Download or read book The Environmental Effect on Corrosion Fatigue Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steels written by Lun Yu (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion fatigue is a multivariate challenge that threatens the lifetime of service of nuclear power plant materials, especially austenitic stainless steels. Both enhancement and retardation of crack growth have been observed in laboratory tests. This thesis work performs high temperature autoclave testing, post-test characterization and mechanistic modeling to understand the corrosion fatigue behavior of austenitic stainless steels in simulated light water reactor (LWR) environments. Crack growth rate (CGR) data were generated from the autoclave testing on low (0.001 wt.%) and high (0.03 wt.%) sulfur content heat 1T compact tension (CT) specimens. Tests were controlled under constant K (22-35 MPa [square root of]m) with load ratio of 0.7 and sawtooth waveform (85% rise vs. 15% fall), and at pH =10 and 288 °C with system pressure of 9.54 MPa. Crack enhancement was observed in low sulfur content heat specimens, and the CGR increases as the loading rise time increases. The fracture surfaces of low sulfur content heat specimens showed transgranular features with facets ("river pattern") and few oxide particles. Crack retardation was observed in high sulfur content heat specimens, and the CGR decreases as the loading rise time increases. The fracture surfaces of high sulfur content heat specimens showed distinct features at different rise time step. Transgranular features ("river pattern") were observed at short rise time step, while non-descript surfaces with fine octahedral oxide particles were observed at long rise time step. Additionally, tests in deuterium water were performed to enable measurements on hydrogen/deuterium concentrations in specimens using ToF-SIMS and hot vacuum extraction techniques. Deuterium pick-up from the testing environment was observed, and the enrichment of deuterium/hydrogen ahead of crack tip was also observed. Controlled experiments were also conducted, where specimens were baked prior to the autoclave testing to remove the residual internal hydrogen. Such heat treatment removing the internal hydrogen was found to not affect the crack growth behavior. Dissolved gases, hydrogen and argon respectively, were bubbled into system during the autoclave tests, and they resulted in similar crack growth behaviors. Modeling indicates that there exists an enhancement mechanism other than corrosion mass removal driving the crack growth in simulated LWR environments. Possibly it comes from the effect of corrosion-generated hydrogen. Retardation behavior and experimental observations could be understood and explained by concept and modeling of corrosion blunting. The results suggest excess conservatism of current ASME standards N-809 for high sulfur content austenitic stainless steels.
Download or read book The Effect of Environment Chemistry and Microstructure on the Corrosion Fatigue Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steels in High Temperature Water written by Lindsay Beth O'Brien and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of sulfur on the corrosion fatigue crack growth of austenitic stainless steel was evaluated under Light Water Reactor (LWR) conditions of 288°C deaerated (less than 5ppb O2) water, to shed light on the accelerating effect of the LWR environment and to explore the effect of high sulfur content on the retardation of fatigue crack growth rates. Fatigue tests were performed using a trapezoidal loading pattern with rise times of 5.1, 51, 510, and 5100 seconds (fall time of 0.9, 9, 90, and 900 seconds), with Kmzx of 28.6 or 31.9 MPa[mathematical symbol]m and stress ratios (R, Pmin/Pmax) of 0.4 or 0.7. Two test materials were used to evaluate the effect of sulfur: (1) a low sulfur (
Download or read book Review of Environmental Effects on Fatigue Crack Growth of Austenitic Stainless Steels written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fatigue and environmentally assisted cracking of piping, pressure vessel cladding, and core components in light water reactors are potential concerns to the nuclear industry and regulatory agencies. The degradation processes include intergranular stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steel (SS) piping in boiling water reactors (BWRs), and propagation of fatigue or stress corrosion cracks (which initiate in sensitized SS cladding) into low-alloy ferritic steels in BWR pressure vessels. Crack growth data for wrought and cast austenitic SSs in simulated BWR water, developed at Argonne National Laboratory under US Nuclear Regulatory Commission sponsorship over the past 10 years, have been compiled into a data base along with similar data obtained from the open literature. The data were analyzed to develop corrosion-fatigue curves for austenitic SSs in aqueous environments corresponding to normal BWR water chemistries, for BWRs that add hydrogen to the feedwater, and for pressurized water reactor primary-system-coolant chemistry. The corrosion-fatigue data and curves in water were compared with the air line in Section XI of the ASME Code.
Download or read book Fatigue and Corrosion in Metals written by Pietro Paolo Milella and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 965 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atlas of Stress corrosion and Corrosion Fatigue Curves written by A. J. McEvily and published by ASM International(OH). This book was released on 1990 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reference for materials scientists that can be used to find the effects of various corrosive media and processing variables on the stress-corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue characteristics of ferrous and nonferrous alloys. There are more than 500 stress/cracking-time curves, S/N curves, and
Download or read book High Temperature Fatigue Behaviour of Austenitic Stainless Steel written by Hugo Wärner and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-12-20 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global energy consumption is increasing and together with global warming from greenhouse gas emission, create the need for more environmental friendly energy production processes. Higher efficiency of biomass power plants can be achieved by increasing temperature and pressure in the boiler section and this would increase the generation of electricity along with the reduction in emission of greenhouse gases e.g. CO2. The power generation must also be flexible to be able to follow the demands of the energy market, this results in a need for cyclic operating conditions with alternating output and multiple start-ups and shut-downs. Because of the demands of flexibility, higher temperature and higher pressure in the boiler section of future biomass power plants, the demands on improved mechanical properties of the materials of these components are also increased. Properties like creep strength, thermomechanical fatigue resistance and high temperature corrosion resistance are critical for materials used in the next generation biomass power plants. Austenitic stainless steels are known to possess such good high temperature properties and are relatively cheap compared to the nickel-base alloys, which are already operating at high temperature cyclic conditions in other applications. The behaviour of austenitic stainless steels during these widened operating conditions are not yet fully understood. The aim of this licentiate thesis is to increase the knowledge of the mechanical behaviour at high temperature cyclic conditions for austenitic stainless steels. This is done by the use of thermomechanical fatigue- and creepfatigue testing at elevated temperatures. For safety reasons, the effect of prolonged service degradation is investigated by pre-ageing before mechanical testing. Microscopy is used to investigate the microstructural development and resulting damage behaviour of the austenitic stainless steels after testing. The results show that creep-fatigue interaction damage, creep damage and oxidation assisted cracking are present at high temperature cyclic conditions. In addition, simulated service degradation resulted in a detrimental embrittling effect due to the deterioration by the microstructural evolution.
Download or read book Corrosion Fatigue Behavior of Austenitic Ferritic Stainless Steels written by JA. Moskovitz and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The corrosion-fatigue behavior of austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steels, which combine high strength, good fracture toughness, and excellent corrosion resistance, is described in detail. The physical metallurgy of this class of alloys is reviewed so that the microstructure of different cast and wrought alloys can be understood in terms of alloy content, heat treatment, and cooling rate. The corrosion and stress corrosion cracking behaviors of duplex stainless steels are discussed and related to their corrosion-fatigue resistance. The results of recent work investigating the effects of various microstructural variables on corrosion-fatigue crack initiation and crack propagation in acidic chloride solution are described. The main structural variables are: volume fraction of austenite and ferrite, microstructural orientation of the different phases, embrittling intermetallic precipitates, and grain boundary carbides. An attempt is made to describe the microstructural features which will give the best corrosion-fatigue resistance in austenitic-ferritic stainless steels.
Download or read book Corrosion Fatigue Behavior of Austenitic ferritic Stainless Steels written by Jerome Alan Moskovitz and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Nitrogen Steels written by Valentin G. Gavriljuk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic research and new manufacturing methods have led to high nitrogen steels (HNS), a promising new group of materials for use in advanced applications in mechanical and chemical engineering. The book deals with the atomic structure, constitution, properties, manufacturing and application of martensitic, austenitic, duplex and dualphase steels of superior strength and corrosion resistance. Combining metallurgy and engineering aspects. It gives a detailed overview and presents new results on HNS. The book is intended for scientists as well as technologists, who will find stimulating information.
Download or read book The Fatigue and Corrosion Fatigue Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steel AISI 304 After Deep Rolling at Various Temperatures written by Juthathip Kongthep and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Environment on Crack Growth Behavior in Austenitic Stainless Steels Under Creep and Fatigue Conditions written by K. Sadananda and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors written by John H. Jackson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-20 with total page 2460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume set represents a collection of papers presented at the 18th International Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems – Water Reactors. The purpose of this conference series is to foster an exchange of ideas about problems and their remedies in water-cooled nuclear power plants of today and the future. Contributions cover problems facing nickel-based alloys, stainless steels, pressure vessel and piping steels, zirconium alloys, and other alloys in water environments of relevance. Components covered include pressure boundary components, reactor vessels and internals, steam generators, fuel cladding, irradiated components, fuel storage containers, and balance of plant components and systems.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems Water Reactors written by Gabriell Ilevbare and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-17 with total page 2354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 15th Edition of the International Conference on Materials Degradation in Light Water Reactors focuses on subject areas critical to the safe and efficient running of nuclear reactor systems through the exchange and discussion of reseach results as well as field operating and management experience.
Download or read book Corrosion Fatigue Behavior of Some Special Stainless Steels written by C. Amzallag and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have studied the corrosion-fatigue crack initiation and propagation of different types of steels: two austenitic, one austenitic-ferritic, and one ferritic. The testing program had been established in order to define, particularly, the part in corrosion fatigue of electrochemical effects and mechanical damage. Tests were carried out on smooth specimens in rotating bending and on precracked specimens in tension in air, and in a 3 percent aerated solution of sodium chloride.
Download or read book Statistical Models of Mean Stress and Water Environment Effects on the Fatigue Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent research efforts have focused on characterizing the effects of light water reactor environments on the fatigue behavior of austenitic stainless steels. In conjunction with these experimental programs, there has been a significant effort at Argonne National Laboratory to develop statistical models for predicting the fatigue behavior of austenitic stainless steels in air and water environments at prototypical temperatures and loading rates. Some recent testing has also been concerned with the effect of mean stress on the fatigue behavior of 304 stainless steel in air. The ultimate goal of all these efforts is to allow development of fatigue design curves and design procedures that will assure adequate margin to fatigue crack initiation under prototypical operating conditions. In this paper, a best-fit strain-life curve for 304 stainless steel in air that takes into account the effect of mean stress is developed using the Smith-Watson-Topper equivalent strain parameter. A model for predicting the effect of water environments on fatigue life in both low and high oxygen water environments for a range of temperatures and loading rates is also described. Additional effort is required to develop the most appropriate way to develop a fatigue design curve from the mean stress and water effects models.
Download or read book Effects of Environment on the Low cycle Fatigue Behavior of Type 304 Stainless Steel written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The low-cycle fatigue behavior of Type 304 stainless steel has been investigated at 593/sup 0/C in a dynamic vacuum of better than 1.3 x 10/sup -6/ Pa (10/sup -8/ torr). The results concerning the effects of strain range, strain rate and tensile hold time on fatigue life are presented and compared with results of similar tests performed in air and sodium environments. Under continuous symmetrical cycling, fatigue life is significantly longer in vacuum than in air; in the low strain range regime, the effect of sodium on fatigue life appears to be similar to that of vacuum. Strain rate (or frequency) strongly influences fatigue life in both air and vacuum. In compressive hold-time tests, the effect of environment on life is similar to that in a continuous-cycling test. However, tensile hold times are nearly as damaging in vacuum as in air. Thus, at least for austenitic stainless steels, the influence of the environment of fatigue life appears to depend on the loading waveshape.
Download or read book Environment sensitive Fracture of Engineering Materials written by Z. A. Foroulis and published by Society for Mining Metallurgy & Exploration. This book was released on 1979 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
