Download or read book The Epizootiology of Type C Botulism in Fish eating Birds at Salton Sea California written by Pauline Nol and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology and Management of Avian Botulism in Fish eating Birds at the Salton Sea written by Tonie E. Rocke and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Infectious Diseases of Wild Birds written by Nancy J. Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-01-09 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Free-living birds encounter multiple health hazards brought on by viruses, bacteria, and fungi, some which in turn can significantly impact other animal populations and human health. Newly emerging diseases and new zoonotic forms of older diseases have brought increased global attention to the health of wild bird populations. Recognition and management of these diseases is a high priority for all those involved with wildlife. Infectious Diseases of Wild Birds provides biologists, wildlife managers, wildlife and veterinary health professionals and students with the most comprehensive reference on infectious viral, bacterial and fungal diseases affecting wild birds. Bringing together contributions from an international team of experts, the book offers the most complete information on these diseases, their history, causative agents, significance and population impact. Focusing on more than just treatment, special emphasis is given to disease processes, recognition and epidemiology.
Download or read book Botulism Outbreak in California written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Fisheries and Wildlife Conservation and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Committee Serial No. 91-8. Investigates botulism poisoning of over 8,000 waterfowl in.
Download or read book Type C Botulism Among Wild Birds written by Edwin Richard Kalmbach and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About 1910, notice began to be taken of a disease among waterfowl in the western U.S.; in subsequent years great numbers of waterfowl were lost to "western duck sickness". It was suggested that the disease might be a form of "alkaline poisoning," but eventually the cause was recognized a toxin of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum type C. This sketch includes a number of references.
Download or read book Relationship Between Environmental Factors the Clostridium Botulinum Type C Toxin Gene and Avian Botulism written by Amy Jo Miyamoto and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Waterbirds Around the World written by G. C. Boere and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2006 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the outcome of a major international conference on waterbirds held in Edinburgh in April 2004.
Download or read book Experimental Avian Botulism Studies on Sewage Oxidation Ponds in Utah written by Daniel W. Moulton and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study was to field-test the microenvironment concept of avian botulism epizootiology. The microenvironment concept hypothesizes that aquatic invertebrate carcasses may serve both as a substrate for toxin production by Clostridium botulinum type C in nature and as a vehicle for toxin transmission to water birds. This concept has become the generally accepted, but inadequately tested, working hypothesis of type C botulism epizootiology. This study attempted to experimentally induce type C botulism in sentinel flocks of mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and American coots (Fulica americana) on sewage oxidation ponds in northern Utah. The three experimental oxidation ponds were inoculated with Cl. botulinum type C (strain X220B2) endospores in June,l974. Aquatic invertebrate populations were monitored throughout the summer. Rotenone was used in August in two of the experimental ponds (one pond served as a control) to kill aquatic invertebrates and thereby provide a large amount of substrate for clostridial growth and toxin production. No botulism was detected among the sentinel birds even though they routinely ingested invertebrate carcasses. None of the samples of dead invertebrates collected from the experimental ponds contained detectable (in white mice) botulinum toxin. It was concluded that the microenvironment concept, as it now stands, cannot always be a sufficient explanation of how type C botulism epizootics are initiated in nature. Microbiological experiments designed to determine why the invertebrate carcasses collected from the study ponds contained no botulinum toxin were started and are now ongoing. Early results indicate that Cl. botulinum (X220B2) cells may not normally be able to effectively compete (at least in terms of toxin production) with other microorganisms present in the sewage ponds. It is suggested that the initiation of a type C botulism epizootic in nature may require the alleviation of the inhibitory effects of other putrefactive microorganisms upon clostrid, The objective of this study was to field-test the microenvironment concept of avian botulism epizootiology. The microenvironment concept hypothesizes that aquatic invertebrate carcasses may serve both as a substrate for toxin production by Clostridium botulinum type C in nature and as a vehicle for toxin transmission to water birds. This concept has become the generally accepted, but inadequately tested, working hypothesis of type C botulism epizootiology. This study attempted to experimentally induce type C botulism in sentinel flocks of mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and American coots (Fulica americana) on sewage oxidation ponds in northern Utah. The three experimental oxidation ponds were inoculated with Cl. botulinum type C (strain X220B2) endospores in June 1974. Aquatic invertebrate populations were monitored throughout the summer. Rotenone was used in August in two of the experimental ponds (one pond served as a control) to kill aquatic invertebrates and thereby provide a large amount of substrate for clostridial growth and toxin production. No botulism was detected among the sentinel birds even though they routinely ingested invertebrate carcasses. None of the samples of dead invertebrates collected from the experimental ponds contained detectable (in white mice) botulinum toxin. It was concluded that the microenvironment concept. as it now stands, cannot always be a sufficient explanation of how type C botulism epizootics are initiated in nature. Microbiological experiments designed to determine why the invertebrate carcasses collected from the study ponds contained no botulinum toxin were started and are now ongoing. Early results indicate that Cl. botulinum (X220B2) cells may not normally be able to effectively compete (at least in terms of toxin production) with other microorganisms present in the sewage ponds. It is suggested that the initiation of a type C botulism epizootic in nature may require the alleviation of the inhibitory effects of other putrefactive microorganisms upon clostrid...
Download or read book Field Manual of Wildlife Diseases written by and published by Geological Survey (USGS). This book was released on 1999 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Addressing Emerging Infectious Disease Threats written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This plan addresses the need to improve our ability to identify infectious disease threats and respond to them effectively by improving the public health infrastructure at the local, state and federal levels. The goals of the plan are surveillance (detect, promptly investigate, and monitor emerging pathogens, the diseases they cause, and the factors influencing their emergence); applied research (integrate laboratory science and epidemiology to optimize public health practice); prevention and control (enhance communication of public health information about emerging diseases and ensure prompt implementation of prevention strategies); and infrastructure (strengthen local, state, and federal public health infrastructures to support surveillance and implement prevention and control programs).
Download or read book Coastal Ecological Systems of the United States written by Howard T. Odum and published by Conservation Foundation. This book was released on 1974-06-01 with total page 1977 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fish Disease written by Edward J. Noga and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-11-16 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment, Second Edition provides thorough, yet concise descriptions of viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic and noninfectious diseases in an exhaustive number of fish species. Now in full color with over 500 images, the book is designed as a comprehensive guide to the identification and treatment of both common and rare problems encountered during the clinical work-up. Diseases are discussed following a systems-based approach to ensure a user-friendly and practical manual for identifying problems. Fish Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment, Second Edition is the must-have reference for any aquaculturists, aquatic biologists, or fish health specialists dealing with diagnosing or treating fish diseases.
Download or read book National Detector Dog Manual written by U. s. Department of Agriculture and published by . This book was released on 2004-02 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Detector Dog Manual covers background information, procedures, health care, and training related to detector dog activities. This manual is divided into five chapters: Introduction Procedures Health Care Training Glossary Also included are appendixes and an index.
Download or read book Emerging Viruses written by Stephen S. Morse and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1996-08-01 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New epidemics such as AIDS and "mad cow" disease have dramatized the need to explore the factors underlying rapid viral evolution and emerging viruses. This comprehensive volume is the first to describe this multifaceted new field. It places viral evolution and emergence in a historical context, describes the interaction of viruses with hosts, and details the advances in molecular biology and epidemiology that have provided the tools necessary to track developing viral epidemics and to detect new viruses far more successfully than could be done in the recent past. This unique book also lucidly details case histories and offers practical suggestions for the prevention of future epidemics. The contributors are leading authorities in their disciplines, and were selected both for their expert knowledge and for their ability to define and elucidate the fundamental issues. The book is highly accessible and has been written for a wide audience that includes virologists, public health authorities, medical anthropologists, evolutionary biologists, geneticists, infectious disease specialists, and social scientists interested in medical and health issues.
Download or read book Diseases of Wild Waterfowl written by Gary A. Wobeser and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Management of wild waterfowl has become increasingly intensive. Many birds now hatch in managed nesting cover or in artificial nesting structures, use man-made wetlands, and winter on crowded refuges while consuming a grain diet The water they use is often limited in supply and may contain residues from its many prior users. Unfortunately, intensified management often results in new problems, among which disease is important There are many similarities between the current form of management used for some waterfowl and that used in domestic animals. In both, the objective is to maintain a healthy, productive population. Dealing with health problems in waterfowl will benefit from combining the skills of veterinary medicine and wildlife ecology. Revisiting this book after 15 years allowed me to consider changes at the interface between the two disciplines. Veterinary medicine traditionally has been concerned with the individual and with treating sick animals, while the ecologist is concerned with populations and the manager has limited interest in treating sick birds. During this period there has been a marked increase in awareness among veterinarians that they have a responsibility in wildlife and conservation biology. Curricula of many veterinary colleges now include material on non-domestic animals and attempt to put disease in an ecological context. Also during this time, waterfowl managers have become more aware of disease as a factor in population biology and there are early attempts to put numbers to "disease" in models of continental waterfowl populations.
Download or read book Status and Trends of the Nation s Biological Resources V 1 and 2 written by Catherine E. Puckett Haecker and published by Geological Survey (USGS). This book was released on 1998 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assesses the health of the United States plants, animals, and ecosystems.
Download or read book Bird parasite Interactions written by Jenella E. Loye and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1991 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Birds are hosts to many parasites, internal and external. The parasites inevitably form a burden to the host bird and therefore may affect its ability to grow, survive, and reproduce; its behaviour; and the distribution and abundance of the whole species. In consequence, bird-parasite systemshave attracted attention from diverse fields and the literature has been spread out in a wide range of specialized journals. The editors of this book have drawn together a comprehensive range of experts in the field to provide an invaluable reference of current work in bird-parasite interactions. The book is divided into four parts. The introduction provides the contemporary context of research in bird-parasite systems and presents case studies which combine theoretical concepts with experimental data. Subsequent parts focus on the ecology; behavioural responses; and the effect ofparasitism on sexual selection.
