Download or read book The Examination of the Overrepresentation of African American Students in Special Education from a Sociocultural Perspective written by Kimberly Fitchett-Bazemore and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Overrepresentation of African American Students in Special Education written by Susan M. Mateka and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this qualitative study was to uncover and examine the perceptions of Special Education Administrators on the over-representation of African Americans in special education. Through surveys, scripted interviews, semi-structured interviews and archival data, this researcher asked participants to give their perceptions of the over-representation of African Americans in special education, the referral process utilized to determine if a student is eligible for special education services, and their perceptions of school district initiatives to reduce over-representation. The participants were 11 Special Education administrators with a continuum of administrative powers up to and including an assistant superintendent. Ten of the participants held Master's degrees, and one participant held a Doctoral degree. Participant perceptions of the over-representation of African Americans in special education often intertwined, so that there were shared themes across all three research questions. Overall, the participants acknowledged over-representation is an issue that needs attention through examination of teacher attitudes, teacher training, the referral process, and through initiatives that would lead to reducing over-representation. Most participants did not perceive an over-representation of African Americans in special education in their particular school district. Participant perceptions varied on the referral process used in their school district to determine if a student is eligible for special education services. Three participants perceived a cultural bias in the process, and nine perceived the process to be culturally unbiased. However, many of the participants acknowledged that referrals for an educational assessment are made before intense and appropriate interventions are put in place. Several participants said they see this more with African American students. The majority of the participants also indicated their perception that teachers often make referrals based on the inability to remediate disruptive behaviors. Initiatives to reduce the over-representation of African Americans in special education were described by participants in both negative and positive terms. Some participants indicated that initiatives are not needed in their district because they did not perceive an over-representation. Two participants acknowledged that initiatives are needed but they are costly and hard to implement. Most participants agreed that the Response to Intervention guidelines would lead to a decrease of African American representation in special education. The meaningful responses of the participants as related to the perceptions of over-representation reinforced the recommendations of those researchers cited in the review of literature. Those researchers promoted further study on the causes of over-representation of African Americans in special education and how educators can intervene in order to reduce the number of African American students placed in special education.

Download or read book Untold Narratives written by Shawn Anthony Robinson and published by IAP. This book was released on 2018-02-01 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book reflects a much needed area of scholarship as the voices of African American (AA) or Black students defined by various labels such as learning disability, blindness/visual impairment, cognitive development, speech or language impairment, and hearing impairment are rare within the scholarly literature. Students tagged with those identifiers within the Pk-20 academic system have not only been ignored, and discounted, but have also had their learning framed from a deficit perspective rather than a strength-based perspective. Moreover, it was uncommon to hear first person narratives about how AA students have understood their positions within the general education and special education systems. Therefore, with a pervasive lack of knowledge when it comes to understanding the experiences of AA with disabilities, this book describes personal experiences, and challenges the idea that AA students with disabilities are substandard. While this book will emphasize successful narratives, it will also provide counter-narratives to demystify the myth that those with disabilities cannot succeed or obtain terminal degrees. Overall, this edited book is a much needed contribution to the scholarly literature and may help teachers across a wide array of academic disciplines in meeting the academic and social needs of AA students with disabilities. ENDORSEMENTS: Dr. Shawn Robinson’s collection of personal narratives raises critical questions about the U. S. public education system. Written by African Americans compartmentalized in special education programs because of actual or perceived disabilities, these stories will impel readers even tangentially affiliated with educational institutions to consider testing, placement, mainstreaming, retention and promotion, and other assessment policies that determine grade-level readiness. Thanks to Robinson, the perspectives of these graduates who surmounted barriers to more positive and accommodating learning environments now receive proper attention. ~ John Pruitt, University of Wisconsin-Rock County With a bold vision, Dr. Shawn Anthony Robinson enters the discussion of Special Education with a collection of narratives that highlight the struggles and triumphs of marginalized students. In America, we have a long, contested history of “inclusion” of students of color and difference in our public, mainstream institutions. When these students are invited to the education table, they still must overcome persistent and pernicious barriers to true and equal educational opportunities. Consequently, students are left to “sink or swim” in oceans disparity and inequity. This collection of narratives and counter-narratives, confront the absence of adequate research and other empirical evidence of pedagogy and practice that would be essential to 21st Century progress in educational praxis. This volume represents one, important step towards adding new voices to the continuing struggle of meaningful inclusion. How might students of color and difference succeed in an education system that provides “no room to bloom? The authors address this challenge by exploring topics such as Aspirational Capital, Linguistic Capital, Familial Capital, Social Capital, Navigational Capital and Resistance Capital. The reader will be exposed to ideas that will help students “make a way out of no way” by working both within and against educational systems full of barriers and opportunities. Congratulations to Dr. Robinson and his colleagues as the content of this volume represents an important contribution to the extant literature. ~ Gregory A. Diggs , Denver, Colorado

Download or read book Educating African American Students written by Abul Pitre and published by R&L Education. This book was released on 2009-08-15 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a combination of case studies and research, the contributors of this timely book highlight some of the significant issues, historical, curricular, and societal, that have led to African American students having a proportionally larger representation in special education classes, higher drop-put rates, and more incidences of in-school, race-on-race violence. The contributors draw from critical pedagogy, multicultural education, and the Afrocentric canon to critique the American educational system. Educating African American Students examines historical issues that are significant for understanding the current state of affairs for African American education; addresses problems and issues in social studies education, mathematics education, and the overrepresentation of African American males in special education; and poignantly illuminates the necessity for renewed activism by telling the stories of African American children and their schooling experiences.

Download or read book DISPROPORTIONALITY IN EDUCATION AND SPECIAL EDUCATION written by Amity Lynn Noltemeyer and published by Charles C Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2012-07-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the burgeoning number of diverse students in our nation’s schools, coupled with the potentially negative outcomes and wasted resources associated with the misidentification of students for special education and excessive use of exclusionary discipline for specific subgroups of students, it is imperative that educational professionals understand and address the implications arising from disproportionality for children both with and without disabilities. This text contributes unique perspectives and up-to-date information, including advances and research that have emerged since the last of the extant books was published. Presented in three sections, the first considers disproportionality in special education identification, with chapters examining overrepresentation by ethnicity, gender, and language. The second section addresses disproportionality in discipline, specifically focusing on inequalities in school disciplinary actions and juvenile justice decisions based on ethnicity and gender. The final section provides readers with approaches for addressing disproportionality and creating more equitable learning environments now and in the future. The text encourages bidirectional and evolving relationships between the topics examined in each chapter with the historical framework presented. Because of the comprehensive nature of the topics covered in the book, it is an ideal “one-stop” reference for readers aiming to acquire a broad understanding of the key issues related to the topic. The book will appeal to a range of potential readers, including university students and practitioners in the fields of education, psychology, sociology, gender studies, ethnic studies, and criminal justice as well as lay-readers interested in issues of equality and/or education.

Download or read book Minority Students in Special and Gifted Education written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-08-30 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Special education and gifted and talented programs were designed for children whose educational needs are not well met in regular classrooms. From their inceptions, these programs have had disproportionate representation of racial and ethnic minority students. What causes this disproportion? Is it a problem? Minority Students in Special and Gifted Education considers possible contributors to that disparity, including early biological and environmental influences and inequities in opportunities for preschool and K-12 education, as well as the possibilities of bias in the referral and assessment system that leads to placement in special programs. It examines the data on early childhood experience, on differences in educational opportunity, and on referral and placement. The book also considers whether disproportionate representation should be considered a problem. Do special education programs provide valuable educational services, or do they set students off on a path of lower educational expectations? Would students not now placed in gifted and talented programs benefit from raised expectations, more rigorous classes, and the gifted label, or would they suffer failure in classes for which they are unprepared? By examining this important problem in U.S. education and making recommendations for early intervention and general education, as well as for changes in referral and assessment processes, Minority Students in Special and Gifted Education will be an indispensable resource to educators throughout the nation, as well as to policy makers at all levels, from schools and school districts to the state and federal governments.

Download or read book Racial Inequity in Special Education written by Daniel J. Losen and published by Harvard Education Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commissioned by The Civil Rights Project at Harvard, this text examines racial inequity in special education, with an emphasis on the experiences of African American children. Eleven contributions from educators and researchers discuss issues such as the overrepresentation of minority children in special education, racial disparities in funding, and the implications of the Corey H. lawsuit to desegregate students with disabilities in Chicago. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Download or read book Effective Teaching of African American Students who Receive Special Education Services written by Nancy Stone Bealmear and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is an examination of effective teaching of African American students who receive special education services by teachers who are either National Board Certified Teachers or Highly Qualified Master's Level teachers. It begins with an overview of the history of special education in the United States and the current conditions of special education. It then covers the matter of overrepresentation of African American students in special education and the various contributors to that problem. The conceptual framework is to examine the self-efficacy and best practices of National Board Certified Teachers (NBCTs) or Highly Qualified (HQ) Master's Level teachers from middle and high schools. It examines the literature addressing learning and cultural styles of African American students and how these learning styles may affect the achievement levels of African American students. The latter part of the dissertation provides examples of positive school practices for African American students. The dissertation is divided into five chapters, addressing special education policies and laws, overrepresentation of African American students in special education, literature on cultural and learning styles of African American students, effective teaching, and teaching standards. Chapter One looks at the history of African American education in the United States and how the Civil Rights Law affected their education and affected the education of students with disabilities. It also provides definitions of legal terminology for the special education law and disability categories. In addition, it covers teacher self-efficacy and teacher standards. The differences between National Board Certified Teachers and Highly Qualified Master's Level teachers are also addressed in Chapter One. Chapter Two is divided into three different sections that address literature and research about the history of African American education in the United States, the causes of overrepresentation, curriculum in the schools and multicultural curriculum, effective teaching, standards, critical race theory, African American cultural styles, and effective teaching of African American students. The first section is about the history of African American education in the United States and the history of civil rights for students with disabilities, and factors that contribute to overrepresentation. The second section pertains to curriculum models developed by researchers for multicultural education, what researchers consider as effective teaching, and teaching standards. The third section discusses critical race theory, cultural styles of African American students, and effective teaching of African American students. Chapters One and Two are theoretical in nature, and Chapters Three and Four focus on the methodology of the study and the results of the study. Chapter Three focuses on the type of study, the survey instrument, and the groups chosen for participation. This study uses a descriptive correlational design that employs a Likert-scale survey with a cross-sectional group of teachers. Survey responses from National Board Certified teachers (NBCT) are compared with responses from Master's Level Highly Qualified (HQ) teachers to determine possible differences and similarities in perceptions about classroom instruction, beliefs, and behaviors. This study investigates what both NBCT and HQ teachers perceive that makes them effective with African American students who receive special education services. This study also examines whether teachers' effectiveness consists explicitly of attitudes towards students, specific teaching technique, or methods, or a combination of both. Chapter Four examines the results of the survey questionnaire returned, and the demographics of the participants in the study. Chapter Five is a summary of the entire study and a detailed explanation of the specific questions indicating statistical differences in scores. The dissertation ends with recommendations for future research and educational implications for the findings.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Special Education written by Cecil R. Reynolds and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-02-26 with total page 2233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Third Edition of the highly acclaimed Encyclopedia of Special Education has been thoroughly updated to include the latest information about new legislation and guidelines. In addition, this comprehensive resource features school psychology, neuropsychology, reviews of new tests and curricula that have been developed since publication of the second edition in 1999, and new biographies of important figures in special education. Unique in focus, the Encyclopedia of Special Education, Third Edition addresses issues of importance ranging from theory to practice and is a critical reference for researchers as well as those working in the special education field.

Download or read book Disability Intersectionality and Belonging in Special Education written by Elizabeth A. Harkins Monaco and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2024-02-23 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disability, Intersectionality, and Belonging in Special Education focuses on preparing educators who use socioculturally sustaining practices, curricula, and instruction through an intersectional lens. This book empowers preservice students and special education practitioners and administrators to meet the needs of disabled individuals. Understanding the full range of requirements relating to socioculturally sustaining practices is imperative to working with individuals with disabilities as well as with their families and caregivers. Being able to understand and explain this complex issue to others is important and often necessary. Social injustices in special education are historical and systemic. Special education practitioners are typically unaware of the importance of intersectional differences because they have been prepared to address cultural perspectives only during awareness days or through specific units in curricula. At other times they discuss the topic diagnostically—for example, as part of an educational plan or when teaching English as a second language. Other issues stem from the value system of the special education practitioners themselves; some are not willing to engage in these concepts, while others prioritize treating all students the same by using the terms “fairness,” “equity,” and “colorblindness” to justify this treatment. Even when special educator practitioners attempt to address injustices on behalf of their students, they tend to center on only the student’s disability, which means they are ignoring or erasing other aspects of their students’ identities. These concerns highlight the importance of building the sociocultural competence of our teaching force. This book will help practitioners build this competence in their own spheres of influence.

Download or read book Why Are So Many Students of Color in Special Education written by Beth Harry and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing to life the voices of children, families, and school personnel, this bestseller describes in detail the school climates and social processes that place many children of color at risk of being assigned inappropriate disability labels. Now in its third edition, this powerful ethnographic study examines the placement of Black and Hispanic students in the subjectively determined, high-incidence disability categories of special education. The authors present compelling narratives representing the range of experiences faced by culturally and linguistically diverse students who fall under the liminal shadow of perceived disability. This edition updates the literature on disproportionality, highlighting the deeply embedded and systemic nature of this decades-old pattern in which reforms represent mere shifts across disability categories, while disproportionality remains. Applying lenses of cultural-historical and critical disability theories, this edition expands on the authors’ previous theoretical insights with updated recommendations for improving educational practice, teacher training, and policy renewal. Book Features: A unique examination of the school-based contributors to disproportionality based on research conducted in a large, culturally diverse school district.Holistic views of the referral and placement process detailing students’ trajectories across 4 years from initial instruction to referral, evaluation, and placement in special education.An update on the patterns and literature related to disproportionality.Analysis of the cultural-historical nature of disproportionality and the socially constructed nature of the high-incidence disability categories.Recommendations for changing the conceptualization of children’s learning difficulties, moving away from the presumption of children’s intrinsic deficits toward evaluations based on human variation.

Download or read book Current Issues and Trends in Special Education written by Festus E. Obiakor and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-25 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of special education constantly changes as a result of legislation, instructional formats and research investigations. Addressing the issues and trends in Special Education, this title covers identification, assessment and instruction. It also covers research, technology, and teacher preparation.

Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Critical Perspectives on Social Justice in Speech Language Pathology written by Horton, RaMonda and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-06-25 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is very little discussion of socially just approaches to speech-language pathology. Within other fields of clinically-oriented practice, social justice is a topic that has received a great deal of attention within the last few years. Pedagogy for addressing social justice has been developed in other disciplines. The field of communication disorders has failed to move forward and do the same. Discussion of social justice is important given the current sociopolitical climate and landscape that clients carry out in their day-to-day functioning. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have an opportunity to engage in practices that help address and alleviate some of the injustices that contribute to educational and health disparities experienced by communities of color. They may do this through the development and application of a socially just orientation of culturally competent practice that fosters changes beyond the individual level. Adapting such a framework makes it possible for SLPs to effectively advocate for and foster equity and inclusion for the individuals and broader communities impacted by SLP services. Critical Perspectives on Social Justice in Speech-Language Pathology addresses the socio-political contexts of how the field of speech-language pathology and service delivery can impact policy and debates related to social justice issues. It explores social position factors and the experiences of marginalized communities to explore how speech-language pathologists deliver services, train and prepare students, and carry out research in communities of color. It covers topic areas including disproportionality in special education, disability rights and ableism, achievement and opportunity gaps, health disparities, and LGBTQ+ rights with a focus on voice, communication, and gender-diverse populations. This book is essential for speech-language pathologists, administrators, practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students interested in how the SLP profession and discipline can contribute to or develop efforts to help address injustices faced by Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) communities.

Download or read book Research and Evaluation in Education and Psychology written by Donna M. Mertens and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2014-03-06 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focused on increasing the credibility of research and evaluation, the Fourth Edition of Donna M. Mertens’s comprehensive Research and Evaluation in Education and Psychology: Integrating Diversity with Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods incorporates the viewpoints of various research paradigms into its descriptions of these methods. Providing specific advice on conducting research in culturally complex communities, the new edition has been updated to align with the American Psychological Association and the National Council of Accreditation of Teacher Education accreditation requirements. Approximately sixty percent of the content in the Fourth Edition is new, updated with numerous contemporary examples, making this book one of the most comprehensive, accessible, and practical methods books available. Praise for the previous edition: “The organization of the text reflects the author’s intent, philosophy, and objectives . . . [Mertens] clearly presents approaches, descriptions, and many examples useful in conducting studies; she is to be commended for the thoroughness of her work.” —Frank D. Adams, Wayne State College “Excellent descriptions, definitions, examples, and narrative about social science theory and the various paradigms. Mertens’ use [of] a wide variety of social identities to provide her examples makes the text inclusive of a variety of diverse identities. It is also useful to see the differences between [research and evaluation] and to select methods appropriate to the intention of the inquiry.” —Katrina L. Rodriguez, University of Northern Colorado

Download or read book Persistence and Pervasion of Disproportionate Representation of African American Students in Special Education Programs written by Billye D. Brown and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reconceptualizing the Implications of Eurocentric Discourse Vis vis the Educational Realities of African American Students with Some Implications for Special Education written by Carl L. Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a conceptual study that uses Afrocentric, racial contract, racial formation, and social censure theories to perform a critical philosophical interrogation of certain historical and contemporary aspects of White supremacy and Eurocentrism. Collectively, the theories that inform this study brings into focus the marginalization of African American students as it pertains to their overrepresentation in special education. This study examines how White supremacy and Eurocentrism impacts the social and political realities of African Americans and people of African descent throughout the enterprise of American schooling and beyond. The aforementioned critical social and political analysis is used to explore the historical and contemporary implications of Eurocentric educational discourse regarding the educational realities of African American students, particularly their overrepresentation in special education. An important component of this study is the delineation of some of the influential ideas and ideological perspectives of some of the major Western philosophers and the impact that these thinkers had on the construction of educational institutions and societal norms that marginalize certain groups of people, particularly African Americans. Concomitantly, the discourses of objectivity and scientism that emerged from the Renaissance and Enlightenment movements are critically interrogated regarding their respective roles in thrusting Eurocentrism into prominence. This study examines the phenomenon of marginalization, domination, otherization, colonization, and oppression that emerge out of Eurocentricity, which invariably, adversely impact the realities of African Americans throughout the enterprise of American schooling and beyond. By conceptualizing a discourse via Afrocentric, racial contract, racial formation, and social censure theories that critically examines the overrepresentation of African Americans from an Afrocentric perspective, this study reveals that African American students are institutionally marginalized and oppressed via culturally insensitive institutional logic, which in turn, produces culturally insensitive educators and educational policy. These realities are illuminated by re-theorizing the phenomenon of the overrepresentation of African Americans in special education. This is achieved via a critical analysis that deconstructs mainstream European norms, values, and customs as being, in many cases, antithetical to the academic and social development of African Americans in the educational setting. This study introduces Afrocentric educational discourse as a viable alternative to Eurocentric educational discourse. Due to the fact that Afrocentric educational discourse rejects the negative attributes of Eurocentric educational discourse, it offers legitimate sociopolitical emancipatory implications for African Americans throughout the enterprise of schooling and beyond.