Download or read book The Emergence of Morality in Young Children written by John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. Health Sciences Program and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How- and when- do children distinguish right from wrong? Several prominent psychologists and a moral philosopher join in these essays to confront this issue and related questions and to clarify the controversies surrounding them. Introducing cross-cultural and cross-disciplinary viewpoints, the resulting volume is a landmark in the study of moral development.

Download or read book Children and Social Exclusion written by Melanie Killen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-28 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children and Social Exclusion: Morality, Prejudice, and Group Identity explores the origins of prejudice and the emergence of morality to explain why children include some and exclude others. Formulates an original theory about children’s experiences with exclusion and how they understand the world of discrimination based on group membership Brings together Social Domain Theory and Social Identity Theory to explain how children view exclusion that often results in prejudice, and inclusion that reflects social justice and morality Presents new research data consisting of in-depth interviews from childhood to late adolescence, observational findings with peer groups, and experimental paradigms that test how children understand group dynamics and social norms, and show either group bias or morality Illustrates data with direct quotes from children along with diagrams depicting their social understanding Presents new insights about the origins of prejudice and group bias, as well as morality and fairness, drawn from extensive original data

Download or read book The Philosophy of Childhood written by Gareth Matthews and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adult preconceptions about the mental life of children tend to discourage a child’s philosophical bent. By exposing the underpinnings of adult views of childhood, Matthews clears the way for recognizing the philosophy of childhood as a legitimate field of inquiry and conducts us through influential models for understanding what it is to be a child.

Download or read book Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology written by Michael Lewis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-04-09 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When developmental psychologists set forth the theory that the roots of adult psychopathology could be traced to childhood experience and behavior, the idea quickly took hold. Subsequently, as significant research in this area advanced during the past decade, more sophisticated theory, more accurate research methodologies, and improved replication of empirical findings have been the result. The Third Edition of the Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology incorporates these research advances throughout its comprehensive, up-to-date examination of this diverse and maturing field. Integrative state-of-the-art models document the complex interplay of risk and protective factors and other variables contributing to normal and pathological development. New and updated chapters describe current refinements in assessment methods and offer the latest research findings from neuroscience. In addition, the Third Edition provides readers with a detailed review across the spectrum of salient topics, from the effects of early deprivation to the impact of puberty. As the field continues to shift from traditional symptom-based concepts of pathology to a contemporary, dynamic paradigm, the Third Edition addresses such key topics as: Early Childhood disorders, including failure to thrive and attachment disorders. Aggression, ADHD, and other disruptive conditions. Developmental models of depression, anxiety, self-injury/suicide, and OCD. The autism spectrum and other chronic developmental disorders. Child maltreatment and trauma disorders. The Third Edition of the Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology is a discipline-defining, forward-looking resource for researchers, clinicians, scientist-practitioners, and graduate students in such fields as developmental psychology, psychiatry, social work, child and school psychology, educational psychology, and pediatrics.“p>

Download or read book Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.

Download or read book Empathy and Moral Development written by Martin L. Hoffman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-11-12 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The culmination of three decades of study and research in the area of child and developmental psychology.

Download or read book Just Babies written by Paul Bloom and published by Crown. This book was released on 2014-11-11 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A leading cognitive scientist argues that a deep sense of good and evil is bred in the bone. From John Locke to Sigmund Freud, philosophers and psychologists have long believed that we begin life as blank moral slates. Many of us take for granted that babies are born selfish and that it is the role of society—and especially parents—to transform them from little sociopaths into civilized beings. In Just Babies, Paul Bloom argues that humans are in fact hardwired with a sense of morality. Drawing on groundbreaking research at Yale, Bloom demonstrates that, even before they can speak or walk, babies judge the goodness and badness of others’ actions; feel empathy and compassion; act to soothe those in distress; and have a rudimentary sense of justice. Still, this innate morality is limited, sometimes tragically. We are naturally hostile to strangers, prone to parochialism and bigotry. Bringing together insights from psychology, behavioral economics, evolutionary biology, and philosophy, Bloom explores how we have come to surpass these limitations. Along the way, he examines the morality of chimpanzees, violent psychopaths, religious extremists, and Ivy League professors, and explores our often puzzling moral feelings about sex, politics, religion, and race. In his analysis of the morality of children and adults, Bloom rejects the fashionable view that our moral decisions are driven mainly by gut feelings and unconscious biases. Just as reason has driven our great scientific discoveries, he argues, it is reason and deliberation that makes possible our moral discoveries, such as the wrongness of slavery. Ultimately, it is through our imagination, our compassion, and our uniquely human capacity for rational thought that we can transcend the primitive sense of morality we were born with, becoming more than just babies. Paul Bloom has a gift for bringing abstract ideas to life, moving seamlessly from Darwin, Herodotus, and Adam Smith to The Princess Bride, Hannibal Lecter, and Louis C.K. Vivid, witty, and intellectually probing, Just Babies offers a radical new perspective on our moral lives.

Download or read book The Ability of Young Children to Distinguish Between Morality and Convention written by Jörg Böttcher and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2002-12-13 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Zusammenfassung: Diese theoretische Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit Thema, inwieweit entwicklungspsychologische Forschungsbemühungen im Bereich der sogenannten „frühen Moral“ Aufklärung zu der Frage beitragen, ob Kinder in der Lage sind, moralische von konventionellen Normen zu unterscheiden bzw. sich diesen Unterscheidungen entsprechend zu verhalten. Ausgegangen wird dabei von den Arbeiten Lawrence Kohlbergs, der die These vertrat, jüngere Kinder (unter 10 Jahre alt) seien in ihrem sozialen Verhalten nahezu ausschließlich daran orientiert, Strafe zu vermeiden bzw. in egozentrischer Weise ihre Ziele zu verfolgen. Fähigkeiten zur Perspektivenübernahme seien nicht vorhanden; echtes moralisches Verhalten (nach Kohlberg die Orientierung des Handelns an Maßstäben der Gerechtigkeit) sei somit bei ihnen nicht möglich. Innerhalb verschiedener Forschungsansätze wurde diese Sicht der moralischen Kompetenz jüngerer Kinder in Frage gestellt. Es stellte sich heraus, dass Kinder unter bestimmten Bedingungen sehr wohl Entscheidungen treffen können, die sie mit Rückgriff auf moralische Normen begründen. Sie sind auch fähig, konventionelle von moralischen Normen zu unterscheiden, indem sie moralische Verhaltensregeln beispielsweise als weniger veränderbar betrachten als Konventionen. In meinem Überblick stelle ich die verschiedenen theoretischen und methodologischen Vorgehensweisen der Ansätze dar und arbeite heraus, welche Unterschiede in den Forschungsmethoden zu welchen Unterschieden in der Beurteilung der moralischen Entwicklung von Kindern führen. Dabei stellt sich unter anderem heraus, dass bestimmte Untersuchungsdesigns geradezu verhindern, dass Kinder innerhalb dieser Untersuchungen moralisches Verhalten zeigen können. Es ergibt sich ein durch die neueren Ansätze erweitertes und differenzierteres Bild in bezug auf die moralischen Fähigkeiten von Kindern, als das von Kohlberg propagierte. Wie ich aufzeige, bedeutet dies jedoch in keiner Weise, dass Kohlberg durch die neueren Ansätze „widerlegt“ wurde. Es wird vielmehr deutlich, dass Einseitigkeiten bzw. blinde Flecken in den Forschungsansätzen sowohl bei Kohlberg als auch bei seinen Kritikern zu den dargestellten unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen geführt haben, und dass es darum notwendig ist, die unterschiedlichen Ansätze zu integrieren. Abstract: In this diploma thesis I want to consider several approaches in the area of moral development research. Given the theory of Lawrence Kohlberg, young [...]

Download or read book Handbook of Research on the Education of Young Children written by Bernard Spodek and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-27 with total page 887 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Research on the Education of Young Children, Second Edition is an essential reference on research in early childhood education not only in the United States but throughout the world. It provides a comprehensive overview of important contemporary issues and the information necessary to make judgments about these issues. The field has changed significantly since the publication of the first edition of this Handbook in 1993, creating a need for an update. The Handbook of Research on the Education of Young Children, Second Edition is thus focused on research conducted over the past decade or so. The volume is organized in four parts: *Early Childhood Education and Child Development. New in this edition: moral development; the development of creativity. *Early Childhood Educational Curriculum. New in this edition: movement or dance education; the education of linguistically and culturally diverse children. *Foundations of Early Childhood Educational Policy. New in this edition: childhood poverty; the education of bilingual children. *Research and Evaluation Strategies for Early Childhood Education. New in this edition: doing historical research in early childhood education; postmodern and feminist orientations. The Handbook of Research on the Education of Young Children, Second Edition makes the expanding knowledge base related to early childhood education readily available and accessible. It is a valuable tool for all who work and study in the field.

Download or read book Moral Child written by William Damon and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2008-06-30 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: William Damon offers the first, much-needed overview of the evolution and nurturance of children's moral understanding and behavior from infancy through adolescence, at home and in school. Drawing on the best professional research and thinking, Professor William Damon charts pragmatic, workable approaches to foster basic virtues such as honesty, responsibility, kindness, and fairness—methods that can make an invaluable difference throughout children's lives.

Download or read book Moral Development New research in moral development written by Bill Puka and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1994 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Download or read book Children s Development Within Social Context Research and methodology written by Lucien T. Winegar and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1992. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Download or read book Revealing the Inner Worlds of Young Children written by Robert N. Emde and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reports the work of a 20-year collaboration between 36 psychologists who have created and investigated a tool to elicit and analyze children's narratives. This tool is the "MacArthur Story Stem Battery", a systematic collection of story beginnings that are referred to as 'stems.'

Download or read book Morality in Context written by Wolfgang Edelstein and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-07-25 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Morality in context is a timely topic. A debate between philosophers and social scientists is a good way to approach it. Why is there such a booming interest in morality and why does it focus on context? One starting point is the change in the sociostructural and sociocultural conditions of modern societies. This involves change in the empirical conditions of moral action and in the social demand on morality. As these changes are accounted for and analyzed in the social sciences, new perspectives emerge that give rise to new ways of framing issues and problems. These problems are best addressed by way of cooperation between philosophers and social scientists. As Habermas (1990) has pointed out in a much cited paper, philosophers depend on social science to fill in the data they require to answer the questions raised by philosophy in its "placeholder" function. The reverse also holds true: Social science needs the conceptual clarifications that philosophy can provide. With respect to morality, such mutual interchanges are of particular importance the contributions to this book show convincingly.

Download or read book Handbook of Moral Behavior and Development written by William M. Kurtines and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication of this unique three-volume set represents the culmination of years of work by a large number of scholars, researchers, and professionals in the field of moral development. The literature on moral behavior and development has grown to the point where it is no longer possible to capture the “state of the art” in a single volume. This comprehensive multi-volume Handbook marks an important transition because it provides evidence that the field has emerged as an area of scholarly activity in its own right. Spanning many professional domains, there is a striking variety of issues and topics surveyed: anthropology, biology, economics, education, philosophy, psychology, psychiatry, sociology, social work, and more. By bringing together work on diverse topics, the editors have fostered a mutually-beneficial exchange not only between alternative approaches and perspectives, but also between “applied” and “pure” research interests. The Theory volume presents current and ongoing theoretical advances focusing on new developments or substantive refinements and revisions to existing theoretical frameworks. The Research volume summarizes and interprets the findings of specific, theory-driven, research programs; reviews research in areas that have generated substantial empirical findings; describes recent developments in research methodology/techniques; and reports research on new and emerging issues. The Application volume describes a diverse array of intervention projects — educational, clinical, organizational, and the like. Each chapter includes a summary report of results and findings, conceptual developments, and emerging issues or topics. Since the contributors to this publication are active theorists, researchers, and practitioners, it may serve to define directions that will shape the emerging literature in the field.

Download or read book Children s Development Within Social Context written by Lucien T. Winegar and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-09-05 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These companion volumes bring together research and theoretical work that addresses the relations between social context and the development of children. They allow for the in-depth discussion of a number of vital metatheoretical, theoretical, and methodological issues that have emerged as a result of increased investigation in these areas. For example: Which methodological and statistical procedures are appropriate and applicable to studies of social context and processes of development? Should the nature of social context be reconceptualized as something more than different levels of some social independent variable? Are theories of development that do not consider social context incomplete? Will the increasingly finer definitions of social context lead to extreme situationism and contextualism? As developmental theory and investigation continues to address relationships between social and cognitive development, it becomes increasingly important that issues concerning social context be elaborated and discussed.

Download or read book Handbook of Moral Development written by Melanie Killen and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Moral Development is the definitive source of theory and research on the development of morality. Since the publication of the first edition, ground-breaking approaches to studying the development of morality have re-invigorated debates about what it means to conceptualize and measure morality in early childhood, how children understand fairness and equality, what the evolutionary basis is for morality, and the role of culture. The contributors of this new edition grapple with these questions and provide answers for how morality originates, changes, evolves, and develops during childhood, adolescence, and into adulthood. Thoroughly updated and expanded, the second edition features new chapters that focus on: infancy neuroscience theory of mind moral personality and identity cooperation and culture gender, sexuality, prejudice and discrimination Reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of the study of moral development, this edition contains contributions from over 50 scholars in developmental science, cognitive psychology, social neuroscience, comparative psychology and evolution, and education.