Download or read book The Elasticity of Taxable Income written by Creedy, John and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-04-21 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book analyses the elasticity of taxable income, a central concept in public finance with a rapidly growing wealth of literature. Combining original empirical research with rigorous theoretical modelling of tax revenue and optimal tax policy, this innovative study examines the complexities and new methods of estimating the elasticity of taxable income.

Download or read book Are Elasticities of Taxable Income Rising written by Mr.Alexander D Klemm and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assesses a possible explanation for the global downward trend in top personal income tax rates over the last decades: globalization and the related tax evasion and avoidance opportunities could have raised elasticities of taxable income, which would imply lower optimal tax rates. The paper estimates elasticities of taxable income for top income earners using a large sample of economies and years with a common method, allowing an analysis of trends in such elasticities. The paper finds that elasticities do not appear to exhibit any clear pattern over the years. The downward trend in tax rates must have other possible explanations, which are briefly discussed.

Download or read book The Elasticity of Taxable Income with Respect to Marginal Tax Rates written by Emmanuel Saez and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper critically surveys the large and growing literature estimating the elasticity of taxable income with respect to marginal tax rates (ETI) using tax return data. First, we provide a theoretical framework showing under what assumptions this elasticity can be used as a sufficient statistic for efficiency and optimal tax analysis. We discuss what other parameters should be estimated when the elasticity is not a sufficient statistic. Second, we discuss conceptually the key issues that arise in the empirical estimation of the elasticity of taxable income using the example of the 1993 top individual income tax rate increase in the United States to illustrate those issues. Third, we provide a critical discussion of most of the taxable income elasticities studies to date, both in the United States and abroad, in light of the theoretical and empirical framework we laid out. Finally, we discuss avenues for future research.

Download or read book The Elasticity of Taxable Income Evidence and Implications written by Jonathan Gruber and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Does Atlas Shrug written by Joel Slemrod and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the introduction of the income tax in 1913, controversy has raged about how heavily to tax the rich. Opponents of high tax rates claim that heavy assessments have negative incentives on the productivity of some of our most talented citizens; supporters stress the importance of the rich shouldering their "fair share," and decry the loopholes that permit many to escape their obligations. Notably absent from this debate is hard evidence about the actual impact of taxes on the behavior of the affluent. This book presents evidence by leading economists of the effects of taxes on the formation of businesses, the supply of labor, the form of executive compensation, the accumulation of wealth, the allocation of portfolios, and the realization of capital gains. Among its findings are that the labor supply of the rich remained unchanged in the face of large tax cuts in 1986, and that in late 1992 executives exercised billions of dollars' worth of stock options in order to beat the tax increases expected in 1993. The book also presents a history of efforts to tax the rich, a demographic snapshot of the financially affluent, and a road map to widely used tax-avoidance strategies. Does Atlas Shrug? will be of great interest to policymakers and interested citizens who want to know how much tax revenue could really be gained by increasing tax rates on the rich, or whether low capital gains tax rates really spur economic growth.

Download or read book The Elasticity of Taxable Income written by John Creedy and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper examines two problems in the estimation of the elasticity of taxable income. The first arises from the need to deal with endogeneity arising from the fact that the marginal tax rate and taxable income are jointly determined in a multi-tax structure.The approach taken in many empirical studies has been to use instrumental variable estimation. In contrast, the approach proposed in the present paper is to use ordinary least squares using proxy variables. It is shown that more robust, plausible results can be obtained using this approach. Secondly, the paper considers a potential role for income effects. One approach previously adopted has involved the addition of a term involving the proportional change in the net-of-tax average rate in addition to the change in the marginal net-of-tax rate. It is shown that the derivation of this specification, starting from the Slutsky equation, involves an invalid assumption (that virtual income can be neglected) at a crucial step. Nevertheless, for the New Zealand case, correction for this assumption leads to empirical results which also support the finding that income effects are negligible and statistically insignificant. In addition, the simpler specification can be derived more easily from a direct utility function. Following Kleven and Schultz (2014), income effects a real so examined by introducing a term involving the proportional change in virtual income. Estimates reported here show a very small negative, but significant, coefficicient on this variable when a proxy based on the expected tax rate is used, but an egligible and insignificant coefficient when a proxy based on an unchanged taxable income is used"--Page 1.

Download or read book Optimal Tax Administration written by Mr.Michael Keen and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-01-20 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper sets out a framework for analyzing optimal interventions by a tax administration, one that parallels and can be closely integrated with established frameworks for thinking about optimal tax policy. Its key contribution is the development of a summary measure of the impact of administrative interventions—the “enforcement elasticity of tax revenue”—that is a sufficient statistic for the behavioral response to such interventions, much as the elasticity of taxable income serves as a sufficient statistic for the response to tax rates. Amongst the applications are characterizations of the optimal balance between policy and administrative measures, and of the optimal compliance gap.

Download or read book The Elasticity of Taxable Income written by Seth H. Giertz and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter focuses on important developments in ETI research, both empirical and theoretical, over the first decade of the twenty-first century and relates them to important tax issues that the United States will face over the next few years. Next, the chapter examines the two most important Bush tax cuts, the Economic Growth Tax Relief and Reconciliation Act of 2001 (EGTRRA) and the Jobs Growth Tax Relief and Reconciliation Act of 2003 (JGTRRA), which are set to expire after 2010, unless additional legislation is enacted. The analysis is repeated for a range of ETI estimates to show how allowing the individual income tax rate cuts to expire might affect economic efficiency and tax revenues. Based on 2005 data, returning individual income tax rates to their 2001 levels would raise revenues by $98.6 billion dollars assuming no behavioral responses. At an elasticity of taxable income (ETI) of 0.2, $15.6 billion of this mechanical increase ($12.2 billion from the federal income tax and $3.4 billion from payroll and state taxes) would be lost due to reductions in taxable income. At an ETI of 0.8, $62.4 billion of the mechanical revenue gain ($48.8 billion from the federal income tax and $13.6 billion from payroll and state taxes) would be lost. The DWL per dollar of additional revenue from the federal income tax is also highly sensitive to the ETI, ranging from $0.18 at an ETI of 0.2 to $1.25 at an ETI of 0.8. When offsets to revenue from payroll and state taxes are taken into account, the range is from $0.19 to $1.72. Laffer curves and rates are also presented in the chapter under the range of ETI assumptions, with special attention focused on the top tax bracket. Again, estimates are quite sensitive to the ETI. At an ETI of 0.2, the estimated Laffer tax rate for the top tax bracket is 78 percent; at an ETI of 1, the estimated Laffer rate is just 41 percent-or slightly higher than the current effective marginal tax rate for this group.

Download or read book Elasticity of Taxable Income written by Kamila Kaucká and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tax rate change influences taxpayers' behavior and hence taxable income and tax revenue of the state budget. Any such change can affect declared taxable income through its effect on quality or quantity of labor supply, savings, portfolio decisions, tax avoidance by legal means or illegal tax evasion. In this work I focus on elasticity of taxable income as an estimate of these behavioral responses to a (personal income) tax rate change. First, I summarize theoretical background and fundamental analyses dealing with elasticity of taxable income. Further, I describe one of the methods, and its constraints, used for in empirical work on elasticity estimation known as difference-in-differences." I apply this method and estimate elasticity of taxable income in the Czech Republic using several recent personal income tax reforms. Those estimates that are consistent with economic theory and common sense suggest, along with results from optimal taxation theory, that the top marginal personal income tax rate in the Czech Republic should not exceed 71.8%, but any lower tax rate is justifiable based on redistributive tastes of a government.

Download or read book The Elasticity of Taxable Income in the Presence of Intertemporal Income Shifting written by Aspen Gorry and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowing the elasticity of taxable income (ETI) is crucial for understanding the effects of taxation on taxpayer behavior and consequently on tax revenues. Previous research finds that high-income individuals are the most sensitive to tax policy changes. However, these individuals have more opportunities to defer income to future tax bases by altering the composition of their compensation than lower-income individuals. This paper considers the taxable income elasticity when individuals can shift income across tax bases and thereby defer taxation. We decompose the elasticity of taxable income into a real response as well as an income shifting response. We measure the tax rate on deferred income by the expected tax gain from deferring income using stock options as developed by Hall and Liebman (2000). Our results demonstrate that income shifting is an important component of previous estimates of the ETI. Because shifted income is taxed at future dates, income shifting decreases the welfare loss from personal income taxation associated with previous estimates.

Download or read book Taxing Corporate Income in the 21st Century written by Alan J. Auerbach and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-16 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was first published in 2007. Most countries levy taxes on corporations, but the impact - and therefore the wisdom - of such taxes is highly controversial among economists. Does the burden of these taxes fall on wealthy shareowners, or is it passed along to those who work for, or buy the products of, corporations? Can a country with high corporate taxes remain competitive in the global economy? This book features research by leading economists and accountants that sheds light on these and related questions, including how taxes affect corporate dividend policy, stock market value, avoidance, and evasion. The studies promise to inform both future tax policy and regulatory policy, especially in light of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other actions by the Securities and Exchange Commission that are having profound effects on the market for tax planning and auditing in the wake of the well-publicized accounting scandals in Enron and WorldCom.

Download or read book The Optimal Elasticity of Taxable Income written by Joel Slemrod and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Elasticity of Taxable Income with Respect to the 2001 and 2003 Federal Marginal Tax Cuts written by Steven Manley and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Taxation Tax Policy written by Joseph J. Cordes and published by The Urban Insitute. This book was released on 2005 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "From adjusted gross income to zoning and property taxes, the second edition of The Encyclopedia of Taxation and Tax Policy offers the best and most complete guide to taxes and tax-related issues. More than 150 tax practitioners and administrators, policymakers, and academics have contributed. The result is a unique and authoritative reference that examines virtually all tax instruments used by governments (individual income, corporate income, sales and value-added, property, estate and gift, franchise, poll, and many variants of these taxes), as well as characteristics of a good tax system, budgetary issues, and many current federal, state, local, and international tax policy issues. The new edition has been completely revised, with 40 new topics and 200 articles reflecting six years of legislative changes. Each essay provides the generalist with a quick and reliable introduction to many topics but also gives tax specialists the benefit of other experts' best thinking, in a manner that makes the complex understandable. Reference lists point the reader to additional sources of information for each topic. The first edition of The Encyclopedia of Taxation and Tax Policy was selected as an Outstanding Academic Book of the Year (1999) by Choice magazine."--Publisher's website.

Download or read book Optimal Elasticity of Taxable Income written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) presents the abstract of the paper "The Optimal Elasticity of Taxable Income," written by Joel Slemrod and Wojciech Kopczuk. The paper discusses the behavioral response to a tax rate change and the factors that might affect the response. The full text of the paper can be purchased.

Download or read book Using the Alternative Minimum Tax to Estimate the Elasticity of Taxable Income for Higher income Taxpayers written by Ali Abbas and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Taxable Income Elasticity and the Anatomy of Behavioral Response written by Tuomas Matikka and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses extensive Finnish panel data from 1995-2007 to analyze the elasticity of taxable income (ETI). I use individual changes in flat municipal income tax rates as an instrument for the overall changes in marginal tax rates. This instrument is not a function of individual income, which is the basis for an exogenous instrument in the taxable income model. In general, instruments used in previous studies do not have this feature. Furthermore, I estimate behavioral responses using smaller subcomponents of taxable income, such as working hours, fringe benefits and tax deductions. This “anatomy” of overall ETI has rarely been studied in the literature. The results show that the average ETI estimate in Finland is 0.35-0.60, depending on the empirical specification and the degree of regional controlling. Subcomponent analysis suggests that neither work effort nor labor supply respond actively to tax changes. In contrast, it seems that fringe benefits and deductions from taxable income might have a larger effect.