, permissible noise exposure for US personnel is significantly greater than that allowed in numerous other countries, including for example, Canada, China, Brazil, Mexico, and the European Union. However, there have been a number of discoveries and advances that have increased our understanding of the mechanisms of NIHL. These advances have the potential to impact how NIHL can be prevented and how our noise standards can be made more appropriate.
Download or read book Auditory Temporal Processing and its Disorders written by Jos J. Eggermont and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2015-04-30 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Auditory temporal processing' determines our understanding of speech, our appreciation of music, our ability to localize a sound source, and even to listen to a person in a noisy crowd. Sound is dynamic and as such has temporal and spectral content. In disorders such as auditory neuropathy and MS, problems can occur with these temporal representations of sound, leading to a mismatch between auditory sensitivity and speech discrimination. In dyslexia, specific language impairment, and auditory processing disorders, similar problems occur early in life and set up additional cognitive speech processing problems. It has also been found that in disorders such as autism, schizophrenia and epilepsy, temporal processing deficits can occur. This book reviews comprehensively the mechanisms for temporal processing in the auditory system, looking at how these underlie specific clinical disorders, with implications for their treatment. Written by a prolific researcher in auditory neuroscience, this book is valuable for auditory neuroscientists, audiologist, neurologists, and speech language pathologists.
Download or read book Child Language written by Michelle Aldridge and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 1996 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprises 17 papers presented at the Child Language Seminar, Bangor 1994, with contributions in areas as diverse as bilingual development, phonological disorders, sign language development, and the language of Down's syndrome children.
Download or read book Essential Elements in Early Intervention Visual Impairment and Multiple Disabilities Second Edition written by Deborah Chen and published by American Foundation for the Blind. This book was released on 2014-01-17 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential Elements in Early Intervention is a complete sourcebooks and guide for early interventionists, teachers of students with visual impairments, and other professionals who work with young children with visual impairments, dual sensory impairments, and multiple disabilities. It includes comprehensive information on vision and hearing examinations, functional vision and hearing assessments, and effective methods of providing early intervention services. The new edition includes expanded, updated information on federal special education legislation, best practices in early intervention, evidence-based outcomes, and the role of the early interventionist, as well as strategies for working with families and educational teams successfully.
